Module 4

Question 1

A client tests positive in spurling test, Explain local pain:

Answer 1

Cervical Facet Joint Irritation on side being tested

Question 2

A client tests positive in spurling test, Explain Radiating pain:

Answer 2

Neurological pain in the affected arm indicates nerve root compression

Question 3

What nerve roots comprise of the Brachial Plexus?

Answer 3

C5-C8, T1

Question 4

What is the nerve root path of the brachial plexus?

Answer 4

In between the anterior and middle scale, underneath the clavicle, underneath the pectoralis minor.

Question 5

What structures can be compressed with TOS?

Answer 5

Brachial Plexus, Subclavian Artery, Subclavian Vein.

Question 6

What are the three areas on the sites of impingement of the brachial plexus?

Answer 6

Between the middle and anterior scalene, Between the clavicle and 1st rib, between rib cage and pec minor

Question 7

What are some conditions that can rise from Whiplash?

Answer 7

Memory loss, concentration problems, sleep impairment, fatigue, depression, distress.

Question 8

Name structure and purpose of facet joints

Answer 8

Each Vertebrae has four facets, two superior, two inferior, and guides appropriate movement of the spine. Each has joint capsules

Question 9

What muscle is likely in chronic spasm after whiplash?

Answer 9

Longus Colli

Question 10

What are the structures of the anterior triangle of the neck?

Answer 10

Sternocleidomastoid, mandible, trachea

Question 11

What does the Alar Ligament do?

Answer 11

Prevents Excessive Rotation

Question 12

How many nerves are in the cervical spine?

Answer 12

8

Question 13

What does the alar ligament attach to?

Answer 13

Dens of C2 (axis, limits rotation

Question 14

What is the main support ligament for C1 (atlas) and becomes the cruciform ligament?

Answer 14

Transverse Ligament

Question 15

What ligament runs down the anterior spine and limits extension?

Answer 15

Anterior longitudinal ligament (ALL)

Question 16

What ligament runs down the anterior spine and limits extension?

Answer 16

Anterior longitudinal ligament (ALL)

Question 17

What ligament runs down the posterior spine and limits flexion and distraction.

Answer 17

Posterior longitudinal Ligament

Question 18

What are the structures of the posterior triangle of the neck?

Answer 18

Sternocleidomastoid, trapezius, clavicle

Question 19

Name 3 things in the anterior triangle

Answer 19

Carotoid artery, jugular vein, cervical lymph nodes

Question 20

Name three things in the posterior triangle

Answer 20

Subclavian artery, jugular vein, cervical lymph nodes

Question 21

What structures go through the axilla endangerment site?

Answer 21

Axillary, median, radial, axillary lymph nodes, axillary artery

Question 22

Ulnar nerve

Answer 22

C8-T1

Question 23

What does the cervical plexus innervate?

Answer 23

The skin, muscles of the head, neck, superior part of shoulders and neck
C3-5 keeps the diaphragm alive!

Question 24

The brachial plexus is innervates the what

Answer 24

Ventral rami of the lower 4 cervical vertebrae and T1

Question 25

What is Hemiplegia?

Answer 25

Paralysis of one side of the body due to a brain lesion. Keep treatment short. Alternate between upper and lower body extremities

Question 26

What structures can the pectoral is minor compress against the rib cage?

Answer 26

The brachial plexus, subclavian artery and vein

Question 27

Name three trigger points and give description of each

Answer 27

Active- painful without palpation
Latent-painful once palpated
Satellite -found in the referral pattern of existing trigger point.

Question 28

What are the three varieties of Torticollis?

Answer 28

1.acute acquired-most common variety shortening of cervical muscles which cause spasm
2. Congenital Torticollis-birthing trauma
3. Spasmodic Torticollis- results mainly from brain dysfunction.