Module 17 - Sleep Deprivation, Sleep Disorders, and Dreams Flashcards
Insomnia
Recurring problems in falling or staying asleep
Narcolepsy
A sleep disorder characterized by uncontrollable sleep attacks. The sufferer may lapse directly into REM sleep, often at inopportune times
Sleep apnea
A sleep disorder characterized by temporary cessations of breathing during sleep and repeated momentary awakenings
Night terrors
A sleep disorder characterized by high arousal and an appearance of being terrified; unlike nightmares, night terrors occur during NREM-3 sleep, within two or three hours of falling asleep, and are seldom remembered
Sleep walking and talking
Doing normal waking activities while asleep. Sleeptalking can occur at any sleep stage. Sleepwalking happens in NREM-3 sleep
Nightmares
Just like other dreams, they typically occur during early-morning REM sleep
Dream
A sequence of images, emotions, and thoughts passing through a sleeping person’s mind
Manifest content
According to Freud, the symbolic, remembered story line of a dream
Latent content
According to Freud, the underlying meaning of a dream
What are the proposed reasons why we dream?
To satisfy our own wishes, file away memories, develop and preserve neural pathways, make sense of neural static, and reflect cognitive development
Activation-synthesis theory
According to this theory, dreams are the brain’s attempt to synthesize random neural activity
Freud’s wish-fulfillment dream theory
Dreams preserve sleep and provide a “psychic safety valve”—expressing otherwise unacceptable feelings; contain manifest (remembered) content and a deeper layer of latent content (a hidden meaning)
Information processing dream theory
Dreams help us sort out the day’s events and consolidate our memories
Physiological function dream theory
Regular brain simulation from REM sleep may help develop and preserve neural pathways
Activation synthesis dream theory
REM sleep triggers neural activity that evokes random visual memories, which our sleeping brain weaves into stories
