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MT-YR 2 > Module #2 > Flashcards

Module #2 Flashcards

Foot, Ankle, Lower Leg

1
Q

Are the Deltoid Ligaments on the on the medial or lateral side of the foot?

A

Medial

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2
Q

How are the tarsal bones named?

A

Medial -Lateral, First, second, third

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3
Q

What does the distal tibiofibular joint (tibia and fibula) Form?

A

Ankle Mortise

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4
Q

What three movements are “Pronation” of the foot

A

Dorsiflexion, Eversion, Abduction of the foot

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5
Q

What three movements are “Supination” of the foot

A

Plantarflexion, Inversion, Adduction of the foot

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6
Q

What four ligaments make up the deltoid ligaments?

A

Anterior Tibiotalar
Posterior Tibiotalar
Tibiocalcanean
Tibionavicular

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7
Q

What is the most common type of ankle sprain?

A

Lateral ankle sprain at the anterior talofibular

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8
Q

What stabilizes the medial longitudinal arch?

A

Spring Ligament-Plantar Calcaneofibular

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9
Q

Without this, tendons would not be safe!

A

Retinaculum

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10
Q

how many compartments is the lower leg divided into?

A

4

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11
Q

What are compartments separated by?

A

Strong Fascia Walls

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12
Q

___________ is not a true arch

A

Transverse arch

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13
Q

Which muscle plays a huge role in supporting the medial arch of the foot?

A

Tibialis Posterior

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14
Q

Tibial Nerve entrapment syndrome

A

Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome

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15
Q

Most common affected compartment in the leg

A

Anterior

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16
Q

A fracture affecting one or more of the malleoli

A

POTT’S FRACTURE

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17
Q

How long does the first stage of healing take for fractures?

A

72 Hours

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18
Q

How are lateral ankle sprains measured?

A

Grade 1: mild, Grade 2: Moderate, Grade 3: Severe or total

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19
Q

Floating matter in the space where blood travels through

A

Embolus

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20
Q

Normal heart rate

A

60-100 Beats per minute

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21
Q

irregular heart beat

A

arrythmias

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22
Q

Avoid pacemaker side for how many weeks

A

6 weeks. Avoid entire area surrounding it

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23
Q

If a client is having an angina attack, you can administer how many nitro doses?

A

3

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24
Q

Why is the head of the fibular an endangerment site?

A

it doesn’t have a lot of fat or muscle to protect it

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25
Q

What structure goes around the head of the fibula?

A

Common Fibular Nerve

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26
Q

What is an easy test for Plantar Fasciitis?

A

Windless Test

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27
Q

Where is the tarsal tunnel located?

A

Find Medial Malleoli and go posterior then inferior to it.

28
Q

What muscles are involved in the tarsal tunnel ?

A

Tibial Nerve, Posterior Tibial Nerve, TDH muscles, medial Malleoli, Anterior Retinaculum

29
Q

The sciatic nerve splits into what sections in the popliteal region?

A

Tibial nerve which innervates gastroc and soleus and the common fibular nerve which innervates the peroneals

30
Q

What structure acts as the primary shock absorber for the foot?

A

Plantar Fascia

31
Q

What structures are involved with mortons Neuroma?

A

Plantar nerves between 3rd and 4th toes

32
Q

What structures are involved with bunions (Hallux Valgus)?

A

Medial part of the 1st metatarsophalangeal joint of the first big toe

33
Q

What structures are involved with hammar toes?

A

toes 2-4 stuck in flex position

34
Q

What structures are involved with a medial ankle sprain?

A

Deltiod Ligaments: Anterior Tiobiotalar, Posterior tibiotalar, tibionavicular, tibiocancaneal

35
Q

What is mortons neuroma?

A

enlarged or irritated nerve tissue in distal region of the foot usually between the 3rd and 4th metatarsal

36
Q

How would you treat mortons neuroma?

A

metatarsa;l spreading, deep stripping, avoid direct compression in area, nueral stretching

37
Q

What is closed pack position?

A

When a synovial joint is under maximum tension

38
Q

What is Capsular pattern of restriction?

A

predictable pattern of restriction,

39
Q

Describe Convex v.s Concave rule

A

When a convex surface moves on a concave surface the roll and glide occur in opposite direction. Concave on convex, roll and glide happen in the same direction

40
Q

where does a high ankle sprain occur?

A

Distal Tibiofibular sydemosis

41
Q

What are TOM, DICK, HARRY muscles?

A

Tib Post, Flexor Digitorum Longus, Flexor Hallicus Longus

42
Q

what causes hallux valgus?

A

pointed shoes, genetics, lax ligaments

43
Q

What tom dick harry muscle lies closest to the medial Mellelous of the tibia?

A

Tibialis Posterior

44
Q

Most superficial TOM DICK HARRY MUSCLE

A

Flexor Digitorum Longus

45
Q

Which muscle is superficial to TOM DICK HARRY

A

SOLEUS

46
Q

Which four muscles are located in the deep posterior compartment of the leg?

A

Popliteus, Flexor Digitorum Longus, Flexor Hallicus longus, Tibialis Posterior

47
Q

Where are the TOM, DICK, HARRY muscles most superficial?

A

Medial side of the leg between the tibia and the calcaneus

48
Q

What is classified at shin splints and what can cause them?

A

Periostitis, compartment syndrome: Overuse, Over Pronation, swelling, running

49
Q

Why is the head of the fibula an endangerment site? What passes through it?

A

It doesn’t have a lot of adipose tissue. Common Fibular Nerve

50
Q
A
51
Q

What Bursae is between the calcaneal tendon and the skin?

A

Subcutaneous Calcaneal Bursa

52
Q

This arch is very tall and is extremely resilient due to its large number of bones

A

Medial longtiudinal arch

53
Q

——— is swelling caused by excess fluid trapped in body’s tissue

A

Edema

54
Q

What type of edema is bad and is not to be treated common with pregnant women,liver, and kidney problems

A

Pitting edema

55
Q

What are blood clots also called and how long do you have to wait?

A

Thrombi’s, 8-12 weeks

56
Q

If anything is found in the flood stream it is called _______

A

Embolus

57
Q

Terms for any changes to any normal heart beat (slower or faster)

A

Arrhythmias

58
Q

Bunions (Hallux Valgus) is a condition that affects what joint?

A

1st MTP

59
Q

What are the two types of hammer toes?

A

Flexible hammer toes
Rigid hammer toes

60
Q

What toes does hammer toes affect?

A

The three middle toes

61
Q

What is tarsal tunnel syndrome ? What are some symptoms of tarsal tunnel syndrome?

A

It is nerve entrapment syndrome and pain on the planter surface.sharp shooting pains in medial ankle. Numbness in muscles of foot.pain after walking or running

62
Q

Treatment of tarsal tunnel syndrome

A

Treat posterior legs
Active engagement lengthening
Gentle deep friction
Deep stripping plantar surface of foot

63
Q

How do you treat periostitis?

A

Excessive flushing due to restricts nature of compartment, reduce HT in anterior and posterior leg compartment. Stretch and lengthen all muscles that at HT

64
Q

Compartment syndrome can occur within any compartment but most common in___

A

Anterior compartment

65
Q

How do you treat plantar fasciitis?

A

Lengthen the plantar fascia, break down adhesions,lengthen posterior leg muscles, strengthen anterior muscles, ice massage .

66
Q

What is Potts fracture?

A

A fracture affecting one or more of the mallei (lateral , medial) . Damage to deltoid ligaments may happen .

MT-YR 2 (8 decks)

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