Module 4 (Muscles of the Appendicular Skeleton) Flashcards
Which muscles attach the axial skeleton to the pectoral girdle (shoulder)
Anterior - pectoralis minor and serratus anterior
Posterior - trapezius
Position of the trapezius
Main superficial posterior muscle that attaches the axial skeleton to the pectoral girdle
How do the pectoralis minor and serratus anterior attach to to the pectoral girdle
Via the rib cage
Which muscles attach the axial skeleton to the arm (humerus)
Anterior - pectoralis major
Posterior - latissimus dorsi
Movement of pectoralis major
Flexes the humerus
Movement of latissimus dorsi
Extends the humerus
Which muscle attaches the pectoral girdle to the humerus
The deltoid is the main superficial muscle that moves the humerus
Which joint does the deltoid stabilize
Glenohumeral joint
Movement of deltoid
Abducts the arm
What are the 4 rotator cuff muscles that stabilize the glenohumeral joint (SITS)
Subscapularis
Infraspinatus
Teres minor
Supraspinatus
Which muscles move the forearm
Biceps brachii and triceps brachii
Movement of biceps brachii
Flexes the forearm at the elbow joint
Movement of triceps brachii
Extends the forearm at the elbow joint
Characteristic of biceps brachii
Powerful supinator of the forearm
Which muscles move the wrist (forearm muscles)
Anterior - flexor carpi radialis and flexor carpi ulnaris
Posterior - extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis and extensor carpi ulnaris
Characteristic of the flexor carpi radialis/ulnaris
Flex the wrist
Common origin on the medial epicondyle of the humerus
Named according to the bones they follow
Characteristics of the extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis and the extensor carpi ulnaris
Extend the wrist
Common origin point one the lateral epicondyle of the humerus
Named according to the bones they follow
Other forearm muscle that is less significant
Palmaris longus
Characteristics of palmaris longus
Wrist flexibility
Superficial and inserts into CTs under the skin at the wrist
Which muscles move the thigh
Anterior - iliopsoas
Posterior - glutues maximus, medius, and minimus
Movement of the iliopsoas
Flexes the thigh
Where is the iliopsoas found
Runs from the lower spine and pelvis to the upper thigh bone
Movement of the gluteal region
Extends the thigh
Which muscles move the leg
Anterior - sartorius and quadriceps
Medial - adductors
Posterior - hamstrings
Location and movement of sartorius
Crosses the hip and knee, acting to flex both joints
Location of quadricep muscles
Originate below the hip joint, solely act on the knee
Characteristics of the quadriceps femoris
Muscles come together to form the quadriceps tendon to insert on the patella
Movement of quadriceps femoris
Extends the knee
How does the patella connect to the tibia
Tibial tuberosity via the patellar ligament
Location and movement of adductors
Found in the medial compartment of the thigh
Move the thigh medially with a minor involvement in the movement of the leg by a single muscle component
Movement of hamstrings
Extends the thigh, flexes the knee
Which muscles move the foot and ankle
Anterior - tibialis anterior
Lateral - peroneus (fibularis) longus
Posterior - gastrocnemius and soleus
Movement of the tbials anterior
Extends the foot
Dorsiflexion
Movement of the peroneus (fibularis) longus
Everts the foot
Movement of gastrocnemius and soleus
Flexes the foot
Plantar flexion
Location of solues
Immediately deep to gastrocnemius
What do the gastrocnemius and soleus form
The Achilles tendon
