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pathology > module 3 traumatic > Flashcards

module 3 traumatic Flashcards

1
Q

discontinuity of bone caused by mechanical forces either applied to the bone or transmitted directly along the line of a bone

A

FRACTURES

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2
Q
  • one in which the bone has
    penetrate the skin.
A

OPEN OR COMPOUND FRACTURE

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3
Q

one in which the skin is not penetrated, thus reducing the chance of infection

A

CLOSED FRACTURE

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4
Q
  • those in which the bone has separated into two fragments
A

COMPLETE FRACTURE

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5
Q

those in which only part of the bony structure gives way, with little or no displacement

A

INCOMPLETE

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6
Q

bone is separated into two or more and often numerous fragments

A

COMMINUTED FRACTURE

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7
Q

complete fractures that are at right angles to the long axis of the bone

A

TRANSVERSE FRACTURE

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8
Q

type of incomplete fracture that extends from the surface into but not all the way through a long bone

A

FISSURE

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9
Q
  • axis of the fracture is neither parallel nor perpendicular to the bone. The length and angle of the
    fracture depend on the rotational stress
A

OBLIQUE FRACTURE

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10
Q
  • bone appears to be twisted apart
  • very common in the humerus, and
    especially the tibia of skiers
A

SPIRAL FRACTURE

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11
Q
  • lengthwise break in a bone
A

LONGITUDINAL FRACTURE

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12
Q

one bone fragment is driven into another

A

IMPACTED FRACTURE

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13
Q

type of impacted fracture that is especially common in the distal radius of children

A

TORUS

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14
Q

fracture of a bone in two district places

A

DOUBLE FRACTURE

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15
Q

occur when a fragment of bone is pulled away from the shaft

A

AVULSION

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16
Q

usually occur as a result of an abnormal degree of repetitive trauma

A

STRESS/FATIGUE STRESS

17
Q

occur at sites of maximal strain on a bone, usually in connection with unaccustomed activity

A

FATIGUE

18
Q

commonly a transverse fracture occurring in abnormal bone that is weakened by various diseases

A

PATHOLOGIC

19
Q

a fractures of the base of the first metacarpal with involvement of the First carpometacarpal joint

A

Bennett’s Fracture

20
Q

fracture through the distal one-inch of the radius

A

Colle’s

21
Q

a reverse Colle’s fracture with displacement toward the palmar aspect of the hand

A

Smith’s

22
Q

common pediatric fracture in which there is an alteration in the alignment of the condyles, may come to lie directly under the shaft of the humerus

A

Supracondylar

23
Q

usually caused by falling on one’s hand

A

Carpal-Navicular Fracture

24
Q

involves both malleoli, with dislocation of the ankle joint

A

Pott’s

25
Q
  • exact location and severity of a hip fracture depend on the direction of the forces involved
  • most common types of hip fractures include subcapital, transcervical and intertrochanteric
A

Hip Fractures

26
Q

a fracture of the lateral and medial malleolus

A

Bimalleolar Fracture

27
Q

has three components: the medial and lateral malleolus and the posterior distal tibia

A

Trimalleolar Fracture

28
Q
  • a common transverse fracture that occurs when the foot is suddenly twisted when the ankle pronates
A

Fracture of the Base of the Fifth Metatarsal

29
Q
  • occurs when a person falls directly on the patella, shattering it
A

Stellate Fracture

30
Q
  • a comminuted fracture in which there are one or more butterfly wing or wedge-shaped fragments split off from the main fragments
A

Butterfly

31
Q
  • in which the cortex breaks on one side without separation or breaking of the opposing cortex.
  • found almost exclusively in infants and children because of the softness of the cancellous bone
A

Greenstick

32
Q

avulsion fracture of a small fragment or chip of bone from the corner of a phalanx or other long bone

A

Chip

33
Q

type of incomplete fracture resulting from penetration by a sharp object such a bullet or a knife

A

Penetrating

34
Q
  • occurs when the fifth metacarpal fractures as a result of a blow to or with the hand
A

Boxer’s

35
Q
  • one of the proximal third of the ulna shaft, with anterior dislocation of the radial head
A

Monteggia

pathology (16 decks)

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