module 6 Flashcards
_________ carry signals to your muscles or glands to help you move and function
Motor impulses
_________ carry signals to your brain to help you touch, taste, smell and see
Sensory impulses
Send electrical signals between your brain, spinal cord and the rest of your body
Spinal nerves
Name the twelve cranial nerves
Olfactory nerve
Optic nerve
Oculomotor nerve
Trochlear nerve
Trigeminal nerve
Abducens nerve
Facial nerve
Vestibulocochlear nerve
Glossopharyngeal nerve
Vagus nerve
Accessory nerve
Hypoglossal nerve
Is composed of all the nerves outside of the brain and spinal cord
Peripheral nervous system (PNS)
Transmits sensory information from the periphery to the CNS
Sensory (Afferent)
Transmits motor commands from the CNS to the periphery
Motor (Efferent)
Voluntary motor control of skeletal muscles
Somatic
Involuntary motor control of smooth and cardiac muscle
Autonomic
Fight or flight response
Sympathetic
Rest and digest response
Parasympathetic
Nerve that transmits information about smell to the brain
Olfactory nerve
Nerve that transmits information to the brain about vision
Optic nerve
Nerve that helps control muscle movements of the eyes
Oculomotor nerve
The second nerve that helps control muscle movements of the eyes
Trochlear nerve
Helps a person to chew and clench the teeth. It also gives sensation to the forehead, eye, upper jaw and lower jaw
Trigeminal nerve
The third nerve that helps control muscle movements of the eyes
Abducens nerve
Nerve that transmits taste for anterior 2/3 of tongue and helps with movement in the muscles of facial expression
Facial nerve
The nerve that helps with a person’s hearing and balance
Vestibulocochlear nerve
Nerve that helps with movement in the trapezius and sternocleidomastoid muscles
Accessory nerve
Nerve that transmits taste from posterior 1/3 tongue and helps with movement in the pharynx muscles
Glossopharyngeal nerve
The nerve that transmits sensory information to the the larynx and helps with movement in the pharynx and larynx
Vagus nerve
The nerve that helps with the movement in the muscles of the tongue
Hypoglossal nerve
Cranial nerve mnemonic
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________ of spinal nerves that carry information through the PNS
31 pairs
Spinal nerves can be identified based __________
On a letter and a number
The letter refers to the region of the spinal cord, the number refers to the level
Once the spinal nerves exit the vertebral column, fibres from the _______ come together and then redistribute into new networks of nerves
Anterior roots
___________ has its cell body within the CNS
The preganglionic neuron
Each ______ contains fibres from a combination of spinal nerves
Plexus
___________ is where the preganglionic and postganglionic neurons meet and communicate
The autonomic ganglion
_____________ is entirely in the PNS
The postganglionic neuron
Orgin of the Sympathetic Nervous System
Spinal cord segment T1-L2
Origin of the Parasympathetic Nervous System
Brainstem and spinal cord segment S2-S4
This gland produces tears
Lacrimal Gland
Control the opening and closing of the eye
Eyelid
Allow you to move your eyes to increase your range of motion
Extrinsic Eye Muscles
Composed of the anterior and posterior chambers, both of which are filled with aqueous humour
Anterior Cavity
The _____ separates the anterior cavity of the eye from the posterior cavity
Lens
Filled with vitreous humour
The posterior compartment
Made up of photoreceptors
Neural Layer
Area where smaller nerve cell axons converge. It is the location we can see when we look into the eye
The optic disc
The _____ is the central area of the retina
macula
The _______ contains the blood vessels that supply the eye with oxygen and nourishment
choroid
The _______ produces aqueous humor
ciliary body
Contains the sphincter and dilator muscles and the colour of our eye
Iris
Represents the structure of the ear that you can touch
External ear
Located within the temporal bone
Middle ear
Small bones located in the middle ear
Ossicles
Chamber in the temporal bone
Tympanic Cavity
Areas at which the middle ear connects to the inner ear
Round and Oval Windows
Connects the middle ear to the nasopharynx
Eustachian Tubes
Contains the receptors for hearing. It looks like a seashell
Cochlea
