Module 4 (Chapter 10) Flashcards
Intelligence Test
Mean to measure intelligence
Intelligence
A sociologically constructed concept - the ability to acquire knowledge, think and reason effectively and deal adaptively with the environment
General Intelligence
G-Factor - the core of intelligence - psychometric prespective
Factor Analysis
Statistical technique - reduces large number of measures to a smaller number of factors/clusters - each cluster has variables that are highly correlated with each but less correlated with other clusters.
Savant Syndrome
People with various developmental disorders and having an amazing ability and talent
Creativity
the use of imagination or original ideas
Emotional Intelligence
Ability to read and respond to other’s emotions, motivate, control, and regulate one’s own emotions
Mental Age
Alfred Binet - the mental level you preform at according to your age (if an 8 year old preforms that same as 10 yr old, has 10 year old mental age)
Standford-Binet
Lewis Terman - rewrote and improved Alfred Binet’s tests for American culture
Intelligence Quotient (IQ)
William Stern - Ratio of Mental age to chronological age multiplied by 100 ([mental age/chronological age]x100) ([10/8]x100=125)
Achievement test
Assess what people have already learned so far in life
Achievement test
Assess what people have already learned so far in life
Aptitude Test
Predict a person’s future preformance; capacity to learn; difficult to design test
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)
Intelligence test for adults with verbal and nonverbal intellectual skills. - 1939 - David Wechsler
Standardization
2 meanings Development of norms and Rigorously controlled testing procedure
Normal Curve
Probability of distribution that is symmetric of the mean
Reliability
Consistency of measuerment - Consistency overtime and scores assigned by different examiners
Validity
how well the test measures what it was designed to measure
Construct Validity
successfully measures the psychological construct it is designed to measure, indicated by relations between test scores and other behaviours it should be related too
Content Validity
the items on a test measure all the knowledge or skill that are assumed to underlie the construct of interest
Predictive Validity
The ability for a test/measurement to predict future outcome
Intellectual Disability
Mild, moderate, severe and profound - limits to a person’s ability to learn and function in daily life. - lower end of IQ
Down syndrome
An individual has extra chromosome - genetic disorder
Stereotype Threat
A socially premised psychological threat, in situation/doing something where a negative stereotype about group applies
Define Intelligence
- A socially constructed concept - ability to acquire knowledge, think and reason effectively and adapt to environmental situations
Explain Triarchic theory of Intelligence
intelligence is composed of three parts - practical, cognitive, and analytical - Practical = ability to cope with everyday commands - Analytical = academic problem-solving and computations - Cognitive = inventing/imagining solution to problem/situation (Robert Sternberg)
Identify the difference between intelligence theories
Spearmans two-factor (g-factor)
Sternberg Triarchic Theory
Gardner’s Multiple Intelligence theory
Caroll’s 3 Stratum
Fluid and Crystallized intelligence
Explain Emotional Intelligence
Abillity to read and and respond to other’s emotions as well as control, recognize, and be aware of your own emotions
Explain how intelligence test’s were invented
Alfred Binet coined Mental Age, and with it created the first intelligence test. William Stern expanded on Binet’s mental age creating the intelligence quotient (IQ) using mental age divided by chronological age times by 100. Then Terman expanded on them more and translated them into engl and western culture. Wechsler created a verbal and non-verbal intelligence from Termans which has been revised and still used today.
Describe the history of the use of IQ tests
Alfred Binet used them to for struggling children in schools, Used to get into military
Describe purpose and benefits of intelligence testing
Measuring reasoning and problem solving abilities, they can provide important information about someones intellectual development
Describe how genetics and environment affect intelligence
Heritability coefficents = 0.5-0.7
environment accounts for 30-50% of IQ variations
Nurtrients, stimulating environment
explain relationship between IQ scores and socioeconomic status
Higher IQ preform better at job, better income
correlates 0.5-0.7 with socioeconomic status that people attain
Describe the difference between a learning disability and developmental disorder
Learning disabilites are within developmental disorders,
developmental disorders also include ADHD, autism, down syndrome. Learning Disabilites include dyslexia…
