Module 4 - Group Decisions & Performance Flashcards

1
Q

Group (3)

A

Individuals who are interdependent
Mutual reliance
Share explicit and implicit goal of harmony and cohesion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Define interdependence

A

Exchange or mutual reliance in a social setting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Natural groups

A

Groups come together spontaneously on the basis of naturally occurring events

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Formed groups

A

Groups formed from outside influence or intervention

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Reference groups

A

Groups who’s norms matter to an individual and impacts their behaviour

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Group leader

A

Has greater influence than the average member of the group

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Group role

A

Position that has norms specifying appropriate behaviours for the occupant of that role

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the 2 phenomena that occur when groups make decision by consensus with the implicit goal of Harmony & Cohesion?

A

Groupthink
Group polarization
Both work together to produce worse group decisions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Describe Groupthink

A

Reduced expression of disagreement and critical scrutiny to prevent risking group cohesion and harmony

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

2 social processes in Groupthink

A

False consensus
Pluralistic Ignorance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

False consensus
(Group Think)

A

Lack of expression of disagreement is taken as silent agreement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Pluralistic Ignorance
(Group Think)

A

Group pretends to not notice a problem that everyone notices

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Describe Group Polarization

A

Magnification of average views to extreme views in a group setting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

2 social processes of Group Polarization

A

Normalisation
Value Affirmation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Normalisation
(Group Polarisation)

A

Exposure to shared/similar positions -> unaware of alternatives

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Value Affirmation
(Group Polarisation)

A

Expressing extreme attitudes to signal loyalty to shared views

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Define Social Facilitation

A

performance is better in the presence of others

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Define Social Interference

A

performance is worse in the presence of others

19
Q

What are the 2 factors of Social Interference and Social facilitation?

A

Co-Action Effects

Audience Effects

20
Q

Co-Action Effects
(Social Interference / Facilitation)

A

Performance is affected by others doing the same thing

21
Q

Audience Effects
(Social Interference / Facilitation)

A

Performance is affected by others watching your behaviour

22
Q

What activities have social facilitation?

A

Works for familiar and easy tasks
Being observed by people can increase physical arousal which does not affect performing physical tasks

23
Q

What activities have social interference?

A

Occurs with difficult, unfamiliar tasks
Being observed by people increase arousal which affect concentration needed to perform difficult tasks

24
Q

Define Social Loafing

A

Putting less effort in group tasks than individual tasks
Because of diffusion of responsibility in large group settings
Free ride on other people’s efforts

25
Q

Defines ‘tragedy of the commons’ dynamic

A

Suspected lack of effort from group members justifies further withdrawal of effort from each individual, leading to lower group effort

26
Q

What is the cause of social loafing?

A

Diffusion of responsibility

27
Q

How do you undermine social loafing?

A

Increase an individual’s responsibility
Delegation of specific roles for accountability
Leadership

28
Q

Social Influence:

A

when our beliefs & behaviours change from exposure to other people’s beliefs and behaviours

29
Q

3 main components to Social influence:

A

Social Norms

Conformity

Obedience

30
Q

Social Norms

A

Unspoken, expected standards of behaviour
Not just normal behaviours, but what is considered right behaviours

31
Q

normative standard

A

Behaviours that are considered normal and correct in a social situation

32
Q

Conformity

A

Tendency to align behaviour to the norms of others

33
Q

Informational Influence

A

Norm must exist for good reason
Follow along group consensus cause wish to do the correct thing

34
Q

Normative Influence

A

Others will disapprove if we violate the social norm
Fear of scrutiny

35
Q

Factors affecting Conformity

A

Group size (larger groups -> more conformity)
Dissention (if one member objects -> less conformity)
Personality (low self esteem -> more conformity
Culture (Collectivist cultures -> more conformity)
Gender (no proof)
Age (younger -> more conformity)

36
Q

Define Obedience

A

Suspending own judgement to follow instruction from authority
In extreme examples, people may act against their own conscience or best interests to comply with the authority figure

37
Q

Factors affecting obedience (2)

A

Proximity
Legitimacy of authority

38
Q

Understanding group processes allows allied health group to

A

Develop targeted evidence based allied health group programs
Become an effective facilitator of AH groups
Understand and influence group behaviours & outcomes
Successfully work in AH teams -> benefit client and colleagues

39
Q

Tuckman Stages of Group Development (1965) (5)

A

Stage 1 - Forming
Stage 2 - Storming
Stage 3 - Norming
Stage 4 - Performing
Stage 5 - Adjourning

40
Q

Stage 1 - Forming
(Tuckman Stages of Group Development)

A

Define task & how it is accomplished
Develop group identity & norms

41
Q

Stage 2 - Storming

A

Members resist tasks & approaches
conflict

42
Q

Stage 3 - Norming

A

Develop team closeness
Establish ground rules -> harmony + avoid conflict

43
Q

Stage 4 - Performing

A

Work together effectively
Understand strengths & weaknesses

44
Q

Stage 5 - Adjourning

A

Group breaks up