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Ergo 2 > Module 9&10: Long-Term Memory & Stress > Flashcards

Module 9&10: Long-Term Memory & Stress Flashcards

1
Q

forgetting increases with ____ intervals after encoding

A

longer

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2
Q

forgetting is NOT an ____ process

A

all or nothing

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3
Q

familiarity

A

semantic memory

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4
Q

recollection

A

episodic memory

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5
Q

this refers to the loss of episodic details of memories of long ago events

A

semanticization of remote memories (remember/know procedure)

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6
Q

types of LTM

A

explicit and implicit

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7
Q

what are explicit memories

A

occurs when learning events is accompanied by the conscious mind

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8
Q

two types of explicit memory

A

episodic = personal events/experience
semantic = facts, knowledge

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9
Q

what are inplicit memories

A

occurs when learning events is not accompanied by the conscious mind

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10
Q

types of implicit memories

A

procedural memory
priming
conditioning

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11
Q

this refers to performing procedures without being conscious on how to do them

A

procedural memory

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12
Q

this refers to the presentation of stimulus changing the person’s response to test a stimulus

A

priming

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13
Q

type of priming where read or heard statements are rated as true

A

propaganda effect

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14
Q

this refers to pairing a neutral stimulus with a reflexive response

A

conditioning

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15
Q

this refers to acquiring info and transforming it into memory

A

encoding

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16
Q

this refers to transferring info from LTM to working memory

A

retrieval

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17
Q

this refers to the repitition of stimuli that maintains info but DOES NOT TRANSFER it to LTM

A

maintenance rehearsal

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18
Q

this refers to using meanings and connections to help transfer info to LTM

A

elaborative rehearsal

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19
Q

this depends on how info is encoded

A

memory

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20
Q

two depths of processing theory

A

shallow and deep processing

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21
Q

this refers to little attention to memory as it focuses on physical features resulting to poor memory

A

shallow processing

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22
Q

this refers to close attention to memory resulting to a better memory

A

deep processing

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23
Q

we learn info together with ___

A

context

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24
Q

according to baddeley’s ____ experiment, best recall occurs when encoding and retrieval occurred in the same location

A

diving

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25
Q

the memory task results improve if the type of processing used in encoding is the same type during retrieval

A

transfer-appropriate processing

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26
Q

transforms new memories from fragile to permanent state

A

consolidation

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27
Q

two types of consolidation

A

synaptic and systems consolidation

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28
Q

rapid, occurs at synapses

A

synaptic consolidation

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29
Q

gradual, reorganization of neural circuits

A

systems consolidation

30
Q

two types of memory loss and injury

A

retrograde and graded amnesia

31
Q

loss of memory for events PRIOR to the trauma

A

retrograde amnesia

32
Q

memory for recent events is MORE FRAGILE than for remote events

A

graded amnesia

33
Q

this is the REACTION of the organism to a threatening or oppressing situation (Selye, 1930)

A

stress

34
Q

external cause

A

stressor

35
Q

does long lasting or recurring stress detrimental to health

A

yes

36
Q

what is the emotional state which results from DISCREPANCy between the level of DEMAND and ABILITY to cope

A

occupational stress

37
Q

this can be a negative emotional experience associated with unpleasant feelings

A

stress

38
Q

stressors

A

job control
social security
job distress
task and performance demand
job security
responsibility
physical environment problems
complexity

39
Q

category of stressors

A

environmental
psychological
life stress
work overload, underload, and sleep deprivation

40
Q

environmental stressors (NVTAL)

A

bnoise
vibration
thermal
air quality
lighting

41
Q

psychological stressors (PCA)

A

psychological
cognitive appraisal

42
Q

this results from perceived threat of harm or loss of self-esteem

A

psychological

43
Q

less likely to experience stress if people feel more in control of the situation

A

cognitive appraisal

44
Q

circumstance on the job and personal life. may be related to lack of attention, resources and effort put into the job

A

life stress

45
Q

effects of stress (PPEipH)

A

psychological
physiological
efficiency of info processing
health

46
Q

____ direct physiological measures of stress

A

no

47
Q

what are some extensive questionnaire surveys?

A

mood checklist
psychosocial questionnaires
physiological measures

48
Q

stress indicates ___

A

mismatch

49
Q

some amount of stress INCREASES ___ and ___

A

aspiration, motivation

50
Q

___ use of person’s capabilities lead to ___

A

underuse, dissatisfaction

51
Q

if demands ____ indiv’s capacity to cope, ___ develops

A

exceed, distress

52
Q

fatigue (LD)

A

loss of efficiency
disinclination of effort

53
Q

two types of fatigue

A

muscular & general

54
Q

muscular performance DECLINES as strain INCREASES (reduced power)

A

muscular fatigue

55
Q

muscular fatigue has ___ movement and response time

A

slower

56
Q

general sensation of weariness

A

general fatigue

57
Q

other types of fatigue (EGMNCC)

A

eye fatigue - visual straining
general bodily fatigue - physical overloading
mental fatigue
nervous fatigue - psychomotor
chronic fatigue - long term effects
circadian fatigue

58
Q

symptoms are ___almost all of the time

A

latent

59
Q

chronic/clinical fatigue states that there is a___ weakening of drive and unwillingness to work

A

general

60
Q

how to measure fatigue

A

there is no way of directly measuring the extent of fatigue

61
Q

long periods of driving led to a reduced ability to discriminate bet. sensory impressions and a loss of efficiency

A

traffic fatigue

62
Q

__ hours of driving brings a distinct lowering of alertness and increases risk of accidents

A

4 hrs

63
Q

sleep loss leads to

A

fatigue: sleep deprivation & circadian rhythm

64
Q

remedy to sleepiness

A

get more sleep - 3-4hrs
napping - 2hr after 54hrs awake; 15mins in general
sleep credits - extra sleep
program for sleep management
other sources - caffeine

65
Q

assigns workers permanently to different shifts

A

shiftwork

66
Q

measurable quantity of info processing demands

A

mental workload

67
Q

to maintain workload level that will allow acceptable performance

A

mwl assessment

68
Q

factors affecting MWL

A

MWL will increase if:
accuracy ⬆️
time demands ⬆️
# of tasks ⬆️
exposure to heat or noise

69
Q

measure of MWL

A

primary task and secondary task measures

70
Q

this directly examines the performance of the operator: task difficulty ⬆️, performance ⬇️

A

primary tasks measures

71
Q

workload is assessed by the degree to which performance deteriorates in dual task situation

A

secondary task measures

Ergo 2 (12 decks)

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