Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy And Physiology Part 2 > Module 15: Blood > Flashcards

Module 15: Blood Flashcards

1
Q

What type of tissues blood?

A

Connective tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the plasma portion, and what are the main components?

A

Plasma is a clear, extracellular matrix of this liquid connective tissue.
Main component is water, Also contains proteins (main one being albumin), nutrients, electrolytes, hormones, and gases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What role do the plasma proteins play?

A

Plasma proteins play roles in blood clotting, the immune system, and the regulation of fluid volume

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is plasma without clotting proteins called?

A

Serum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What percentage of blood does plasma account for?

A

55%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the formed elements of blood?

A

Specific blood cells include erythrocytes (RBCs), leukocytes (WBCs), and platelets

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the hematocrit?

A

RBCs are the heaviest of the formed elements and sink to the bottom of the sample. They account for most of the formed elements. This value – the percentage of sales in a sample of blood – is called hematocrit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the buffy coat?

A

WBCs and platelets form a narrow buff-coloured band just underneath the plasma, called the buffy coat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What determines the viscosity of blood?

A

The combination of plasma and blood cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the production of blood called?

A

Hemopoeisis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What cells are developed from with lymphatic tissue?

A

Lymphocytes (a specific type of WBC)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the main role of red blood cells?

A

Delivering oxygen to cells and removing carbon dioxide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the oxygen carrying component of blood?

A

Hemoglobin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Immature form of an erythrocyte

A

Reticulocyte

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the most abundant white blood cell?

A

Neutrophils

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Blood component which plays a key role in stopping bleeding

A

Platelets

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the White blood cell that secretes heparin to prevent clotting in infected areas?

A

Basophils

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the white blood cell responsible for long-term immunity?

A

Lymphocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What in the liver and spleen ingest and destroy old red blood cells?

A

Macrophages

20
Q

Globin is made up of what

A

Proteins

21
Q

Bound to each globin is an iron-containing molecule called

A

Heme

22
Q

When hemoglobin is saturated with oxygen, it is called

A

Oxyhemoglobin

23
Q

Haemoglobin consist of 4 ribbon-like protein chains called

A

Globing

24
Q

In the breakdown of red blood cells, after a macrophages ingest and destroy old RBCs, hemoglobin is broken down into what two components?

A

Heme and globin

25
Q

Globin is further broken down into what? And what is it used for?

A

Amino acids - Which are used for energy or to create new proteins

26
Q

In the breakdown of red blood cells, heme is broken down into what?

A

Iron and bilirubin

27
Q

After is broken down into iron and bilirubin, What happens to them?

A

Iron - Transported to the bone marrow, where it’s used to create new hemoglobin
Bilirubin - Is excreted into the intestines as part of bile

28
Q

The presence or absence of granules identifies the two classifications of WBCs, what are they?

A

Granulocytes (those having obvious granules)

Agranulocytes (those having few or no granules)

29
Q

What are the three types of granulocytes?

A

Neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils

30
Q

What are the two types of agranulocytes?

A

Lymphocytes and monocytes

31
Q

What is the role of hemoglobin?

A

Carries oxygen from lungs to the tissues of the body, also helps in the transportation of carbon dioxide and hydrogen ions back to the lungs

32
Q

Do all leukocytes contain a nucleus?

A

Yee

33
Q

What is the role of white blood cells/leukocytes?

A

They are the bodies line of defence against invasion by infectious pathogens

34
Q

Platelets play a key role in

A

Stopping bleeding

35
Q

What is the sequence of events that stops the flow of blood when a blood vessel is cut?

A

Vascular spasm, formation of a platelet plug, formation of a blood clot

36
Q

The surface of each red blood cell carries a protein called? And what are they?

A

An antigen - There are two antigens: A and B

37
Q

What antigens on their RBCs do each blood type have?

A

A -> A antigen
B -> B antigen
AB -> both A and B antigens
O -> have neither

38
Q

While the blood cell carriers antigens, the blood plasma carries _________ against the antigens of the other blood types

A

Antibodies (called agglutinins)

39
Q

What antibodies do each blood type have?

A

A -> Anti-B antibodies
B -> Anti-A antibodies
AB -> No antibodies
O -> Has both anti-A and anti-B antibodies

40
Q

What blood type is known as the universal donor blood?

A

Type O

41
Q

What blood type is sometimes called the universal recipient?

A

Type AB

42
Q

Blood type A can give blood to ?

A

A and AB

43
Q

Blood type B can receive blood from?

A

B and O

44
Q

Transfusions are successful as long as…

A

The recipients plasma doesn’t contain antibodies against the ABO type being transfused

45
Q

If someone with type A blood work to receive a transfusion of type B blood, what would happen?

A

The anti-B antibodies in the recipients blood would immediately attack the donor RBCs.
The antibody-antigen reaction would cause the RBCs to clump together (agglutinate)

46
Q

Blood is also classified as being Rh positive or Rh negative. Which one contains the Rh antigen?

A

Rh-positive

47
Q

Blood does not normally contain anti-Rh antibodies; However, it’s possible for someone with Rh-negative blood to develop anti-Rh antibodies. What are the two ways this can occur?

A
  • When someone with Rh-negative blood receives a transfusion of Rh-positive blood
  • When an Rh-negative mother becomes pregnant with an Rh-positive fetus

Anatomy And Physiology Part 2 (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions