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UTS > Module 2.2 The Self from the Sociological Perspectives > Flashcards

Module 2.2 The Self from the Sociological Perspectives Flashcards

1
Q

a social science that studies human societies, their interactions, and the processes that preserve and change them.

A

SOCIOLOGY

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2
Q

does this by examining the dynamics of constituent parts of societies such as institutions, communities, populations, and gender, racial, or age groups

A

SOCIOLOGY

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3
Q

humanly created organization or system of interrelationships that connects individuals in a common culture.

A

SOCIETY

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4
Q

All the products of human interaction, the experience of living with others around us.

A

SOCIETY

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5
Q

Humans create their interactions, and once created the products of those interactions have the ability or power to act back upon humans to determine or constrain action.

A

SOCIETY

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6
Q

the arrangement of the parts that constitute society, the organization of social positions and distribution of people within those positions.

A

SOCIAL ORGANIZATION

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7
Q

Socially defined positions (student, professor, administrator)

A

STATUS

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8
Q

Every status carries a cluster of expected behaviors, how a person in that status is expected to think, feel, as well as expectations about how they should be treated by others.

A

ROLE

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9
Q

Two or more people regularly interacting on the basis of shared expectations of others’ behavior; interrelated statuses and roles

A

GROUP

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10
Q

Patterns of activity reproduced across time and space. Practices that are regularly and continuously repeated. ____ often concern basic living arrangements that human beings work out in the interactions with one another and by means of which continuity is achieved across generations.

A

INSTITUTIONS

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11
Q

A vague term that refers to the pattern within culture and organization through which social action takes place; arrangements of roles, organizations, institutions, and cultural symbols that are stable over time, often unnoticed, and a what is possible in
of social changing almost invisibly.

A

Social structure

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12
Q

Structure both _____ social life

A

enables and constrains

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13
Q

Incorporates both culture and the resources organization.

A

Social structure

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14
Q

Social institutions
Statuses and Roles
Social Groups

A

Society

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15
Q

Social institutions

A

Traditional
Emergent

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16
Q

Family
Religion
Education
Government
Economy

A

Traditional

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17
Q

Sports
Mass mesia
Science/medicine
Military

A

Emergent

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18
Q

Statuses and roles

A

Ascribed status
Achieved status

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19
Q

Race/ethnicity
Age
Gender
Class

A

Ascribed status

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20
Q

Occupation
Education
Income level

A

Achieved status

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21
Q

Social groups

A

Primary groups
Secondary groups

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22
Q

Family members
Close friends
Peers

A

Primary groups

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23
Q

Schools
Churches
Corporations

A

Secondary groups

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24
Q

A group of people with similar socioeconomic status or standing within the society based on the level of income, education, and occupation

It ranges from low to high and often reveal inequalities in terms of power, influence, and access to resources

A

SOCIAL CLASS

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25
Q

3 PRIMARY SOCIAL CLASSES IN THE PHILIPPINES

A

• low-income class
• middle-income class
• high-income class

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26
Q
  • People are allowed to move from one status or class to another (e.g. from Poor to Low-Middle Class)
A

SOCIAL MOBILITY

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27
Q

TYPES OF SOCIAL CLASSES IN THE PHILIPPINES

For policy-making and public service purposes, the
Philippine government looks at the ____ (in relation to the poverty threshold) to classify the income level of its citizens and to assess their standard of living

A

per capita income

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28
Q

GEORGE HERBERT MEAD

Used ____ approach to describe the power of environment in shaping human behavior

A

Social Behaviorism

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29
Q

Concept of Self:

  • a dimension of personality that is made up of
    individual’s self-awareness and self-image
A

George Herbert Mead
(1863-1931)
(Stages of Self)

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30
Q

The self cannot be separated from the society (this
was further explained by this theory of self)

A

George Herbert Mead
(1863-1931)
(Stages of Self)

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31
Q

George Herbert Mead

Developmental Stages

A
  1. Preparatory Stage
  2. Play Stage
  3. Game Stage
32
Q

Approximate 0-3 years old

  • There is no sense of self at birth but develops over time.
  • The development is based on social interaction and social experience.
A

DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE: THE PREPARATORY STAGE

33
Q

DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE: THE PREPARATORY STAGE

Children’s behavior are primarily based on ____.

Children imitate the behaviors of those around them. They copy without understanding the underlying
intentions.

A

IMITATION

34
Q

DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE: THE PREPARATORY STAGE

As children grow, they get familiar to verbal and non-verbal symbols that people use in their interactions.

_____ are the basis of communication.

A

SYMBOLS

35
Q

Knowing and understanding the symbols are important for this will constitute the children’s way of _____.

A

communication

36
Q

Approximate 3-5 years old

A

DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE: THE PLAY STAGE

37
Q

DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE: THE PLAY STAGE

Knowing and understanding the language and symbols of communication is the basis for ____

A

socialization

38
Q

Through communication, ____ are formed

A

social relationships

39
Q

Children learn to ROLE PLAY and pretend to be other people.

A

DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE: THE PLAY STAGE

40
Q

DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE: THE PLAY STAGE

____ on this stage is the process of mentally
assuming the perspective of another person to see how this person might behave or respond in a given situation

A

Role-taking

41
Q

The self emerges as children pretend to take the roles of specific people/significant others. The self is developing.

A

DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE: THE PLAY STAGE

42
Q

Child widens his perspective and realizes that he’s not alone. There are others whose presence he has to consider.

A

DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE: THE PLAY STAGE

43
Q

Approximate: early school years / 8-9 years old

A

DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE: THE GAME STAGE

44
Q

Child begins to see not just his perspective but also the perspective of those around him.

Respond to several people around him.

A

DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE: THE GAME STAGE

45
Q

Term used for expected behaviors, norms, and values of the society as a whole

A

Generalized Others

46
Q

a person can be a teacher, mom, and a sister at the same time.

A

Multiple Roles

47
Q

Important people who take care of them, whose opinions, values, and behaviors matter to them (ex. Teachers, parents, peers)

A

Significant Others

48
Q

THEORY OF THE SELF
(The Self is composed of 2 Divisions)

A

I and Me

49
Q

Personal responses to Social Self (me)

  • Individual identity
  • Subjective
A

I

50
Q

What society thinks of me (Social Self)
- Objective

A

Me

51
Q

American sociologist

A

Charles Cooley

52
Q

Charles Cooley

Used ____ approach in understanding society

A

Sociopsychological

53
Q

An individual strives to meet the needs of the society and the
society helps him to attain his goals.

A

Charles Cooley

54
Q

Theorized that the sense of self is formed in two ways: by one’s
actual experiences and by what one imagines others’ ideas of
oneself to be—a phenomenon Cooley called the “ _____.”

A

looking glass self

55
Q

I am not what I think I am,
I am not what you think I am,
I am what I think You think I am.

A

Charles Cooley

56
Q

Canadian-American sociologist

A

Erving Goffman

57
Q

Known for his role in the development of Modern American Sociology

A

Erving Goffman

58
Q

Erving Goffman

used a theatrical metaphor of stage, actors, and audience to observe and analyze the intricacies of social interaction (known as the ____)

A

dramaturgical perspective

59
Q

Dramaturgical Approach (a.k.a. ?)

A

Impression management

60
Q

the self is made up of the various parts that people play, and a key goal of social actors is to present their various selves in ways that create and sustain particular impressions to their different audiences.

A

Dramaturgical Approach

61
Q

This perspective isn’t meant to analyze the cause of behavior just its context.

A

Dramaturgical Approach

62
Q

Observed in situations where ____ are resorted to in the maintenance of a proper image of the self in frustrating and embarrassing situations

A

face-saving

63
Q

Sometimes called impression management because
part of playing a role for others is to control the
impression they have of you. Each person’s
performance has a specific goal in mind.

A

DRAMATURGICAL APPROACH (a.k.a. Impression
management)

64
Q

DRAMATURGICAL APPROACH (a.k.a. Impression
management)

Stages

A

Front stage
Backstage

65
Q

refers to actions that are observed by others.
An actor on a stage is playing a certain role and
expected to act in a certain way

A

Front stage

66
Q

means how people act when they are relaxed
or unobserved.

A

Backstage

67
Q

The attainment and sustainability of self-identity are freely chosen and no longer restricted by traditions, which paves way for infinite possibilities for self-cultivation.

A

Gerry Lanuza

68
Q

a stranger to your own self

A

alienation

69
Q

demeans human dignity

A

dehumanization

70
Q

Gerry Lanuza

There’s a need to discover the “___” of the self for an individual to freely work towards self-realization.

A

authentic core

71
Q

In postmodern societies, self-identity continuously
___ due to the demands of social contexts, new
information technologies, and globalization.

A

changes

72
Q

(French sociologist) exposes the negative
consequences postmodernity to society.

A

Jean Baudrillard

73
Q

structures the postmodern society

A

CONSUMPTION

74
Q

Postmodern humans achieve ____ through
prestige symbols that they consume and seek for a
position through the prestige symbols that they can
afford to consume.

A

self-identity

75
Q

The cultural practices of advertising and mass media greatly influence individuals to consume not for their primary value and utility BUT FOR THE FEELING OF GOODNESS AND POWER WHEN ___.

A

COMPARED WITH OTHERS

76
Q

The self may be in a never-ending search for___ in the postmodern society.

A

prestige

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