Module 10 - Socioilinguistics

Question 1

Language is determined by___

Answer 1

Political and social contexts

Question 2

Language loss =

Answer 2

oppression

Question 3

Language is___

Answer 3

control

Question 4

Dialect (2)

Answer 4

Mutually intelligible forms of language that
differ in systematic ways

Question 5

Accent

Answer 5

Distinguishable phonological / phonetic characteristics between groups of speakers

Question 6

Regional Dialects

Answer 6

Geography

Question 7

Sociolects

Answer 7

Socio-economic factors

Question 8

Ethnolects

Answer 8

Spoken by different
ethnic groups

Question 9

Genderlects

Answer 9

Differences between
women and men

Question 10

Generational factors

Answer 10

age

Question 11

Culture-specific dialect

Answer 11

Differences in culture
Eg. Aboriginal Englishes

Question 12

Idiolect

Answer 12

Unique language characteristics of individual speaker

Question 13

Situational factors influences___

Answer 13

Our use of non-standard dialects

Question 14

Pidgin

Answer 14

Language developed from merging 2 mutually unintelligible languages

Question 15

Pidgin is driven by the need to___

Answer 15

communicate

Question 16

Pidgin often omits

Answer 16

Grammar: auxiliaries, prepositions
Simple but rule based

Question 17

Creole

Answer 17

First generation pidgin develops to Creole
Children born with pidgin as 1st language will develop Creole with more complex grammar

Question 18

Linguistic parameters that differentiate dialects: (4)

Answer 18

Phonological differences
Morphological differences (Bigly)
Syntactic differences (you and me)
Lexical / semantic differences (“thong” (underwear / flip flops))

Question 19

Situational factors focus on ___ (3)

Answer 19

Participants
Setting
purpose

Question 20

Situational factors (4)

Answer 20

Style
Slang
Jargon
register

Question 21

Style

Answer 21

Degree of formality

Question 22

Style shifting:

Answer 22

When you change from one style to another
Eg. Speaking to grandparents you might style shift to a more formal style

Question 23

Slang

Answer 23

Invented words to keep with new ideas
A slang from an old generation might end up being standard vocabulary (eg. Fan <- fanatic)

Question 24

Jargon

Answer 24

Words associated to a profession / occupation
Eg. Medical jargon, speech pathology jargon

Question 25

Register

Answer 25

A variety of language determined by Specific activity Subject matter Eg. Legal register, register of computing, texting (lol)

Question 26

Is the standard language superior?

Answer 26

No, all languages even the unstandardized dialects are legitimate language systems

Question 27

Who makes the rules of standard language?

Answer 27

Upper middle classes

Question 28

What are the 2 sides to the process of standardized language?

Answer 28

Devaluing of other unstandardized languages Validation of dominant cutlures

Question 29

What are the 3 main dialects of AusE according to Cox & Fletcher?

Answer 29

Standard AusE Australian Aboriginal English(es) Ethnocultural English(es)

Question 30

7 syntactic variations of non-standard AusE dialects

Answer 30

- Past participle in place of standard past-tense terms - Omission of auxiliaries - Lack of number agreement between subject & verb - Topic fronting - Multiple Negation - Double Comparative - Use of conjunction in final position

Question 31

Name the syntactic variation: I seen him on Tuesday. We done it yesterday

Answer 31

Past participle in place of standard past-tense terms

Question 32

Name the syntactic variation: He teaching today?

Answer 32

Omission of auxiliaries

Question 33

We wasn't to blame. He don't like you.

Answer 33

Lack of number agreement between subject & verb (plurals?)

Question 34

My friend, he's gone out

Answer 34

Topic fronting

Question 35

I didn't take no apple

Answer 35

Multiple negation

Question 36

She's more happier now

Answer 36

Double comparative

Question 37

It wasn't very interesting but

Answer 37

Use of conjunction at the final position

Question 38

High Rising Terminal / Tone / Tune (HRT)

Answer 38

Prosody Refers to rising inflection in declarative statements

Question 39

What is the purpose of HRT?

Answer 39

Used to check listener's understanding

Question 40

How was aboriginal english developed?

Answer 40

From colonisation and being banned from speaking their traditional language

Question 41

What percentage of Aboriginal Australians use Aboriginal English as their first language?

Answer 41

80%

Question 42

Are there significant regional differences?

Answer 42

Yes, they vary due to regional and historical differences

Question 43

Does Aboriginal English have complex sentence structures?

Answer 43

yes

Question 44

Aboriginal English evolved at the same time as

Answer 44

Standard Australian English

Question 45

Aboriginal englishes can have light or heavy dialects. What does light dialect refer to?

Answer 45

Light dialect are closer to standard AusE

Question 46

Which dialect should be the norm?

Answer 46

The dialect of the community you are practicing in

Question 47

Dialects are never___

Answer 47

Impairments. There are just differences in dialects.