Module 2.2 The Self from the Sociological Perspectives

Question 1

a social science that studies human societies, their interactions, and the processes that preserve and change them.

Answer 1

SOCIOLOGY

Question 2

does this by examining the dynamics of constituent parts of societies such as institutions, communities, populations, and gender, racial, or age groups

Answer 2

SOCIOLOGY

Question 3

humanly created organization or system of interrelationships that connects individuals in a common culture.

Answer 3

SOCIETY

Question 4

All the products of human interaction, the experience of living with others around us.

Answer 4

SOCIETY

Question 5

Humans create their interactions, and once created the products of those interactions have the ability or power to act back upon humans to determine or constrain action.

Answer 5

SOCIETY

Question 6

the arrangement of the parts that constitute society, the organization of social positions and distribution of people within those positions.

Answer 6

SOCIAL ORGANIZATION

Question 7

Socially defined positions (student, professor, administrator)

Answer 7

STATUS

Question 8

Every status carries a cluster of expected behaviors, how a person in that status is expected to think, feel, as well as expectations about how they should be treated by others.

Answer 8

ROLE

Question 9

Two or more people regularly interacting on the basis of shared expectations of others’ behavior; interrelated statuses and roles

Answer 9

GROUP

Question 10

Patterns of activity reproduced across time and space. Practices that are regularly and continuously repeated. ____ often concern basic living arrangements that human beings work out in the interactions with one another and by means of which continuity is achieved across generations.

Answer 10

INSTITUTIONS

Question 11

A vague term that refers to the pattern within culture and organization through which social action takes place; arrangements of roles, organizations, institutions, and cultural symbols that are stable over time, often unnoticed, and a what is possible in
of social changing almost invisibly.

Answer 11

Social structure

Question 12

Structure both _____ social life

Answer 12

enables and constrains

Question 13

Incorporates both culture and the resources organization.

Answer 13

Social structure

Question 14

Social institutions
Statuses and Roles
Social Groups

Answer 14

Society

Question 15

Social institutions

Answer 15

Traditional
Emergent

Question 16

Family
Religion
Education
Government
Economy

Answer 16

Traditional

Question 17

Sports
Mass mesia
Science/medicine
Military

Answer 17

Emergent

Question 18

Statuses and roles

Answer 18

Ascribed status
Achieved status

Question 19

Race/ethnicity
Age
Gender
Class

Answer 19

Ascribed status

Question 20

Occupation
Education
Income level

Answer 20

Achieved status

Question 21

Social groups

Answer 21

Primary groups
Secondary groups

Question 22

Family members
Close friends
Peers

Answer 22

Primary groups

Question 23

Schools
Churches
Corporations

Answer 23

Secondary groups

Question 24

A group of people with similar socioeconomic status or standing within the society based on the level of income, education, and occupation

It ranges from low to high and often reveal inequalities in terms of power, influence, and access to resources

Answer 24

SOCIAL CLASS

Question 25

3 PRIMARY SOCIAL CLASSES IN THE PHILIPPINES

Answer 25

• low-income class • middle-income class • high-income class

Question 26

- People are allowed to move from one status or class to another (e.g. from Poor to Low-Middle Class)

Answer 26

SOCIAL MOBILITY

Question 27

TYPES OF SOCIAL CLASSES IN THE PHILIPPINES For policy-making and public service purposes, the Philippine government looks at the ____ (in relation to the poverty threshold) to classify the income level of its citizens and to assess their standard of living

Answer 27

per capita income

Question 28

GEORGE HERBERT MEAD Used ____ approach to describe the power of environment in shaping human behavior

Answer 28

Social Behaviorism

Question 29

Concept of Self: - a dimension of personality that is made up of individual’s self-awareness and self-image

Answer 29

George Herbert Mead (1863-1931) (Stages of Self)

Question 30

The self cannot be separated from the society (this was further explained by this theory of self)

Answer 30

George Herbert Mead (1863-1931) (Stages of Self)

Question 31

George Herbert Mead Developmental Stages

Answer 31

1. Preparatory Stage 2. Play Stage 3. Game Stage

Question 32

Approximate 0-3 years old - There is no sense of self at birth but develops over time. - The development is based on social interaction and social experience.

Answer 32

DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE: THE PREPARATORY STAGE

Question 33

DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE: THE PREPARATORY STAGE Children’s behavior are primarily based on ____. Children imitate the behaviors of those around them. They copy without understanding the underlying intentions.

Answer 33

IMITATION

Question 34

DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE: THE PREPARATORY STAGE As children grow, they get familiar to verbal and non-verbal symbols that people use in their interactions. _____ are the basis of communication.

Answer 34

SYMBOLS

Question 35

Knowing and understanding the symbols are important for this will constitute the children’s way of _____.

Answer 35

communication

Question 36

Approximate 3-5 years old

Answer 36

DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE: THE PLAY STAGE

Question 37

DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE: THE PLAY STAGE Knowing and understanding the language and symbols of communication is the basis for ____

Answer 37

socialization

Question 38

Through communication, ____ are formed

Answer 38

social relationships

Question 39

Children learn to ROLE PLAY and pretend to be other people.

Answer 39

DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE: THE PLAY STAGE

Question 40

DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE: THE PLAY STAGE ____ on this stage is the process of mentally assuming the perspective of another person to see how this person might behave or respond in a given situation

Answer 40

Role-taking

Question 41

The self emerges as children pretend to take the roles of specific people/significant others. The self is developing.

Answer 41

DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE: THE PLAY STAGE

Question 42

Child widens his perspective and realizes that he’s not alone. There are others whose presence he has to consider.

Answer 42

DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE: THE PLAY STAGE

Question 43

Approximate: early school years / 8-9 years old

Answer 43

DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE: THE GAME STAGE

Question 44

Child begins to see not just his perspective but also the perspective of those around him. Respond to several people around him.

Answer 44

DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE: THE GAME STAGE

Question 45

Term used for expected behaviors, norms, and values of the society as a whole

Answer 45

Generalized Others

Question 46

a person can be a teacher, mom, and a sister at the same time.

Answer 46

Multiple Roles

Question 47

Important people who take care of them, whose opinions, values, and behaviors matter to them (ex. Teachers, parents, peers)

Answer 47

Significant Others

Question 48

THEORY OF THE SELF (The Self is composed of 2 Divisions)

Answer 48

I and Me

Question 49

Personal responses to Social Self (me) - Individual identity - Subjective

Answer 49

I

Question 50

What society thinks of me (Social Self) - Objective

Answer 50

Me

Question 51

American sociologist

Answer 51

Charles Cooley

Question 52

Charles Cooley Used ____ approach in understanding society

Answer 52

Sociopsychological

Question 53

An individual strives to meet the needs of the society and the society helps him to attain his goals.

Answer 53

Charles Cooley

Question 54

Theorized that the sense of self is formed in two ways: by one’s actual experiences and by what one imagines others’ ideas of oneself to be—a phenomenon Cooley called the “ _____.”

Answer 54

looking glass self

Question 55

I am not what I think I am, I am not what you think I am, I am what I think You think I am.

Answer 55

Charles Cooley

Question 56

Canadian-American sociologist

Answer 56

Erving Goffman

Question 57

Known for his role in the development of Modern American Sociology

Answer 57

Erving Goffman

Question 58

Erving Goffman used a theatrical metaphor of stage, actors, and audience to observe and analyze the intricacies of social interaction (known as the ____)

Answer 58

dramaturgical perspective

Question 59

Dramaturgical Approach (a.k.a. ?)

Answer 59

Impression management

Question 60

the self is made up of the various parts that people play, and a key goal of social actors is to present their various selves in ways that create and sustain particular impressions to their different audiences.

Answer 60

Dramaturgical Approach

Question 61

This perspective isn't meant to analyze the cause of behavior just its context.

Answer 61

Dramaturgical Approach

Question 62

Observed in situations where ____ are resorted to in the maintenance of a proper image of the self in frustrating and embarrassing situations

Answer 62

face-saving

Question 63

Sometimes called impression management because part of playing a role for others is to control the impression they have of you. Each person's performance has a specific goal in mind.

Answer 63

DRAMATURGICAL APPROACH (a.k.a. Impression management)

Question 64

DRAMATURGICAL APPROACH (a.k.a. Impression management) Stages

Answer 64

Front stage Backstage

Question 65

refers to actions that are observed by others. An actor on a stage is playing a certain role and expected to act in a certain way

Answer 65

Front stage

Question 66

means how people act when they are relaxed or unobserved.

Answer 66

Backstage

Question 67

The attainment and sustainability of self-identity are freely chosen and no longer restricted by traditions, which paves way for infinite possibilities for self-cultivation.

Answer 67

Gerry Lanuza

Question 68

a stranger to your own self

Answer 68

alienation

Question 69

demeans human dignity

Answer 69

dehumanization

Question 70

Gerry Lanuza There’s a need to discover the “___” of the self for an individual to freely work towards self-realization.

Answer 70

authentic core

Question 71

In postmodern societies, self-identity continuously ___ due to the demands of social contexts, new information technologies, and globalization.

Answer 71

changes

Question 72

(French sociologist) exposes the negative consequences postmodernity to society.

Answer 72

Jean Baudrillard

Question 73

structures the postmodern society

Answer 73

CONSUMPTION

Question 74

Postmodern humans achieve ____ through prestige symbols that they consume and seek for a position through the prestige symbols that they can afford to consume.

Answer 74

self-identity

Question 75

The cultural practices of advertising and mass media greatly influence individuals to consume not for their primary value and utility BUT FOR THE FEELING OF GOODNESS AND POWER WHEN ___.

Answer 75

COMPARED WITH OTHERS

Question 76

The self may be in a never-ending search for___ in the postmodern society.

Answer 76

prestige