Module 15: Making Smart Health Care Choices Flashcards
1
Q
define self-care
A
- knowing your body, paying attention to its signals, and taking appropriate actions to stop the progression of illness or injury
- useful for minor illness or injury
2
Q
define malpractice
A
- improper or negligent treatment by a health practitioner that results in loss, injury, or harm to the patient
3
Q
what is the third leading cause of preventable death in america
A
- preventable medical error
4
Q
what are your rights as a paitent
A
- informed consent
- knowing whether treatment is standard or experimental
- make decisions on your health care
- confidentiality
- receive adequate health care and refuse treatment
- access to all your medical records
- continuity of care
- seek opinions of other health care professionals
- courtesy, respect, dignity, responsiveness, and timely attention
5
Q
define informed consent
A
- acknowledgement that you have been told of the potential risks and benefits of a recommended test or treatment, understand what you have been told, and agree to the care
6
Q
define placebo
A
- inactive substance used as a control in a clinical test to determine the effectiveness of a particular drug
- placebo effect occurs when patients are given a placebo drug and experience an improved state of health because of belief that they are receiving something that will be beneficial
7
Q
define allopathic medicine
A
- conventional health care, mainstream medicine, western medical practice
- dominant type of health care in developed world
- says illness is a result of exposure to harmful environmental agents or organic changes in the body
8
Q
define evidence-based medicine
A
- decisions regarding patient care based on clinical expertise, patient values, and current best scientific evidence
9
Q
define primary care practitioner (PCP)
A
- medical practitioner who provides preventative care and treats routine ailments, gives medical advice, and makes appropriate referrals when necessary
10
Q
define osteopath
A
- general practitioner who receives training similar to a medical doctor’s but with an emphasis on the skeletal and muscular systems
- may use spinal manipulation as part of treatment
11
Q
define ophthalmologist
A
- physicians who specializes in the medical and surgical care of the eyes, including prescriptions for lenses
12
Q
define optometrist
A
- eye specialist whose practice is limited to prescribing and fitting lenses to correct vision problems
13
Q
define dentist
A
- physicians who diagnoses and treats diseases of the teeth, gums, and oral cavity
14
Q
define nurse
A
- health professional who provides patient care in a variety of settings
15
Q
define nurse practitioner (NP)
A
- nurse with advanced training obtained through either a master’s degree program or a specialized nurse practitioner program
16
Q
define physician assistant (PA)
A
- health care practitioner trained to handle most routine care under the supervision of a physician
17
Q
define premium
A
- payment made to an insurance carrier
- usually in monthly installments
- covers the cost of an insurance policy
18
Q
define deductible
A
- payments made for health care before insurance coverage kicks in
- ranges from $500 to $5000 annually
19
Q
define copayments
A
- set amounts you pay per service or product received, regardless of total cost
- ex: $20 per doctor visit
20
Q
define coinsurance
A
- percentage of costs that you must pay based on the terms of the policy
- ex: you pay 20% of total bill and insurance company pays 80%
21
Q
define managed care
A
- type of health insurance plan based on coordination of care and cost-reduction strategies
- emphasizes health education and preventative care
- includes HMOs, PPOs, and POSs
22
Q
define capitation
A
- prepayment of a fixed monthly amount for each patient without regard to the type or number of services provided
23
Q
define health maintenance organizations (HMOs)
A
- usually least expensive
- most restrictive: patient required to use physicians in network, must get referral from PCP to specialist
- low or no deductible, coinsurance, and copayments
24
Q
define preferred provider organizations (PPOs)
A
- networks of independent doctors and hospitals
- more choices of providers than HMOs
- less likely to coordinate patient’s care
25
Q
define point of service
A
- hybrid of HMO and PPO
- members select in network PCP
- can go to nonnetwork providers for care without a referral and must pay extra cost
26
Q
define independent practice association
A
- independent physicians who maintain their own offices
- enroll members or organization for negotiated fee
27
Q
define exclusive provider organizations
A
- no coverage provided for services outside of the EPO
28
Q
define medicare
A
- federal insurance program
- covers people over the age of 65, permanently disabled people, and people with end-stage kidney failure
29
Q
define medicare
A
- federal-state matching funds program
- provides health insurance to low income people
30
Q
issues facing today’s health care system
A
- access to providers and health insurance
- cost
- quality
