Modules 56-57 Flashcards
Gender Empowerment Measure
A measurement of gender equality that includes the proportion of seats help by women in national parliament’s, the percentage of women in economic decision, making positions, and women’s vs men’s share of earned income.
Gender Parity
A way of documenting progress toward gender equality using measures such as relative access to education, average incomes for women versus men, and workforce participation.
Microloan
A very small loan to poor people with little income or collateral intended to help them establish or expand a small business.
mercantilism
A theory of trade stating that each country strives to export more than it imports in order to accumulate wealth.
Protectionism
Trade rules that restrict imports in order to protect domestic injuries.
Absolute Advantage
A nation’s ability to produce a good or service more efficiently than another nation.
Comparative Advantage
A country’s ability to produce one produce much more efficiently than it can produce other products within its economy.
Complementary
A measure of how well one country’s exports profile matches another country’s import profile.
Transnational Corporations
A firm with the power to coordinate and control operations in more than one country, even if it does not won those operations.
Competitive Advantage
A firms relative ability to outperform other transnational corporations (TNCS) in its industry.
Neoliberalism
A range of pro-market and anti government positions on the economy, such as reducing government ownership and regulation and promoting privatization and market-based solutions.
International Monetary Fund (IMF)
International organization that seeks to foster Global monetary cooperation, achieved financial stability, facilitate international trade, and promote sustainable economic growth.
World Bank
An international financial organization that provides funding and expertise to promote sustainable economic growth in developing countries.
World Trade Organization (WTO)
An international organization that regulates trade amount 184 member states, providing a framework for negotiating trade agreements and resolving trade disputes.
Free-Trade Agreements
A treaty between 2 or more countries that reduces tarrifs and promotes foreign investment.
Customs Unions
A free-trade agreement amoung 2 or more member countries, combines with a single, common external trade policy for non-members
Mercosur
Spanish acronym for the southern common market, a south American customs union that includes Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, and Uruguay.
Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)
An intergovernmental organization created to coordinate and unify petroleum policies amount member countries.
Trade Embergo
An official loan on trade with a specific country or of a specific good.
Debt Crisis
Occurs when a government’s debts exceed its tax revenues to the point that it cannot meet its loan payments.
Important Substitution industrialization (ISI)
An economic development policy intended to replace imported goods with domestically produced goods as a way to spur industrialization and reduce dependence on other nations.
