Module 1: Intro to Cognitive Ergonomics Flashcards
what is concerned with mental processes, such as perception, memory, reasoning, and motor response, as they affect interactions among humans and other elements of a system?
cognitive ergonomics
what is the scientific study and body of knowledge of human abilities, limitations, and characteristics for the appropriate design of the living and work environments?
ergonomics
ergonomics is fitting the ____ to the ______
job, man
ergonomics has existed as a ______ for over _______ years to help people succeed in their jobs
profession, 50
what are the benefits of ergonomics as a profession?
1.) reducing human error in the system performance
2.) reducing hazards to individuals in the work environment
3.) improving system efficiency
4.) designing systems with a user focus
5.) improving quality of life
what aspects does ergonomics 1 focuses on?
anatomy and physiology (physical ergo)
what aspect does ergonomics 2 focuses on?
psychology (cognitive ergo)
why does cognitive ergo studies cognition in work and operational settings?
to optimize human well-being and system performance
what is a subset of the larger field of human factors and ergonomics?
cognitive ergonomics
what is the scientific study of structure of organisms?
anatomy
what is the scientific study of HOW the human body FUNCTIONS?
physiology
what is the scientific study of the way the human mind WORKS?
psychology
what are the relevant topics related to human-system design?
- mental workload
- decision making
- skilled performance
- human-computer interaction
- work stress
- training
- human reliability
what year did the field of cognitive ergonomics emerged with the advent of the personal computers and new developments?
1970s
what are the 2 fields did the cognitive ergonomics emerged from?
cognitive psychology and artificial intelligence
what is the application of PSYCHOLOGY to work, to achieve optimization between people and their work?
cognitive ergonomics
what is considered an applied science?
cognitive ergonomics
what ergonomics had rapidly developed over the last 27 years?
cognitive ergonomics
according to van der Veer, who was one of the pioneers of interactive systems engineering and the person who advocated the notion of “user-centered designs”?
Enid Mumford
what are the 2 criteria for developing a user-centered design?
task analysis and analyzing motor control cognition during visual tasks
what is a division of ergonomics (human factors), a discipline and practice that aims to ensure appropriate interaction between work, product and environment, and human needs, capabilities, and limitations
cognitive ergonomics
cognitive ergonomics is _____?
mental processes
what is a cognitive approach that is often equated with contemporary cognitive psychology?
human information processing model
Information-processing models for particular tasks
describe the______ and predict response times, error rates, error types, and other aspects of human performance
flow of information through the various
stages
who founded the theory of bounded rationality?
simon, 1957
this refers to the cognitive limitations of consumers
bounded rationality
what are the 3 factors that influences suboptimal decisions that people make according to bounded rationality?
cognitive limitations
imperfect information
time constraints
in this theory, what do consumers opt to when faced with complex choices?
satisfice
what refers to our inability as humans to process information in an optimal manner or we are unable to consider all available factors in our decision making?
cognitive limitations
what refers to the lack of information a consumer has
information imperfection
what constrict our ability to process and analyze a situation and come to an optimal decision?
time constraint
the theory of bounded rationality by Simon, 1957 states that:
- we are not optimal decision makers
- we tend to relative satisfaction
- we have never completed information availability
- we are finite memory storage
- we cannot foresee all the possible effects of options
- we follow heuristics rather than algorithms
what theory did Reason last 1990 suggests?
theory of human error
this is an (in) action that was not intended, not desired by a set of rules or an external observer, and an action that led the task or system outside its acceptable limits
theory of human error (reason, 1990)
what is a subfield of cognitive ergonomics that aims to enhance human-computer interaction by using neural correlates to better understand situational task demands?
neuroergonomics
what field investigates the human brain in relation to behavioral performance?
neuroergonomics
