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ANAT 100 > Module 2 (Bones of the Appendicular Skeleton) > Flashcards

Module 2 (Bones of the Appendicular Skeleton) Flashcards

1
Q

What is the pectoral girdle

A

Connects the upper limbs to the axial skeleton
Formed by the clavicle and scapula

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2
Q

Features of the clavicle

A

S-shaped bone, joins the manubrium of the sternum medially (proximally) and the scapula laterally (distally)

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3
Q

Landmarks of the clavicle

A

Sternal end - articulates with manubrium
Acromial end - articulates with the acromioclavicular joint

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4
Q

Features of the scapula

A

Triangular in shape
Anterior surface
Posterior surface
Lateral surface

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5
Q

What feature does the anterior surface of the scapula have

A

Coracoid process
With the acromion, it helps stabilize the shoulder joint

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6
Q

Features of the posterior surface of the scapula

A

Acromion and spine

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7
Q

Feature of the lateral surface of the scapula

A

Glenoid fossa
Articulates with the head of the humerus to contribute to the shoulder joint

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8
Q

Humerus

A

Single bone of the arm
Articulates proximally with the glenoid fossa of scapula
Articulates distally with the radius and ulna to from the elbow joint

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9
Q

Landmarks of the humerus

A

Head
Shaft
Capitulum
Trochlea
Epicondyles
Olecranon fossa

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10
Q

Head of the humerus

A

Round, ball shaped, faces medially that articulates with glenoid fossa

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11
Q

What can you fins opposite to the head of the humerus

A

Two bumps called the lesser and greater tubercles (lateral)

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12
Q

What is the anatomical neck of the humerus

A

Neck of the humerus that is below the head

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13
Q

Where is the surgical neck of the humerus

A

Below the tubercles
Common side for fractures that require surgery

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14
Q

What is the shaft of the humerus

A

Makes up the majority of the bone

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15
Q

What is the capitulum of the humerus

A

Articulates with the radius on the lateral side

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16
Q

What is the trochlea of the humerus

A

Articulates with the ulna on the medial side

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17
Q

What are epicondyles

A

Lateral and medial epicondyles
Upon our capitulum - lateral epicondyle
Upon our trochlea - medial epicondyle

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18
Q

What is the olecranon fossa

A

Depression on the posterior side of the distal humerus
Articulates with the olecranon process of our ulna

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19
Q

What two bones make up the forearm

A

Radius and ulna

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20
Q

Anatomical position of radius

A

Laterally placed (thumb side) with reference to the forearm

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21
Q

Parts of the radius

A

Head (proximal end)
Shaft
Neck
Styloid process (distal end)

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22
Q

How to identify the head of the radius

A

Round disc-shaped
Articulates with the capitulum (distal end) of humerus
Also articulates with the ulna

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23
Q

Anatomical position of ulna

A

Medially placed (little finger side) with reference to the forearm
Looks like a pipe wrench

24
Q

Parts of the ulna

A

Olecranon and trochlear notch (proximal end)
Shaft
Neck
Head (distal end)
Styloid process

25
Q

What does the proximal end of the ulna articulate with

A

Distal end of humerus

26
Q

What does the olecranon of the ulna articulate with

A

Olecranon fossa of humerus

27
Q

How to identify the trochlear notch of ulna

A

C-shaped depression
Interlocks with trochlea of humerus

28
Q

Bones of the wrist and hand

A

Wrist - 8 carpals (short bones)
Palm - 5 metacarpals (long bones)
Digits - 14 phalanges (long bones)

29
Q

What is the pelvic girdle

A

Attaches the lower limbs to the axial skeleton
Formed by the hip (innominate) bone

29
Q

What bones does the hip consist of

A

Ilium, ischium, and pubis

30
Q

Ilium

A

Largest bone of pelvic girdle
Makes up superior portion of pelvic girdle

31
Q

Ischium and pubis

A

Pubis fuses with ilium and ischium
Unites with the other pubic bone at the pubic symphysis

32
Q

What is the pubis symphysis made of

A

Fibrocartilage

33
Q

Features of the pelvis

A

Greater sciatic notch
Lesser sciatic notch
Acetabulum
Obturator foreman

34
Q

Where is the greater sciatic notch located

A

Between the PIIS and the ischial spine

35
Q

What does the greater sciatic notch allow for

A

Passage of major nerves and vessels from the pelvic cavity into the posterior region of the lower limb

36
Q

Where is the lesser sciatic notch located

A

Between the ischial spine and the ischial tuberosity

37
Q

What does the lesser sciatic notch allow for

A

The passage of structure from the pelvic cavity to the genital region

38
Q

What is the acetabulum

A

Deep curved depression for articulation with the head of femur

39
Q

What is the obturator foreman

A

Large opening on the anterior and inferior aspect of each pelvic girdle for blood vessels

40
Q

Features of the ilium

A

Iliac crest
Iliac spine
Posterior superior iliac spine (PSIS)
Posterior inferior iliac spine (PIIS)
Anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS)
Anterior inferior iliac spine (AIIS)

41
Q

Features of the ischium and pubis

A

Ischial spine
Pubic symphysis
Ischial tuberoisty

42
Q

Proximal end of femur

A

Head of femur articulates with the acetabulum of the pelvic girdle forming the hip joint

43
Q

Distal end of femur

A

Articulates with the tibia and patella forming the knee joint

44
Q

What are the medial and lateral condyles of the femur

A

Parts of the femur that form the knee joint with the tibia

45
Q

What is the patellar surface

A

Articular surface on the anterior aspect of the femur and forms a groove for the patella

46
Q

Tibia

A

Only weight-bearing bone of the leg

47
Q

Features of the tibia

A

Proximal end - medial and lateral condyles, tibial tuberosity
Shaft
Distal end - medial malleolus

48
Q

What do the medial and lateral condyles of the tibia articulate with

A

Medial and lateral condyles of the femur

49
Q

What is the tibial tubersosity

A

Bump below the knee
Point where the patella tendon attaches to the tibia

50
Q

What is the medial malleolus

A

Distal end of tibia that is the bump on the inside of the ankle

51
Q

Fibula

A

Does not bear or transfer and weight
But the lateral malleolus (distal tip of fibula) provides lateral stability to the ankle joint

52
Q

Features of the fibula

A

Proximal end - medial head
Neck
Shaft
Distal end - lateral malleolus

53
Q

What does the medial head of the fibula articulate with

A

Lateral condyle of the tibia

54
Q

What does the lateral malleolus of the fibula articulate with

A

Lateral talus bone of the foot

55
Q

Bones of the ankle and foot

A

Ankle - 7 tarsal (short bones)
Foot - 5 metatarsals (long bones)
Digits - 14 phalanges (long bones)

ANAT 100 (16 decks)

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