Module 7: Connecting and Communicating in the Modern World Flashcards
1
Q
how much more likely are people with positive relationships to survive over time
A
50%
2
Q
define intimate connectedness
A
relationship that makes you feel who you are is affirmed
3
Q
define intimate relationships
A
- relationships with family members, friends, and romantic partners
- characterized by behavioral interdependence, need fulfillment, emotional attachment, and emotional availability
4
Q
define behavioral interdependence
A
- mutual impact that people have on each other as their lives intertwine
- what one person does influences what the others person wants to do
5
Q
what needs do we fulfill through intimate relationships
A
- intimacy: sharing feelings
- social integration: sharing worries
- nurturance: taking care of
- assistance: help in time of need
- affirmation: reassurance of worth
6
Q
define emotional attachment
A
- feelings of love
- not only sexual relationships
7
Q
define emotional availability
A
ability to give and receive emotions from others without fear of being hurt or rejected
8
Q
when and why is holding back on emotional availability healthy
A
- after a painful breakup
- offers time for introspection, healing, and considering lessons learned
9
Q
define accountability
A
- recognizing responsibility for your own choices and actions
10
Q
define self-nurturance
A
- developing individual potential through a balances and realistic appreciation of self-worth and ability
- being patient with yourself
11
Q
define self-concept
A
- the way you define yourself
- how you view your physical features, emotional states, talents, likes an dislikes, values, and roles
- may define self as activist, mother, honor student, athlete, musician, etc
12
Q
define self-esteem
A
- the way you evaluate or feel about yourself
13
Q
what is the central focus of a family
A
- protect, care for, love, and socialize with one another
- nurturance and support
14
Q
define family of origin
A
- people present in our household during our first years of life
- initially leant about feelings, problems solving, love, intimacy, and gender roles
15
Q
what characteristics are components of romantic relationships
A
- fascination: preoccupied with other person
- exclusivity: relationship takes priority
- sexual desire: physical intimacy
- giving the utmost: sacrifice for other
- being a champion or advocate: ensuring that other succeeds
16
Q
what are the components of the triangular theory of love
A
- intimacy: emotional components
- passion: motivational component
- commitment: cognitive component
17
Q
define the term consummate love
A
a relationship that combines intimacy, passion, and commitment
18
Q
what are the components of Helen Fisher’s predictable theory of love based on brain circuitry and chemistry
A
- imprinting: evolutionary patterns, genetic predispositions, and past experiences trigger romantic attraction
- attraction: neurochemicals produce feelings of euphoria
- attachment: endorphins cause lovers to feel peaceful
- production of a cuddle chemical: oxytocin
19
Q
according to Helen Fisher, why do some people constantly seek out new love
A
- endocrine system secretes hormones (dopamine, norepinephrine, and phenylethylamine) which are similar to amphetamines
- attraction causes natural high but body builds tolerance over time
20
Q
what type of romantic relationship is intimacy only
A
liking
21
Q
what type of romantic relationship is commitment and intimacy
A
companionate love
22
Q
what type of romantic relationship is commitment only
A
empty love
23
Q
what type of romantic relationship is passion and commitment
A
fatuous love
24
Q
what type of romantic relationship is passion only
A
infatuation
25
what type of romantic relationship is intimacy and passion
romantic love
26
define attraction theory
- more than just chemical and psychological processes influence who a person falls in love with
- includes proximity, similarities, reciprocity, and physical attraction
27
what are the four ways that social support is delivered and describe each
- emotional: caring, love, trust, empathy
- instrumental: help and service
- informational: advice, suggestions, and information
- appraisal: information that is useful for self-evaluation
28
what matters when it comes to health: quality or quantity of relationships
quality
29
what is the average number of confidants reported by americans
a little over two per person
30
what percent of americans report have no one they can turn to for discussing important matters
9%
31
who is included in your social network
- neighbors, relatives, classmates, coworkers, friends of friends
32
define social capital
- collective value of people in your social network
33
define relational connectedness
- mutually rewarding face-to-face contact
- deepens each time we interact positively with someone
34
define collective connectedness
- from feelings that you are part of a group beyond yourself
- sense of community, volunteering
35
what percent of americans belong to a local group that strengthens collective connectedness
74%
36
do all cultures have the same ways of communicating
no
37
define self-disclosure
- sharing personal information with others
- can be good or bad
- requires trust in the other person
38
how to overcome fear of self-disclosure
- get to know yourself; feelings, beliefs, thoughts, concerns
- become more accepting of yourself
- be willing to talk about sex; difficult due to US cultural taboos
- choose a safe context for self-disclosure; trust the person you disclose to
- be thoughtful and self-disclosure via social media
39
what are some differences in how men and women communicate
- men: sensitive to subtle messages about status or social hierarchy, less eye contact, sound more abrupt, direct statements, gesture away from the body, difficulty expressing intimate feelings
- women: sensitive to interpersonal meanings, more eye contact, sound more emotional, tentative statements, gesture towards the body, more likely to ask for help
40
when do we listen best
- we believe that the message is important or relevant to us
- the speaker holds our attention
- in the mood to listen; no distractions
41
what are the 3 types of listening
- competitive
- passive
- active
42
define competitive listening
- more interested in explaining our own point of view than in understanding someone else's
43
define passive listening
- listening but not providing verbal or nonverbal feedback
- speaker may feel unsure if the message is being received
44
define active listening
- hearing the words and trying to understand what is being said
- listener confirms understanding by restating message
- shows genuine interest
45
define nonverbal communication
- all unwritten and unspoken messages
- intentional and unintentional
- touch, gestures, interpersonal space, body language, tone of voice, facial expressions
46
are we more likely to believe verbal or nonverbal cues
nonverbal
47
how is digital communications different from face-to-face communication
- digital lacks nonverbal cues; makes communicating challenging
- digital allows for more diverse social network and easily keeping in touch
48
is it likely that using social networking sites decreases social networks
- no
- some evidence suggests that using social networking sites increases your social network
49
what mental disorder does overuse of socail networking sites cause and why
- depression
- envy others lives
50
how many college students admit to possibly being addicted to using their phone
60%
51
why are people more rude online
- anonymity
- invisibility
52
how does technology affect the brain
- rewiring
- causes inability to focus on things; reduced attention span
- strengthens ability to scan information rapidly and efficiently
53
what are 6 steps for conflict resolution
- identify the problem by talking and listening to the other person
- generate several possible solutions
- evaluate the alternative solutions and narrow down solutions to one that work for both parties
- decide on the best solution
- implement the solution
- follow up by checking in with the other person
53
what are the three fundamental elements of trust
- predictability of your partners behavior
- dependability of your partner to emotionally support you
- faith in your partner having positive intentions and behavior
53
define conflict resolution
- systemic approach to resolving differences fairly and constructively
53
define conflict
- emotional state that arises when the behavior of one person interferes with that of another
- not avoidable
- can strengthen relationships
53
define success in a relationship
- whether a couple stays together and remains close over the years
- learning to communicate, respect, and share genuine fondness
54
what are some issues for couples in long-term relationships
- jealousy
- sharing power and responsibility
- communication about unmet expectations
55
define jealousy
- negative reactions evoked by a real or imagine relationship involving one's partner and another person
- indicates underlying problems
56
causes of jealousy
- insecurity or possessiveness
- past experiences of deception or loss
- overdependent on the relationship
- severity of the threat
- high value on sexual exclusivity
- low self-esteem
- fear of losing control
57
define power
- ability to make and implement decisions
58
how did power affect divorce rates in the past century
- women gaining more power by being financially stable
- less likely to stay in abusive or difficult relationships
59
how many women do daily household chores and how many men
- women: 49%
- men: 19%
60
what 4 behavior patterns in couple predict future divorce
- criticism
- defensiveness
- stonewalling
- contempt (biggest predictor)
61
tips for coping with a failed relationship
- acknowledge that you've gone through a rough spot
- seek out trusted friends or professional help
- let go of negative thought patterns and habits
- engage in activities that make you happy
62
have marriages in american been increasing or decreasing
decreasing
63
median age for marriage for men and women in 1960
- men: 23
- women: 20
64
median age for marriage for men and women today
- men: 29
- women: 27
65
how many first time marriages end in divorce
- 30-50%
- higher for second and third marriages
66
what is the difference between monogamy and serial monogamy
- monogamy: exclusive sexual involvement with one partner
- serial monogamy: monogamous relationship with one partner before moving to another monogamous relationship
67
what are the health benefits of a good marriage or unmarried partners who live together
- live longer
- feel happier
- fewer physical and mental problems
- less stress
- less risky personal behaviors
68
what do most americans consider to be the most important trait when choosing a partner
- similar ideas about having and raising children
- followed by a steady job
69
define cohabitation
- relationship of two unmarried people with an intimate connection living together
- over 7 years constitutes common law marriage in some states
70
is cohabitation a predictor for divorce
- no
- used to be but not anymore
71
who is more likely to cohabitate
- lower socioeconomic status
- less religious
- been divorced
- experienced parental divorce or high levels of parental conflict
72
what percent of men and women in the 20 to 34 year old age group have never been married
- men: 67%
- women: 57%
