Module 7: Connecting and Communicating in the Modern World Flashcards

1
Q

how much more likely are people with positive relationships to survive over time

A

50%

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2
Q

define intimate connectedness

A

relationship that makes you feel who you are is affirmed

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3
Q

define intimate relationships

A
  • relationships with family members, friends, and romantic partners
  • characterized by behavioral interdependence, need fulfillment, emotional attachment, and emotional availability
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4
Q

define behavioral interdependence

A
  • mutual impact that people have on each other as their lives intertwine
  • what one person does influences what the others person wants to do
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5
Q

what needs do we fulfill through intimate relationships

A
  • intimacy: sharing feelings
  • social integration: sharing worries
  • nurturance: taking care of
  • assistance: help in time of need
  • affirmation: reassurance of worth
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6
Q

define emotional attachment

A
  • feelings of love
  • not only sexual relationships
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7
Q

define emotional availability

A

ability to give and receive emotions from others without fear of being hurt or rejected

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8
Q

when and why is holding back on emotional availability healthy

A
  • after a painful breakup
  • offers time for introspection, healing, and considering lessons learned
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9
Q

define accountability

A
  • recognizing responsibility for your own choices and actions
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10
Q

define self-nurturance

A
  • developing individual potential through a balances and realistic appreciation of self-worth and ability
  • being patient with yourself
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11
Q

define self-concept

A
  • the way you define yourself
  • how you view your physical features, emotional states, talents, likes an dislikes, values, and roles
  • may define self as activist, mother, honor student, athlete, musician, etc
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12
Q

define self-esteem

A
  • the way you evaluate or feel about yourself
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13
Q

what is the central focus of a family

A
  • protect, care for, love, and socialize with one another
  • nurturance and support
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14
Q

define family of origin

A
  • people present in our household during our first years of life
  • initially leant about feelings, problems solving, love, intimacy, and gender roles
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15
Q

what characteristics are components of romantic relationships

A
  • fascination: preoccupied with other person
  • exclusivity: relationship takes priority
  • sexual desire: physical intimacy
  • giving the utmost: sacrifice for other
  • being a champion or advocate: ensuring that other succeeds
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16
Q

what are the components of the triangular theory of love

A
  • intimacy: emotional components
  • passion: motivational component
  • commitment: cognitive component
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17
Q

define the term consummate love

A

a relationship that combines intimacy, passion, and commitment

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18
Q

what are the components of Helen Fisher’s predictable theory of love based on brain circuitry and chemistry

A
  • imprinting: evolutionary patterns, genetic predispositions, and past experiences trigger romantic attraction
  • attraction: neurochemicals produce feelings of euphoria
  • attachment: endorphins cause lovers to feel peaceful
  • production of a cuddle chemical: oxytocin
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19
Q

according to Helen Fisher, why do some people constantly seek out new love

A
  • endocrine system secretes hormones (dopamine, norepinephrine, and phenylethylamine) which are similar to amphetamines
  • attraction causes natural high but body builds tolerance over time
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20
Q

what type of romantic relationship is intimacy only

A

liking

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21
Q

what type of romantic relationship is commitment and intimacy

A

companionate love

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22
Q

what type of romantic relationship is commitment only

A

empty love

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23
Q

what type of romantic relationship is passion and commitment

A

fatuous love

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24
Q

what type of romantic relationship is passion only

A

infatuation

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25
what type of romantic relationship is intimacy and passion
romantic love
26
define attraction theory
- more than just chemical and psychological processes influence who a person falls in love with - includes proximity, similarities, reciprocity, and physical attraction
27
what are the four ways that social support is delivered and describe each
- emotional: caring, love, trust, empathy - instrumental: help and service - informational: advice, suggestions, and information - appraisal: information that is useful for self-evaluation
28
what matters when it comes to health: quality or quantity of relationships
quality
29
what is the average number of confidants reported by americans
a little over two per person
30
what percent of americans report have no one they can turn to for discussing important matters
9%
31
who is included in your social network
- neighbors, relatives, classmates, coworkers, friends of friends
32
define social capital
- collective value of people in your social network
33
define relational connectedness
- mutually rewarding face-to-face contact - deepens each time we interact positively with someone
34
define collective connectedness
- from feelings that you are part of a group beyond yourself - sense of community, volunteering
35
what percent of americans belong to a local group that strengthens collective connectedness
74%
36
do all cultures have the same ways of communicating
no
37
define self-disclosure
- sharing personal information with others - can be good or bad - requires trust in the other person
38
how to overcome fear of self-disclosure
- get to know yourself; feelings, beliefs, thoughts, concerns - become more accepting of yourself - be willing to talk about sex; difficult due to US cultural taboos - choose a safe context for self-disclosure; trust the person you disclose to - be thoughtful and self-disclosure via social media
39
what are some differences in how men and women communicate
- men: sensitive to subtle messages about status or social hierarchy, less eye contact, sound more abrupt, direct statements, gesture away from the body, difficulty expressing intimate feelings - women: sensitive to interpersonal meanings, more eye contact, sound more emotional, tentative statements, gesture towards the body, more likely to ask for help
40
when do we listen best
- we believe that the message is important or relevant to us - the speaker holds our attention - in the mood to listen; no distractions
41
what are the 3 types of listening
- competitive - passive - active
42
define competitive listening
- more interested in explaining our own point of view than in understanding someone else's
43
define passive listening
- listening but not providing verbal or nonverbal feedback - speaker may feel unsure if the message is being received
44
define active listening
- hearing the words and trying to understand what is being said - listener confirms understanding by restating message - shows genuine interest
45
define nonverbal communication
- all unwritten and unspoken messages - intentional and unintentional - touch, gestures, interpersonal space, body language, tone of voice, facial expressions
46
are we more likely to believe verbal or nonverbal cues
nonverbal
47
how is digital communications different from face-to-face communication
- digital lacks nonverbal cues; makes communicating challenging - digital allows for more diverse social network and easily keeping in touch
48
is it likely that using social networking sites decreases social networks
- no - some evidence suggests that using social networking sites increases your social network
49
what mental disorder does overuse of socail networking sites cause and why
- depression - envy others lives
50
how many college students admit to possibly being addicted to using their phone
60%
51
why are people more rude online
- anonymity - invisibility
52
how does technology affect the brain
- rewiring - causes inability to focus on things; reduced attention span - strengthens ability to scan information rapidly and efficiently
53
what are 6 steps for conflict resolution
- identify the problem by talking and listening to the other person - generate several possible solutions - evaluate the alternative solutions and narrow down solutions to one that work for both parties - decide on the best solution - implement the solution - follow up by checking in with the other person
53
what are the three fundamental elements of trust
- predictability of your partners behavior - dependability of your partner to emotionally support you - faith in your partner having positive intentions and behavior
53
define conflict resolution
- systemic approach to resolving differences fairly and constructively
53
define conflict
- emotional state that arises when the behavior of one person interferes with that of another - not avoidable - can strengthen relationships
53
define success in a relationship
- whether a couple stays together and remains close over the years - learning to communicate, respect, and share genuine fondness
54
what are some issues for couples in long-term relationships
- jealousy - sharing power and responsibility - communication about unmet expectations
55
define jealousy
- negative reactions evoked by a real or imagine relationship involving one's partner and another person - indicates underlying problems
56
causes of jealousy
- insecurity or possessiveness - past experiences of deception or loss - overdependent on the relationship - severity of the threat - high value on sexual exclusivity - low self-esteem - fear of losing control
57
define power
- ability to make and implement decisions
58
how did power affect divorce rates in the past century
- women gaining more power by being financially stable - less likely to stay in abusive or difficult relationships
59
how many women do daily household chores and how many men
- women: 49% - men: 19%
60
what 4 behavior patterns in couple predict future divorce
- criticism - defensiveness - stonewalling - contempt (biggest predictor)
61
tips for coping with a failed relationship
- acknowledge that you've gone through a rough spot - seek out trusted friends or professional help - let go of negative thought patterns and habits - engage in activities that make you happy
62
have marriages in american been increasing or decreasing
decreasing
63
median age for marriage for men and women in 1960
- men: 23 - women: 20
64
median age for marriage for men and women today
- men: 29 - women: 27
65
how many first time marriages end in divorce
- 30-50% - higher for second and third marriages
66
what is the difference between monogamy and serial monogamy
- monogamy: exclusive sexual involvement with one partner - serial monogamy: monogamous relationship with one partner before moving to another monogamous relationship
67
what are the health benefits of a good marriage or unmarried partners who live together
- live longer - feel happier - fewer physical and mental problems - less stress - less risky personal behaviors
68
what do most americans consider to be the most important trait when choosing a partner
- similar ideas about having and raising children - followed by a steady job
69
define cohabitation
- relationship of two unmarried people with an intimate connection living together - over 7 years constitutes common law marriage in some states
70
is cohabitation a predictor for divorce
- no - used to be but not anymore
71
who is more likely to cohabitate
- lower socioeconomic status - less religious - been divorced - experienced parental divorce or high levels of parental conflict
72
what percent of men and women in the 20 to 34 year old age group have never been married
- men: 67% - women: 57%