Modules 41-43 Flashcards
Dead Zones
Sections of a body of water where there was very little aquatic life.
Deforestation
Clearing and destruction of forests to clear land for agricultural use.
Desertification
The process by which once- fertile land becomes desert as a result of climate variation or human activities.
Water Control Land Reclamation
The process of draining land inundated with either fresh water or salt water to increase areas for agricultural production.
Irrigated Agriculture
Farming that relies on the controlled application of water to cultivated fields.
Water Mining
The use of deep-well drilling technology and powerful industrial pumping systems to remove water in the ground.
Aquifers
Underground water deposited hundreds of thousands of years ago.
Biofuels
A fuel derived from organic wastes or plant materials.
Biodiesel
Fuel made from vegetable oil.
Sustainable Agriculture
A commitment to satisfying human food and textile needs and to enhancing the quality of life for farmers and society as a whole now and in the future; it requires a balance amount feeding the growing population, minimizing environmental impacts, and ensuring social justice.
Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs)
A living organism, including crops and livestock, that is produced through genetic engineering.
Aquaculture
The cultivation and harvesting of aquatic organisms under controlled conditions
Mariculture
The farming of saltwater species such as shrimp, oysters, and marine fish.
Urban Farming
The practice of growing fruits and vegetables on small private plots or shared community gardens within the confines of a city.
Community Supported Agriculture
A direct-to-consume marketing arrangement in which farmers are guaranteed buyers for their produce at guaranteed prices and consumers receive fresh food directly from the producer.
Farmers market
A venue (ranging from a few stalls in the street to covered enclosures extending a few city blocks in which farmers sell their produce directly to consumers.
Organic Farming
The production of crops and livestock using ecological processes, natural biodiversity, and renewable resources rather than industrial practices and synthetic inputs.
Conventional Agriculture
Farming that depends on manufactured synthetic inputs, GMO seeds, and other industrial practices.
Value-Added Specialty Crops
A crop where physical state or form has been changed.
Fair Trade
A certification program that supports good crop prices for farmers and environmentally sound farming practices.
Slow-food
Movement that resists fast food by preserving the cultural cruising and the associated food and farming practices of an ecoregion.
Locavores
People who dedicate themselves to slow-food diets and to obtaining as much of their nutrition as possible from local farmers.
Food Deserts
Area with limited access to fresh, nutritious foods.
Food Insecurity
Occurs when large numbers of people experience long periods of inadequate diets
Food Security
According to the UN, the situation in which all areas, at all times, have physical and economic access to enough safe and nutritious food that meets their dietary needs and food preferences for an active and healthy life.
Division of Labor
How a group divides the range of tasks within a social system; in subsistence systems, tasks are generally divided based on age and gender.
