MODULE 8 (part 3 & 4) Flashcards
- Flowering plants, also known as __________, are the most diverse group of land plants in the world, with at least 260,000 living species classified into 453 families
- originates from Greek words _______ meaning covered and ______ meaning seed
- they are divided into two groups: ______ & _______
- Angiosperms
- angio, sperma
monocot and dicot
- primarily identified as such by the presence of a single cotyledon in the seedling
- Other anatomical features include veins that run parallel to the length of the leaves and flower parts that are arranged in a three- or six-fold symmetry
- True woody tissue is rarely found
- In palm trees, vascular and parenchyma tissues produced by the primary and secondary thickening of meristems form the trunk
- The pollen is __________, containing a single furrow or pore through the outer layer
monosulcate
MONOCOT GROUP
- The vascular tissue of the stem is not arranged in any particular pattern
- The root system is mostly adventitious and unusually positioned, with no major taproot
- include plants such as the true lilies (which are the origin of their alternate name: Liliopsida), orchids, grasses, and palms
- Many important crops such as rice and other cereals, corn, sugar cane, and tropical fruits like bananas and pineapples
monocot group
______, or _______, are characterized by the presence of two cotyledons in the developing shoot.
- Veins form a network in leaves, while flower parts come in four, five, or many whorls.
- Vascular tissue forms a ring in the stem
- can be herbaceous (like grasses) or produce woody tissues
- Most produce pollen that is __________ or __________, with three furrows or pores
- The root system is usually anchored by one main root developed from the embryonic radicle
- comprise two-thirds of all flowering plants
trisulcate or triporate
EUDICOTS or TRUE DICOTS
one embryo or cotyledon
monocot
two embryo or cotyledon
dicot
single furrow or pore (_________)
- monosulcate
MONOCOT
triple furrow or pore (________)
- triporate
DICOT
multiples of 3 flowers
monocot
multiples of 4 or 5 flowers
dicot
parallel leaf veins
monocot
reticulated or netted leaf veins
dicot
scattered stem (vascular bundles)
monocot
arranged in a ring stem (vascular bundles)
dicot
herbaceous stem (habit)
monocot
woody stem (habit)
dicot
- secondary growth is absent
- secondary growth is present
- monocot
- dicot
- adventitious or fibrous root
- root develops from a radicle
- monocot
- dicot
the idea of plant families is that plants that have something in common can be grouped together
spot characteristics
- It can help identify a new plant. If your unknown plant has the characteristics of a particular Family, then you can narrow the search to find its identity.
- It can give you an idea of what the plant looks like. Almost anything in the Asteraceae Family will look like a Daisy. Most members of the Campanulaceae Family have blue flowers in a bell or star shape.
- If you know which Plant Family a plant belongs to, it might help you to find the seeds.
For instance, members of the Cabbage family (Brassicaceae) have a seedpod that has a thin papery membrane between the two halves, members of the Nettle Family (Lamiaceae) don’t have a seed pod; they have four seeds on a pad at the bottom of the open calyx, and members of the Fabaceae Family all have their seeds in legumes (pods like pea or bean pods).
mostly herbs, leaves are alternate, the inflorescence is capitulum
Family Asteraceae (Aster or Daisy Family)
- Lactuca sativa (lettuce)
- Helianthus annuus (sunflower)
- Smallanthus sonchifolius (yacon)
LHS
habit could be herbs, shrubs, vines, or trees, leaves are petiolate
alternate, fruits are legumes or sometimes lomentum
Family Fabaceae (Bean or Legume Family)
- Tamarindus indica (tamarind)
- Pisum sativum (pea)
- Arachis hypogaea (peanut)
TPA
BOTANICAL FAMILIES OF MEDICINAL IMPORTANCE
- Fabaceae
- lamiaceae
- euphorbiaceae
- apocynaceae
- malvaceae
- apiaceae
- ranunculaceae
- moraceae
- solanaceae
- rutaceae
- annonaceae
- asparagaceae
FOOD PLANT FAMILIES
brassicaceae
fabaceae
liliaceae
poaceae
rutaceae
solanaceae
apiaceae
asteraceae
chenopodiaceae
rosaceae
sterculiaceae
vitaceae
arecaceae
cucurbitaceae
ericaceae
euphorbiaceae
polygonaceae
theaceae
anacardiaceae
araliaceae
lamiaceae
lauraceae
linaceae
punicaceae
betulaceae
clusiaceae
juglandaceae
oleaceae
rubiaceae
zingiberaceae
OTHERS
A. annonaceae
B. bromeliaceae
C. convolvulaceae
D. ebenaceae
E. grossulariaceae
F. lythraceae
G. malvaceae
H. musaceae
I. myrthaceae
J. passifloraceae
K. sapindaceae
L. verbenaceae
