Module 5 Flashcards
response
single instance of behavior
behavior
everything a person does
in behavior analysis we collect and graph data on (4)
behavior
environemental events
-antecedents
-consequences
Preparing for data collection (5)
- review the behavior plan
- read/understand instructions
- gather necessary materials
- record important information (date, learner, observer, etc)
- eliminate distractions
materials you will likely need for data collection
-way to measure time
materials you will ALWAYS need
- way to record responses
- operational definition and instructions
operational definition
precise description of bheavior to allow for accurate data collection
2 broad categories of data collection
- continuous
- discontinuous
types of continuous measures (5)
- frequency/count
- rate
- duration
- latency
- inter-response time (IRT)
frequency
-count, number of times a response occurs
tools required to collect frequency data
- operational defintion and instructions
- data sheet and recording instrument
rate (2)
- the number of responses per unit of time
- Rate = count divided by time
importance of rate
allows us to compare data from observational periods of unequal lengths
collecting rate data (5)
- record time oberservation began
- count the responses
- record time observation ended
- divide count by unit of time
- report as rate per unit of time
converting count to rate (2)
- determine simple count based on observation (frequency)
- divide count by time
Tools required to collect rate data (3)
- operatonal def and & instructions
- data sheet and writing instrument
- ways to track time
duration (2)
- characterstic measured: behavior occupies time
- the amount of time response takes (how long a response occurs
duration per session
cumulative amount of time an individual engages in the targt behavior (total duration)
how to convert duration per session to a percent
-divide the amount of time the response lasted by the total time observed (then multiplied by 100)
duration per occurence
can be expressed as an average duration by dividing the total duration by the number of times the behavior occurred
tools required to collect duration data (3)
- operational def and instructions
- data sheet and writing instrument
- way to measure time
Discrete categorization aka…
Coding
discrete categorization (coding)
-classifying responses, prompts or products of behavior based on a coding system
how is discrete categorization (coding) reported
as a % of responses for each category
example of coding
levels of prompts (3)
- verbal prompt
- gestural prompt
- physical prompt
tools required to collect discrete categorization data (2)
- operational definition and instructions
- data sheet and writing instrument
%
a ratio that expresses the likelihood that some event would occur if given 100 opportunities to occur
in ABA % is commonly used for… (3)
- % of intervals
- % occurrence
- % correct responses
percent occurrence
(# responses/total # opportunities) x 100
tools required to collect % correct data (3)
- operational def and instructionns
- including acceptable correct responses for calculating % correct
- data sheet and writing instrument
discontinuous measures DO NOT…
capture every instance of behavior
discontinous measures are aka
time sampling
time sampling (3)
- most measure occurence vs non occurence
- may miss instances of behavior
- an estimate of behavior
Discontinuous measures and larger time samples
-for ALL discontinuous measures, a larger time sample is broken into smaller time intervals
Types of discontinous measures (4)
- partial interval recording (PIR)
- whole interval recording (WIR)
- momentary time sample (MTS)
- PLACHECK
PIR (4)
- total recording time broken into smaller chunks of time
- record if a response occurs at any time during each interval
- behaviors that occur muliple times w/in an interval are scored only once
- calculate the percent of intervals
tools required for PIR and WIR (3)
- operational def and instrunctions
- data sheet w/ intervals and writing instrument
- ways to measure time intervals
WIR (2)
- total recording time is broken into smaller chunks of time
- record if a response occurs throughout the whole interval
diff between momentary time sampling and WIR
-with momentary time sampling only record if a response is occurring at the end of the interval
PLACHECK stands for
Planned Activity Check
PLACHECK
what it is
- total recoding time broken into smaller chunks
- record # of individuals engaged in the target response at the end of the interval (and how many total group members)
permanent products
-measuring the results of behavior or something behavior leaves behind
example of permanent products
diapers in trashcan vs times urinated
type of graphs commonly used
- bar graph
- equal-interval line graph
bar graphs are ideal for (2)
- comparing results among various individuals, groups, or categories
- comparing unrelated variables
bar graphs commonly used for
displaying preference assessment results
equal interval line graphs (4)
- most common graph used in ABA
- ideal for
- showing changes of a measure over time
- comparing related variables
parts of equal-interval line graph beyond x, y axis, and data points (3)
- data path
- phase change lines and labels
- figure legend
how are condition changes depicted on graphs
as a broken line on the graph
involves continous observation of the individual and directly measures characteristics of behavior
continous measurement
data path
the primary focus for anaylsis and interpretation on an equal-interval line graph
discontinuous measures
these types of measurement procedures are not intended to capture every instance of behavior but rather a sample of behavior
duration per occurence
the amount of time that each instance of the target behavior occurs
percent duration
calculated by dividing the amount of time the response lasted by the total time observed then multiplying by 100
percent occurence
calculated by dividing the number of target responses by the total # of opportunities to respond and multiplying by 100
total duration
cumulative amount of time an individual engages in the target behavior
x axis
states what response measure was used to measure the target response
when we record the time between the antecedent stimulus and when the response occurs, we are measuring
latency
momentary time sampling
- total recording time is broken into smaller chunks of time
- record if a response is occurring at the end of the interval
when collecting momentary time sampling on body-rocking, which of the following are minaimal materials required (3)
- timer, clock
- operational definition/ instrument
- data sheet with inervals and pen
