Module 3.2 THE SEXUAL SELF Flashcards
is influenced by physical, psychological,
spiritual and cultural factors. As sexual beings, people are identified by gender, role, assignment and perception
Human sexuality
is defined as how one thinks about himself or herself as a sexual individual. Human sexuality is a topic that just like beauty is culturally diverse
Sexual selfhood
In Ancient Greece, it is the male that assumes the
dominant role
Historical
The male symbol, the __, was viewed as the symbol
of fertility and how the male body structured was greatly admire
Penis
Wives were considered as an object
Forbidden to own property and to have legal and political rights
Not even allowed to read or write
The only function was to bear children
Historical
Greek word for women means bearer of children
Gyne
Historical
The church decreed that all sexual acts that do not lead to procreation were considered evil
The Middle Ages
(476 –1450)
Historical
The reason for sexual intimacy was to strengthen the physical and emotional bon between husbands and wives not just for procreation
Protestant Formation of the 16th Century
(1483-1546)
Historical
Puritans had positive views on marital sex and did not condone sex outside marriage
By the 17th and 18th century
Historical
Women were told that they should not enjoy having sex, if they did, there was something wrong with them;
Ejaculating more than once month would greatly weaken a man and masturbation leads to blindness, insanity and death
The Victorian Era (1873 - 1901)
Historical
Sexuality became more evident and accepted in society
20th Century
The brain initiates and organizes sexual behavior
The next generation of human beings are created by the fusion of the egg and sperm cell
Biological
Biological
Breasts enlarge
Voice becomes much lower (breaks)
Hair growth under arms and pubic area
Hair growth on chest, face, underarms, arms, legs and pubic area
Hip widens
Increase in muscle size
Skin becomes oily and pores enlarge
Secondary Sec Characteristics
Biology
Ovaries
Penis
Fallopian tubes
Scrotum
Uterus
Vagina
Seminal Vesicles and prostate glands
Primary Sex Characteristics
Male reproductive system
Female reproductive system
Biological
In the first weeks of gestation, the internal as well as the external genital structures of all human fetus are the same.
Biological
The gender of the baby is conspicuous within ___ to ___ weeks of pregnancy
16th to 18th
the threadlike structures found in the nucleus of the cell of the body are composed of genes which are the basic unit of heredity
Chromosomes
Sociological/Evolutionary
A process by which organisms that are best suited to their environment are most likely to survive
Natural Selection
Sociological/Evolutionary
On the basis of human sexual behavior, it all begins with
Physical attraction
Sexual preference for females with big breast and males with broad shoulders and muscular torsos is instinctively more genetic survival than for pleasure or social status
Sociological/Evolutionary
Psychological
Sexuality is not a mere physical response. But, it involves emotions, thoughts and beliefs
Rosenthal (2013)
But according to ___, humans are faced with two forces
✔ Sex instinct or libido (pleasure)
✔ Aggressive instinct (harm toward oneself or towards others)
Freud
Psychological
What are the 5 stages of Freud’s Psychosexual stages of development
Oral stage
Anal stage
Phallic stage
Latency stage
Genital stage
Seeks for pleasure and aggression
Id (Pleasure principle)
Thinks of ways to satisfy the need in an acceptable manner
Ego (Analytical principle)
Person’s sense of morality
Superego (moral principle)
Religious
Holds a positive and natural outlook toward
marital sex which they consider as blessed by
God and pleasure for both men and women.
Judaism
Religious
Family is considered of utmost important, and
celibacy within marriage is prohibited
Islam
Religious
Sex is not only natural and healthy, but a sacred union is necessary to people’s physical, mental and spiritual being
Taoism
Religious
Sexuality is seen as spiritual force, and the
act of ritual lovemaking is a means of both
celebrating and transcending the physical
Hinduism
Religious
Marriage is purely for intercourse and procreation
Roman Catholic Church
Sex word derived from the Latin word __ which
means ‘to divide’
secare
the word sexuality means ‘ ____ ’
to unite
has emerged as new phenomenon in adolescence and that it is important that sexuality be viewed as a normal aspect of adolescent development.
Sexual arousal
Adolescent’s ___ includes sexual orientation,
his ability to manage sexual feelings and his capacity to regulate his sexual behavior to avoid undesirable
consequences
sexual identity
refers to the characteristics of people as males or females
Gender
is a set of expectations that prescribes how females
and males should think, act and feel.
Gender role
the biological indicators of male and female or having the capacity to reproduce
Sex and sexual
the initial assignment as male or female which usually occurs at birth.
Gender Assignment
official and usually legal change of gender
Gender Reassignment
a category of social identity that refers to an individual’s identification as male, female or some category other than male or female
Gender Identity
the qualities and behaviors judged by a particular culture to be ideally associated with or especially appropriate to men and boys
Masculine
Qualities and behaviors judged by a particular culture to be ideally associated with or especially appropriate to women and girls
Feminine
both masculine and feminine traits, feelings and
qualities.
Androgyny
Persons who do not experience sexual drives or
attraction to either sex
Asexuals
Persons with an excessive interest in sex to the point where it can cause problems in one’s life
Hypersexual
A tool to identify the different aspects of Human Gender and Sexuality. People’s identities can be fluid. The spectrum shows how people’s identities can be fluid and is also not a universal tool for determining gender, as one’s gender can only be determined by oneself
The sogie spectrum
What does SOGIE means?
Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity Expression
Biological Sex
Female
Intersex
Male
Sexual orientation (A person who is physically, emotionally, and sexually attracted to)
Heterosexual (opp sex)
Homosexual (same sex)
Bisexual (both sex)
Pansexual (all genders)
Asexual (not attracted)
Gender Identity (is a person’s identification of their gender)
Transgender (different from birth sex)
Gender fluid (varies over time)
Cisgender (birth sex = same with gender)
Gender expression (Is how a person presents their gender through actions, clothing etc)
Feminine
Masculine
Gender neutral
Androgynous (both)
The phases of Human Response
(Human Sexual Response Cycle) - HSRC
Excitement
Plateau
Orgasm
Resolution
Initial physical response to sexual arousal
Characterized by an increase in heart rate and
blood pressure as well as heightened muscle
tone
Excitement
Period of sexual excitement prior to orgasm
Characterized by intensification of the changes
begun during the excitement phase
Plateau
Characterized by waves of intense pleasure (climax), often associated with vaginal contractions in females and ejaculations in males.
Orgasm
The body returns to its non-excited stat
Resolution
is a characteristic that causes pleasure or interest by appealing to a person’s desires or tastes, and cause one to be drawn to the other.
Attraction
Criteria of beauty are __ and vary over time in different cultures
subjective
Three Phases of Romantic Love
Lust phase
Attraction phase
Attachment phase
This describe as an intense craving for sexual contact.
Lust Phase
Couples are infatuated and pursued a relationship
Attraction Phase
Long-term bond between partners; with a feeling of
security, comfort and emotional uni
Attachment Phase
John Lee’s Love Style
Eros
Agape
Storge
Ludus
Mania
Pragma
Love is based on strong sexual and emotional component
The ___ lover dreams of the ideal characteristics of a partner and usually experiences love at first sight.
The relationship seldom lasts forever because they tend to be quick to fall in and out of love
Eros
Altruistic and selfless love.
✔ The person shows his love without expecting to receive the same in return.
✔ This type of love is more acceptable to women than men
Agape
Love-related friendship and based on nonsexual affection.
✔ __ic lovers don’t suddenly fall in love with an idealized lover.
✔ Commitment, stability and comfort are their goals
Storge
Love is just a game, something for fun or entertainment.
✔ Ludic lovers, do not experience jealousy. They don’t value commitment or intimacy
✔ Manipulate their partner by lying, cheating and deceivin
Ludus
An intense feeling which may lead to obsessive and possessive love towards the loved one.
✔ Manic lovers always check the partner’s whereabouts and easily get jealous
✔ Easily taken advantage of by ludic love
Mania
A practical and business-like love.
✔ Pragmatic lovers may plan the best time to get married, have children, and other future plans
✔ Love is based on what is appropriate
Pragma
The Triangular Theory of Love
(Robert Sternberg, 1986)
Intimacy (liking)
Passion (infatuation)
Commitment (empty love)
Includes the desire to give and receive
emotional closeness, support, caring and
sharing
Intimacy
Described as intensely romantic or sexual desire
for another person usually accompanied by
physical attraction and physiological arousal
Passion
The cold component of love. It is the decision to
maintain the relationship through good time and
bad times
Commitment
Passion + intimacy
Romantic Love
Passion + commitment
Fatuous love
Intimacy + commitment
Companionate Love
Intimacy + passion + commitment
Consummate love
When someone received a reward a positive feeling may be experienced.
Behavior Reinforcement Theory
The body experience physiological change first, then people assign an emotion to that physical sensation.
Physiological Arousal Theory
This explains that love arouse due to sociobiological needs
Evolutionary Theories
Factors that would determine with whom
people fall in love are:
✔ Physical attractiveness
✔ Reciprocity
✔ Proximity
✔ Similarities
What are the sexually transmitted Infections (STI)
HIV/AIDS ( Human Immunodeficiency Virus) /
(Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome)
Genital Herpes
Genital Warts
Gonorrhea
Syphilis
Chlamydia
6 method of Contraception
Hormonal Method of Contraception
Barrier Method of Contraception
Behavioral Method of Contraception
Sterilization
Intrauterine Device
Emergency Contraception
prevents the release of an egg or ovulation
Hormonal Method of Contraception
✔ Oral Contraceptive pills
Hormonal Method of Contraception
Hormonal Method of Contraception
✔ The __ – a small patch you stick on to the skin that releases estrogen and progestogen.
Patch
Hormonal Method of Contraception
✔ The __ – small plastic ring a woman inserts into her vagina every month and releases hormones to stop ovulation
ring
Hormonal Method of Contraception
___ – a small flexible rod that is place under the skin of the upper arm by a health professions and release progesterone to stop ovulation.
Implants
Hormonal Method of Contraception
___ - contraceptive injection which is a long-acting reversible contraception. It is more than 99%
effective
Injectable
Barrier Method of Contraception
___ – a soft dome made of latex or silicone and is used with spermicide
Diaphragm
Barrier Method of Contraception
✔ ____ – put into the vagina to cover the cervix and are 92 to 96% effective when used correctly.
Cervical Caps
✔ Male and Female Condoms or spermicides
Barrier Method of Contraception
Behavioral Method of Contraception
✔ _____ – way to know a woman’s fertile and
infertile month by charting the menstrual cycle.
Rhythm or Calendar Method
Behavioral Method of Contraception
✔ _____ - Avoidance of sexual intercourse
Abstinence or celibacy
Behavioral Method of Contraception
✔ _____ - a sexual activity that does not include the insertion of the penis into the vagina
Outercourse
Behavioral Method of Contraception
✔____ – happens when a man removes his penis from the vagina and ejaculates outside of the
woman’s body
Withdrawal
procedure that make an individual permanently incapable of conceiving
Sterilization
Sterilization
Fallopian tubes are tied to prevent eggs from
travelling to the uterus so a woman cannot get pregnant
Tubal ligation/sterilization
Sterilization
The surgeon makes a small cut in the upper part of scrotum then ties or blocks the vas deferens
Vasectomy
a small device that is placed in the uterus by a doctor to prevent pregnancy
Intrauterine Device (IUD)
A measure that protects against pregnancy after unprotected sex has already occurred
Emergency Contraception (EC)
