Module 20: Digestive System Main Focus

Question 1

What role does the pancreas play in the digestion of proteins?

Answer 1

Releases trypsin and chymotrypsin into the small intestine to break up peptide bonds

Question 2

The pancreas secretes lipase into duodenum (the main fat digesting enzyme) what does lipase break fats into?

Answer 2

A mixture of glycerol, short-chain fatty acids, long-chain fatty acids and monoglycerides

Question 3

What role does the pancreatic duct play in digesting carbohydrates?

Answer 3

Chyme mixes with pancreatic amylase, starch continues to be digested here

Question 4

*What role does bile play in the digestion of fats?

Answer 4

Bile (lecithin and bile salts) break fat into small droplets in the duodenum (emulsification)

Question 5

What role does the stomach play in digesting carbohydrates?

Answer 5

Amylase becomes inactive with contact HCL. 50% of starches are digested at this point

Question 6

What role does the stomach play in the digestion of proteins

Answer 6

Pepsin hydrolizes peptide bonds between certain amino acids.

Protease (enzyme) works in stomach and small intestine.

Question 7

In the stomach, hydrochloric acid is released. What is the purpose of releasing HCL into the stomach?

Answer 7

Stomach needs to be acidic in order to aid the digestive process

Question 8

When may the body release more or less HCL into the stomach?

Answer 8

In response to alkaline products (food/medications), during digestion (when food is present)

Question 9

Why doesn’t HCL destroy stomach lining?

Answer 9

Specialize mucous cells protect the stomach tissue from being damaged by HCL

Question 10

An infant stomach has a pH of around 5. How active would pepsin be in infants stomach?

Answer 10

Not active: the pH optimum of pepsin is 2

Question 11

What role does the small intestine play in digesting carbohydrates?

Answer 11

Chyme Mixes with pancreatic amylase, and starch continues to be digested here

Question 12

What is carbohydrates reach the villi how does the digestion of carbohydrates continue?

Answer 12

Membranes of epithelial cells covering the Villi contain enzymes sucrase, lactase, and maltase.
Enzymes bind with the disaccharides (contact digestion). Glucose is produced and absorbed into bloodstream immediately

Question 13

What role does the small intestine play in the digestion of proteins?

Answer 13

Pepsin becomes inactive, the pancreatic enzymes trypsin and chymotripson break up peptide bonds