Module 1 Practice quiz Flashcards
Which are causes of cellular injury? (Select all that apply.)
Genetic, Hypoxia cell injury, Chemical injury
Which statements are true regarding apoptosis?
An active process of cellular self-destruction
Which of the following is an increase in cell number?
Hyperplasia
Only cells that can divide will undergo hyperplasia; therefore, hyperplasia of the myocytes in the heart and neurons in the brain does not occur.
True
The most common cause of hypoxia is:
Ischemia
The most common heat related injury is:
Heat exhaustion
Sunburn by excessive exposure to sunlight is an observable example of cell injury by ___________
Physical agents
Which of the following occur as a result of decreases in workload, use, pressure, blood supply, nutrition, hormonal stimulation, and nervous stimulation?
Pathologic Atrophy
Which of the following are examples of hypoxia in inflammatory conditions? (select all that apply)
colitis, acute lung injury, infections with pathogens
According to the text, the world’s largest single environmental health risk is:
Air Pollution
-___________ is the number one mood altering drug used in the US
Alcohol
_________ , or oxygen failing to reach the blood, can result from a lack of oxygen in the environment.
suffocation
Deep sea divers need to be concerned with _________ which can cause gas emboli
Decompression Sickness
During cell injury caused by hypoxia, why does an increase in the osmotic pressure within the cell occur?
Sodium chloride enters the cell.
What two types of hearing loss are associated with noise?
Acoustic trauma and noise-induced
In decompression sickness, emboli are formed by bubbles of what?
Nitrogen
Which term describes the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) subunit of one deoxyribose molecule, one phosphate group, and one base?
Nucleotide
Which statement is true regarding base pairs?
Uracil pairs with adenine.
Which statement is true regarding chromosomes?
The somatic cells contain 46 chromosomes.
Which term describes an allele with an observable effect?
Dominant
Which statement is true regarding autosomal dominant gene transmission?
The affected parent transmits the gene to one-half of his or her children.
Which statement is true regarding autosomal recessive inheritance?
Males and females are equally affected.
Which chromosomes make a female?
XX
Cystic Fibrosis is the most common example of ____________
Autosomal recessive disease
What is the single most common cause of cellular injury?
Hypoxic injury
What is dysplasia?
Modification in the shape of a specific cell type
Which of the following are considered to be true adaptive cellular responses? (Select all that apply.)
Metaplasia, Atrophy, Hypertrophy, Hyperplasia
Match the type of cellular adaptation to its clinical example.
Lining of uterus thickens after ovulation because of increased amounts of estrogen: Hyperplasia, Man who lifts weights regularly develops larger biceps: Hypertrophy, Thymus gland decreases in size during childhood: Atrophy, Columnar epithelium in bronchi of cigarette smoker is replaced by stratified squamous epithelium: Metaplasia, Captain of roller derby team has greater thigh diameter on left than right from skating clockwise: Hypertrophy, Left calf is smaller than right calf when cast is removed from it: Atrophy, Liver regenerates after surgical removal of damaged portion: Hyperplasia
Why does carbon monoxide cause tissue damage?
It binds to hemoglobin so that it cannot carry oxygen
