Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Ergo 2 > Module 2: Cognitive Psychology > Flashcards

Module 2: Cognitive Psychology Flashcards

1
Q

what is a system that creates representations of the world so that we can act within it to achieve our goals?

A

mind

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is the study of mental processes which includes determining the characteristics and properties of the mind and how it operates?

A

cognitive psychology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what are the 4 early works in cognitive psychology?

A

donder’s pioneering experiment
wundt’s psychology laboratory
ebbinghaus’s memory experiment
william james’s principle of psychology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

who created the reaction time experiment?

A

Donder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

how did donder’s measured decision makingg?

A

through reaction time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what are the 2 types of reaction time?

A

simple and choice reaction time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what are the 3 steps that summarizes Donder’s reaction time?

A

stimulus > mental response > behavioral response

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

according to Donders, how many second does a decision making takes?

A

one-tenth of a second

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is the FIRST COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY experiment that signifies studying the mind?

A

donder’s ecperiment (reaction time)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what is the formula for reaction time according to donder’s experiment?

A

choice - simple = time ti make a decision

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what is donders measuring when he measured the reaction time?

A

the relationship between the presentation of the stimulus and the participant’s response

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

when did donders experiment took place?

A

1868

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

who founded the 1ST LABORATORY OF SCIENTIFIC PSYCHOLOGY?

A

wilhelm wundt

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

when and where did wundt founded the 1st scientific psychology laboratory?

A

1879; University of Leipzig

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what was wundt’s approach?

A

structuralism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

this pertains to the overall experienced being determined by combining the basic elements of experience

A

structuralism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what is the combination of the basic elements of experience

A

sensations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what is the technique which trained participants described their experiences and thought processes in response to stimuli?

A

analytic introspection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

who is the german psychologists who was interested in determining the nature of memory and forgetting?

A

hermann ebbinghaus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what method did ebbinghaus used to determine how rapid does the information is lost over time?

A

quantitative

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

who is the participant of ebbinghaus’s experiment?

A

him (ebbinghaus)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what is the methodology of ebbinghaus’s experiment?

A

repeated 13 lists of nonsense syllables to himself one at a time at a constant rate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

what is the reason behind the nonsense syllables?

A

so that his memory would not be influenced by the meaning of a particular word

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

what is the objective of ebbinghaus’s experiment

A

to determine the number of repetitions necessary to repeat list without errors

25
Q

what is the measure used to determine how much was forgotten after a particular delay?

A

savings

26
Q

_____ break intervals = ____ repetitions necessary to relearn list

A

short, fewer

27
Q

what is the formula for savings (ebbinghaus’s experiment)?

A

orig time to learn - time to relearn after delay

28
Q

The ______ in savings (remembering) with _______ delays indicates that forgetting occurs rapidly over the first ____ days and then occurs more ____ after that.

A

decrease, increasing, 2, slowly

29
Q

when was ebbinghaus experiment established?

A

1885

30
Q

who taught harvard’s first psychology course?

A

william james

31
Q

when did the principles of psychology, a compilation of observations about the mind, released?

A

1890

32
Q

how is the book principles of psychology made?

A

william james had observations based on the function of his own mind and not experiments

33
Q

what works abandoned the study of the mind?

A

watson’s behaviorism, skinner’s operant conditioning, setting the mind for reemergence of the mind in psychology

34
Q

what approach eliminate the mind and study directly observable behavior?

A

behaviorism

35
Q

what is watson’s and ralie rayner (1920) experimented on?

A

Little Albert

36
Q

pairing of one stimulus with another that causes change in the response to the neutral stimulus

A

classical conditioning

37
Q

who provided another tool for studying the relationship between stimulus and response in 1931 when he received his PhD from harvard?

A

B.F. Skinner

38
Q

what approach focused on how behavior is strengthened by the representation of positive reinforcers?

A

operant conditioning

39
Q

when was watson’s behaviorism took place?

A

1913

40
Q

when was operant conditioning took place?

A

1938

41
Q

who called himself a behaviorist but was considered one of the early cognitive psychology because he used behavior to infer mental processes?

A

tolman

42
Q

in 1938, tolman experimented on ?

A

rats placed in a 4-armed maze

43
Q

what is tolman’s experiment ?

A

cognitive map

44
Q

what is the controversy over language acquisition?

A

skinner (1957) verbal behavior vs chomsky (1959)

45
Q

how did chomsky (1959) rebut skinner’s verbal behavior?

A

children do not only learn language thru imitation and reinforcement;

46
Q

according to chomsky (1959), language must be determined by _____?

A

inborn biological program

47
Q

what is the way to study the mind based on insights associated with the digital computer?

A

information-processing approach?

48
Q

what theory was built on James’ idea of attention?

A

cherry (1953)

49
Q

what is Cherry’s (1953) theory all about?

A

Subjects could understand details of message A despite also hearing message B

50
Q

who developed flow diagram to show what occurs as a person directs attention to one stimulus?

A

broadbent (1958)

51
Q

making machine behave in ways that would be called intelligent if a human were so behaving

A

artificial intelligence

52
Q

who developed a 3-stage model of memory?

A

arkinson and shiffrin (1968)

53
Q

what are the three stages of memory model?

A

sensory memory
short-term memory
long-term memory

54
Q

less than 1 second

A

sensory memory

55
Q

few seconds, limited capacity

A

short-term memory

56
Q

long duration, high capacity

A

long-term memory

57
Q

what scientific study studies the behavior of people with brain damage?

A

neuropsychology

58
Q

what scientific study studies the electrical responses of the nervous system including brain neurons?

A

electrophysiology

Ergo 2 (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions