Module 8 (part of test 3) Flashcards
A seizure is a _____, _____ change in the neurological function?
Chronic
Recurrent
T/F All seizures imply that the person has Epilepsy?
F
What is the pathophysiology of Epilepsy? An excessive______?
focal Neuronal Discharge
Epilepsy is characterized by stimulation of what muscle group?
voluntary
A person with epilepsy can be provoked into having a seizure by?
flicking lights
loud music
loud noises
Why does a person having a seizure loose consciousness?
The “Awake” center of hypothalamus gets depressed
What precedes a Seizure?
Aura
An Aura can be an unusual _____, visual ______ or just a person becoming ______?
smell
disturbance
irritable
What are the 2 categories of Grand Mal Seizures?
Clonic
Tonic
Why does someone having a seizure sometimes experience an “epileptic cry”
Diaphragm spasms
Dilated pupils, generalized muscle rigidity, and loss of consciousness describes what phase/category of a Grand Mal Seizure?
Tonic
Clonic Grand Mal seizures are seen as ______ movements with ________ contractions of limbs.
uncoordinated
rhythmic
How long does a Grand Mal Seizure last?
90 sec
What symptoms can follow a Grand Mal Seizure?
headache
confusion
urinary incontinence
A petitie-mal seizure is termed a?
Absence Seizure
A person appears to be _____ ______ with a petite-mal seizure?
day dreaming
What is the term for a repeated seizure in a short period of time without full recovery?
Status Epilepticus
What do you administer to a person experiencing Status Epilepticus?
Valium injection
A person experiencing status epilepticus can become ______/______ and suffer from permanent brain damage?
hypoxic
acidic
What should you do if someone has a seizure?
passively protect
A stroke is caused by?
decreased blood supply to the brain
TIA stands for?
Transient Ischemic Attack
What is a precursor for a Stroke?
TIA
What medication is used to reduce edema in stroke patients?
Corticosteroids
When can we do elective dental treatment on a patient who has experienced a stroke?
6 months after episode
What stroke medication inhibits platelet action?
Plavix
What stroke medication inhibits the action of vitamin K?
Warfarin/Coumadin
NSAID’s block the ___ enzyme and reduces ______?
COX
prostaglandins
Can we use epinephrine in our LA for a stroke patient?
Yes- cardiac dose
Parkinson’s involves a decrease in ______ secretion?
dopamine
A patient with parkinson’s will have muscle _______ as well as ______ movements and a _______ posture.
rigidity
slow
stooped
What one symptom is a hallmark for Parkinson’s?
tremors while not moving
What is the therapy for parkinson’s?
increase dopamine
What is the MOST common drug used for parkinson’s?
L-dopa
What drug is used in conjunction with L-dopa to make sure the dopamine doesn’t convert before it reaches the brain?
Sinemet
What parkinson’s drug is used to relieve stiffness and tremors and now restless leg syndrome as well?
Requip (dopamine agonist)
Azilect is a drug that does what?
Reduces dopamine breakdown
Azilect is a type of ________ inhibitor?
MAO-B
Alzheimer’s is a _______ degeneration?
progressive
Alzheimer’s affects ages _______ and over and has a familial pattern ______% of the time?
65
20
Alzheimer’s is a degeneration of the _______ neurons and the neurotransmitters _______ and ________?
cholinergic
acetylcholine
glutamate
What is the most common autoimmune disease of the nervous system?
MS
MS is a chronic/continuous ________ of neurons?
de-myelination
Patients with MS may experience _______ mouth?
dry/burning
Dysarthia means?
difficulty speaking
What disease is commonly known as Lou Gehrig Disorder?
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ALS
ALS is a ______ degeneration of nerve cells responsible for ______ movements?
gradual
voluntary
______% of ALS patients die within 18 mo.
50
Is mental awareness altered in ALS patients?
no
What neurotransmitter is most abundant in the nervous system?
Glutamate
What drug is used in ALS to reduce the amount of glutamate released?
Rilutek
