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Microbiology-Jenn Edition > Module 9 > Flashcards

Module 9 Flashcards

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1
Q
  1. Frame shift mutations are more detrimental than point shift mutations because______.
    (A) Reversions can occur.
    (B) It adds in three different nucleotides.
    (C) It changes the whole reading frame.
    (D) It only changes part of the reading frame.
    (E) It just is.
A

C

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2
Q
  1. The three different types of mutagens for induced mutations are______.
    (A) Internal, external, natural
    (B) Physical, chemical, biological
    (C) Radiation, filtration, hormonal
    (D) Environmental, physical, biological
    (E) None of the above
A

B

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3
Q
  1. The______ is how we test for chemicals that are mutagenic.
    (A) Ames Test
    (B) Gram stain
    (C) Catalase test
    (D) Both A and B
    (E) None of the above
A

A

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4
Q
  1. ______ is not a type of horizontal gene transfer.
    (A) Conjugation
    (B) Transduction
    (C) Transformation
    (D) Translation
    (E) None of the above
A

D

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5
Q
  1. You are working in a lab to determine what chemical compounds are mutagenic and lead to either induced or spontaneous mutations in bacteria. After using the Ames Test, many colonies can be found surrounding the chemical tested. Based on the results, you can conclude that the chemical is a _________ that led to _________ mutations within the colonies.
    (A) Non-mutagen, induced
    (B) Non-mutagen, spontaneous
    (C) Mutagen, induced
    (D) Mutagen, spontaneous
    (E) None of the above
A

C

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6
Q
  1. After which type of transposition event is the transposon DNA absent from the Donor DNA but present in the Recipient’s DNA?
    (A) Conservative
    (B) Insertion Sequences
    (C) Replicative
    (D) Transduction
    (E) None of the above
A

A

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7
Q
  1. All of the following are types of horizontal gene transfer EXCEPT:
    (A) Transduction
    (B) Transformation
    (C) Conjugation
    (D) Transcription
    (E) None of the above
A

D

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8
Q
  1. Point mutations that change a single purine base to a pyrimidine base are known as what?
    (A) Transversion
    (B) Transition
    (C) Frame shift mutations
    (D) A and B
    (E) None of the above
A

A

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9
Q
  1. What is the base changed to in a nonsense point mutation?
    (A) The same amino acid
    (B) A different amino acid
    (C) A hydrogen molecule
    (D) A stop codon
    (E) A start codon
A

D

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10
Q
  1. Spontaneous mutations are due to__
    (A) External agents
    (B) Mutagens
    (C) Frame shift mutations
    (D) Errors in DNA replication
    (E) Errors is RNA replication
A

D

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11
Q
  1. From 1 cell in E. Coli, how many mutations occur in 10 hours?
    (A) 4
    (B) 5,000
    (C) 20,000
    (D) 40
    (E) 500
A

b

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12
Q
  1. Which of the following is an example of a physical mutagen that induces a mutation?
    (A) Ultraviolet light
    (B) Chemical modifiers
    (C) Intercalating agents
    (D) X-Rays
    (E) All of the above
A

E

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13
Q
  1. Which of the following is NOT a part of the recombination mechanism?
    (A) Making a single- strand break in the donor DNA
    (B) Making a double strand break in the donor DNA
    (C) RecA protein binding to the single stranded region
    (D) Making a heteroduplex formation
    (E) A and C
A

b

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14
Q
  1. What genetic elements are exchanged in conjugation
    (A) Plasmids
    (B) Chromosomes
    (C) Mutations
    (D) A and B
    (E) None of the above
A

D

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15
Q
  1. Which is not a type of horizontal gene transfer?
    (A) Transformation
    (B) Transduction
    (C) Conjugation
    (D) Transition
    (E) None of the above
A

D

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16
Q
  1. Which of the following is not a possible fate of transferred DNA?
    (A) Accepted – inserted in recipient chromosome
    (B) Rejected – degraded by donor cell
    (C) Accepted – replicated independently
    (D) Rejected- degraded by recipient cell
    (E) None of the above
A

b

17
Q
  1. Which of the following organisms have jumping genes?
    (A) Prokaryotes
    (B) Mammals
    (C) Fungi
    (D) Salmon
    (E) None of the above
A

A

18
Q
  1. UV radiation is physical mutagens that causes:
    (A) Adenine dimers
    (B) Pyrimidine dimers
    (C) Thymine dimers
    (D) B and C
    (E) All of the above
A

D

19
Q
  1. What is incorrect below about Chemical Mutagens
    (A) Chemical modifiers change the structure of the nucleotides
    (B) Nucleotide Base analogs cause Frameshift mutations
    (C) Intercalating Agents insert themselves in-between the DNA base pairs
    (D) B and C are incorrect
    (E) None of the above
A

B

20
Q
  1. You were given two copies of a gene; one is a wild type phenotype and the other that has a loss of or change in pigment. What type of mutation could have caused this?
    (A) Missense mutation
    (B) Nonsense Mutation
    (C) Silent mutation
    (D) No mutation
    (E) A and B
A

E

21
Q
  1. What is a transversion point mutation?
    (A) Purine to Pyrimidine ONLY
    (B) Pyrimidine to Purine ONLY
    (C) Purine to a protein
    (D) Protein to Purine
    (E) None of the above
A

E

22
Q
  1. What is the general mechanism of sex pilus?
    (A) Contacts recipient cell
    (B) Retracts to brings cell together
    (C) Conjugation
    (D) All of the above
    (E) None of the above
A

D

23
Q
  1. What are “jumping genes”?
    (A) Genes that move within or between DNA molecules
    (B) Transposons
    (C) F plasmid
    (D) Genes that do a jumping dance
    (E) None of the above
A

A

24
Q
  1. Which chemical mutagen DOES NOT cause a point mutation?
    (A) Nucleotide base analogs
    (B) Chemical modifiers
    (C) Ionizing radiation
    (D) Intercalating Agents
    (E) All of these cause point mutations
A

D

25
Q
  1. What type of gene transfer would be affected by a loss of pili?
    (A) Transformation
    (B) Transduction
    (C) Transposition
    (D) Conjugation
    (E) None of the Above
A

D

26
Q
  1. Which is NOT part of the mechanism for recombination?
    (A) Donor DNA is nicked
    (B) Single-strand binding proteins attach to the donor DNA
    (C) RecA protein binds to the single-stranded region
    (D) Heteroduplex Formation
    (E) Replication
A

E

27
Q
  1. What is naked DNA uptake called?
    (A) Transduction
    (B) Conjugation
    (C) Transformation
    (D) Plasmids
    (E) Chromosomes
A

C

28
Q
  1. What kinds of mutations shift the reading frame?
    (A) Insertions and point mutations
    (B) Transitions and transversions
    (C) Insertions and transversions
    (D) Insertions and deletions
    (E) Transitions and insertions
A

D

Microbiology-Jenn Edition (20 decks)

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