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HLTH 231 > Module 7: Connecting and Communicating in the Modern World > Flashcards

Module 7: Connecting and Communicating in the Modern World Flashcards

1
Q

how much more likely are people with positive relationships to survive over time

A

50%

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2
Q

define intimate connectedness

A

relationship that makes you feel who you are is affirmed

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3
Q

define intimate relationships

A
  • relationships with family members, friends, and romantic partners
  • characterized by behavioral interdependence, need fulfillment, emotional attachment, and emotional availability
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4
Q

define behavioral interdependence

A
  • mutual impact that people have on each other as their lives intertwine
  • what one person does influences what the others person wants to do
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5
Q

what needs do we fulfill through intimate relationships

A
  • intimacy: sharing feelings
  • social integration: sharing worries
  • nurturance: taking care of
  • assistance: help in time of need
  • affirmation: reassurance of worth
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6
Q

define emotional attachment

A
  • feelings of love
  • not only sexual relationships
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7
Q

define emotional availability

A

ability to give and receive emotions from others without fear of being hurt or rejected

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8
Q

when and why is holding back on emotional availability healthy

A
  • after a painful breakup
  • offers time for introspection, healing, and considering lessons learned
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9
Q

define accountability

A
  • recognizing responsibility for your own choices and actions
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10
Q

define self-nurturance

A
  • developing individual potential through a balances and realistic appreciation of self-worth and ability
  • being patient with yourself
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11
Q

define self-concept

A
  • the way you define yourself
  • how you view your physical features, emotional states, talents, likes an dislikes, values, and roles
  • may define self as activist, mother, honor student, athlete, musician, etc
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12
Q

define self-esteem

A
  • the way you evaluate or feel about yourself
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13
Q

what is the central focus of a family

A
  • protect, care for, love, and socialize with one another
  • nurturance and support
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14
Q

define family of origin

A
  • people present in our household during our first years of life
  • initially leant about feelings, problems solving, love, intimacy, and gender roles
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15
Q

what characteristics are components of romantic relationships

A
  • fascination: preoccupied with other person
  • exclusivity: relationship takes priority
  • sexual desire: physical intimacy
  • giving the utmost: sacrifice for other
  • being a champion or advocate: ensuring that other succeeds
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16
Q

what are the components of the triangular theory of love

A
  • intimacy: emotional components
  • passion: motivational component
  • commitment: cognitive component
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17
Q

define the term consummate love

A

a relationship that combines intimacy, passion, and commitment

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18
Q

what are the components of Helen Fisher’s predictable theory of love based on brain circuitry and chemistry

A
  • imprinting: evolutionary patterns, genetic predispositions, and past experiences trigger romantic attraction
  • attraction: neurochemicals produce feelings of euphoria
  • attachment: endorphins cause lovers to feel peaceful
  • production of a cuddle chemical: oxytocin
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19
Q

according to Helen Fisher, why do some people constantly seek out new love

A
  • endocrine system secretes hormones (dopamine, norepinephrine, and phenylethylamine) which are similar to amphetamines
  • attraction causes natural high but body builds tolerance over time
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20
Q

what type of romantic relationship is intimacy only

A

liking

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21
Q

what type of romantic relationship is commitment and intimacy

A

companionate love

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22
Q

what type of romantic relationship is commitment only

A

empty love

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23
Q

what type of romantic relationship is passion and commitment

A

fatuous love

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24
Q

what type of romantic relationship is passion only

A

infatuation

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25
Q

what type of romantic relationship is intimacy and passion

A

romantic love

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26
Q

define attraction theory

A
  • more than just chemical and psychological processes influence who a person falls in love with
  • includes proximity, similarities, reciprocity, and physical attraction
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27
Q

what are the four ways that social support is delivered and describe each

A
  • emotional: caring, love, trust, empathy
  • instrumental: help and service
  • informational: advice, suggestions, and information
  • appraisal: information that is useful for self-evaluation
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28
Q

what matters when it comes to health: quality or quantity of relationships

A

quality

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29
Q

what is the average number of confidants reported by americans

A

a little over two per person

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30
Q

what percent of americans report have no one they can turn to for discussing important matters

A

9%

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31
Q

who is included in your social network

A
  • neighbors, relatives, classmates, coworkers, friends of friends
32
Q

define social capital

A
  • collective value of people in your social network
33
Q

define relational connectedness

A
  • mutually rewarding face-to-face contact
  • deepens each time we interact positively with someone
34
Q

define collective connectedness

A
  • from feelings that you are part of a group beyond yourself
  • sense of community, volunteering
35
Q

what percent of americans belong to a local group that strengthens collective connectedness

A

74%

36
Q

do all cultures have the same ways of communicating

A

no

37
Q

define self-disclosure

A
  • sharing personal information with others
  • can be good or bad
  • requires trust in the other person
38
Q

how to overcome fear of self-disclosure

A
  • get to know yourself; feelings, beliefs, thoughts, concerns
  • become more accepting of yourself
  • be willing to talk about sex; difficult due to US cultural taboos
  • choose a safe context for self-disclosure; trust the person you disclose to
  • be thoughtful and self-disclosure via social media
39
Q

what are some differences in how men and women communicate

A
  • men: sensitive to subtle messages about status or social hierarchy, less eye contact, sound more abrupt, direct statements, gesture away from the body, difficulty expressing intimate feelings
  • women: sensitive to interpersonal meanings, more eye contact, sound more emotional, tentative statements, gesture towards the body, more likely to ask for help
40
Q

when do we listen best

A
  • we believe that the message is important or relevant to us
  • the speaker holds our attention
  • in the mood to listen; no distractions
41
Q

what are the 3 types of listening

A
  • competitive
  • passive
  • active
42
Q

define competitive listening

A
  • more interested in explaining our own point of view than in understanding someone else’s
43
Q

define passive listening

A
  • listening but not providing verbal or nonverbal feedback
  • speaker may feel unsure if the message is being received
44
Q

define active listening

A
  • hearing the words and trying to understand what is being said
  • listener confirms understanding by restating message
  • shows genuine interest
45
Q

define nonverbal communication

A
  • all unwritten and unspoken messages
  • intentional and unintentional
  • touch, gestures, interpersonal space, body language, tone of voice, facial expressions
46
Q

are we more likely to believe verbal or nonverbal cues

A

nonverbal

47
Q

how is digital communications different from face-to-face communication

A
  • digital lacks nonverbal cues; makes communicating challenging
  • digital allows for more diverse social network and easily keeping in touch
48
Q

is it likely that using social networking sites decreases social networks

A
  • no
  • some evidence suggests that using social networking sites increases your social network
49
Q

what mental disorder does overuse of socail networking sites cause and why

A
  • depression
  • envy others lives
50
Q

how many college students admit to possibly being addicted to using their phone

A

60%

51
Q

why are people more rude online

A
  • anonymity
  • invisibility
52
Q

how does technology affect the brain

A
  • rewiring
  • causes inability to focus on things; reduced attention span
  • strengthens ability to scan information rapidly and efficiently
53
Q

what are 6 steps for conflict resolution

A
  • identify the problem by talking and listening to the other person
  • generate several possible solutions
  • evaluate the alternative solutions and narrow down solutions to one that work for both parties
  • decide on the best solution
  • implement the solution
  • follow up by checking in with the other person
53
Q

what are the three fundamental elements of trust

A
  • predictability of your partners behavior
  • dependability of your partner to emotionally support you
  • faith in your partner having positive intentions and behavior
53
Q

define conflict resolution

A
  • systemic approach to resolving differences fairly and constructively
53
Q

define conflict

A
  • emotional state that arises when the behavior of one person interferes with that of another
  • not avoidable
  • can strengthen relationships
53
Q

define success in a relationship

A
  • whether a couple stays together and remains close over the years
  • learning to communicate, respect, and share genuine fondness
54
Q

what are some issues for couples in long-term relationships

A
  • jealousy
  • sharing power and responsibility
  • communication about unmet expectations
55
Q

define jealousy

A
  • negative reactions evoked by a real or imagine relationship involving one’s partner and another person
  • indicates underlying problems
56
Q

causes of jealousy

A
  • insecurity or possessiveness
  • past experiences of deception or loss
  • overdependent on the relationship
  • severity of the threat
  • high value on sexual exclusivity
  • low self-esteem
  • fear of losing control
57
Q

define power

A
  • ability to make and implement decisions
58
Q

how did power affect divorce rates in the past century

A
  • women gaining more power by being financially stable
  • less likely to stay in abusive or difficult relationships
59
Q

how many women do daily household chores and how many men

A
  • women: 49%
  • men: 19%
60
Q

what 4 behavior patterns in couple predict future divorce

A
  • criticism
  • defensiveness
  • stonewalling
  • contempt (biggest predictor)
61
Q

tips for coping with a failed relationship

A
  • acknowledge that you’ve gone through a rough spot
  • seek out trusted friends or professional help
  • let go of negative thought patterns and habits
  • engage in activities that make you happy
62
Q

have marriages in american been increasing or decreasing

A

decreasing

63
Q

median age for marriage for men and women in 1960

A
  • men: 23
  • women: 20
64
Q

median age for marriage for men and women today

A
  • men: 29
  • women: 27
65
Q

how many first time marriages end in divorce

A
  • 30-50%
  • higher for second and third marriages
66
Q

what is the difference between monogamy and serial monogamy

A
  • monogamy: exclusive sexual involvement with one partner
  • serial monogamy: monogamous relationship with one partner before moving to another monogamous relationship
67
Q

what are the health benefits of a good marriage or unmarried partners who live together

A
  • live longer
  • feel happier
  • fewer physical and mental problems
  • less stress
  • less risky personal behaviors
68
Q

what do most americans consider to be the most important trait when choosing a partner

A
  • similar ideas about having and raising children
  • followed by a steady job
69
Q

define cohabitation

A
  • relationship of two unmarried people with an intimate connection living together
  • over 7 years constitutes common law marriage in some states
70
Q

is cohabitation a predictor for divorce

A
  • no
  • used to be but not anymore
71
Q

who is more likely to cohabitate

A
  • lower socioeconomic status
  • less religious
  • been divorced
  • experienced parental divorce or high levels of parental conflict
72
Q

what percent of men and women in the 20 to 34 year old age group have never been married

A
  • men: 67%
  • women: 57%

HLTH 231 (14 decks)

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