module 8 repro MALE

Question 1

• a common benign enlargement of the prostate gland caused by the development of discrete nodules within the organ.
• the etiology is unknown but it is believed to be caused by hormonal changes associated with aging affecting males 50 years of age and older.
• symptoms include difficulty in starting, stopping and maintaining a flow of urine, inability to completely empty the bladder and nocturia .

Answer 1

BENIGN PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA

Question 2

• males over the age of 50 years develop small multiple calcifications within the prostate known as ____, radiographically visible on a plain abdominal or pelvic images and its development has no clinical significance

Answer 2

prostatic calculi

Question 3

• Adenocarcinoma of the prostate, is a common cancer in males
• signs and symptoms are urinary tract obstruction, a hard enlarged prostate and low back pain
• this neoplasm is testosterone dependent and so the testes are often removed

Answer 3

CARCINOMA OF THE PROSTATE

Question 4

• the most common sign and symptom is an enlargement or palpable hardness of the testis. Chemotherapy and radiotherapy are used in conjunction with surgery.

Answer 4

TESTICULAR TUMORS

Question 5

four types of malignant germ cell tumors:

Answer 5

a. Seminomas
b. Teratomas
c. Embryonal Carcinoma
d. Choriocarcinoma

Question 6

• arise from the seminiferous tubules
• grow rapidly but tend to remain localized for a fairly long time before metastasizing
• radiosensitive
• malignant neoplasm of the testis
• Tx surgery involving removal of the testis

Answer 6

SEMINOMAS

Question 7

• arise from primitive germ cells
• composed of various cell types such as connective tissue, muscle, and thyroid glandular tissue

Answer 7

TERATOMAS

Question 8

• smaller in size than seminomas; however, they are very invasive and
  metastasize fairly quickly

Answer 8

EMBRYONAL CARCINOMA

Question 9

• very small and aggressive neoplasms
• often nonpalpable and metastasize very early

Answer 9

CHORIOCARCINOMAS

Question 10

inflammation of the epididymis and testis

Answer 10

EPIDIDYMO-ORCHITIS

Question 11

• the accumulation of watery liquid in a sac, usually the sac surrounding the testes
• characterized by painless enlargement of the scrotum
• treated surgically by drainage of the fluid or removal of the sac

Answer 11

HYDROCELE

Question 12

• A cystic swelling in the scrotum containing sperm
• The cyst arises from the epididymis ( the duct conveying sperm from the testis) and can be felt as a lump above the testis
• Needle aspiration of the cyst reveals a milky opalescent fluid containing sperm
• Tx is by surgical removal

Answer 12

SPERMATOCELES