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Anatomy & Physiology > Module 1 > Flashcards

Module 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Horizontal cut of the body

A

Transverse Plane

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2
Q

Vertical cut of the body

A

Sagittal / Lateral Plane

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3
Q

Body is cut between front and back

A

Frontal / Coronal Plane

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4
Q

Explain the anatomical position from the front

A
  • palms out
  • thumbs out
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5
Q

Explain the anatomical position from the back

A
  • foot soles are seen
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6
Q

DT: Towards front

A

Anterior/ Ventral

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7
Q

DT: Towards back

A

Posterior/ Dorsal

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8
Q

DT: Towards head

A

Cranial

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9
Q

DT: Towards tail

A

Caudal

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10
Q

DT: Above

A

Superior

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11
Q

DT: Below

A

Inferior

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12
Q

DT: Towards midline

A

Medial

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13
Q

DT: Away from midline

A

Lateral

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14
Q

DT: Towards point of attachment

A

Proximal

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15
Q

DT: Away from point of attachment

A

Distal

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16
Q

DT: Towards surface

A

Superficial

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17
Q

DT: Away from surface

A

Deep

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18
Q

DT relating to the transverse plane

A

Superior and inferior

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19
Q

DT relating to Sagittal/Lateral plane

A

Medial and Lateral

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20
Q

DT relating to Frontal/Coronal plane

A

Anterior and Posterior

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21
Q

4 quadrants of the abdominal

A

RUQ, LUQ, RLQ, LLQ

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22
Q

3x3 Abdominal Quadrant: Top right and left

A

Hypochondriac region

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23
Q

3x3 Abdominal Quadrant: Top middle

A

Epigastric region

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24
Q

3x3 Abdominal Quadrant: Middle Right and Left

A

Lumbar region

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25
Q

3x3 Abdominal Quadrant: Middle

A

Umbilical region

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26
Q

3x3 Abdominal Quadrant: Lower Right and Left

A

Iliac region

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27
Q

3x3 Abdominal Quadrant: Lower middle

A

Hypogastric region

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28
Q

What organs can you find in the Right hypochondriac region?

A

Gallbladder and liver

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29
Q

What organs can you find in the Right lumbar region?

A

Ascending colon

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30
Q

What organs can you find in the Right Iliac region?

A

Cecum and appendix

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31
Q

What organs can you find in the Epigastric region?

A

Stomach

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32
Q

What organs can you find in the Left hypochondriac region?

A

Spleen

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33
Q

What organs can you find in the Umbilical region?

A

Small intestine

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34
Q

What organs can you find in the Left lumbar region?

A

Descending colon of large intestine

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35
Q

What organs can you find in the Hypogastric region?

A

Bladder

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36
Q

What organs can you find in the Left iliac region?

A

Sigmoid colon

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37
Q

What is homeostasis

A

Balance among all the body systems needed for the body to survive and function correctly
- Maintenance of a stable internal environment

38
Q

What happens if there’s no homeostasis in the body?

A

Disease / Death, aging

39
Q

3 things that control homeostasis

A
  • receptors
  • control center
  • effector
40
Q

Takes way stimulus

A

Negative feedback loops

41
Q

Adds to the stimulus

A

Positive feedback loops

42
Q

Metric system for volume, mass, and length

A

Liter, gram, meter

43
Q

11 Organ systems 1/3

A

(LENS)
- Lymphatic
- Endocrine
- Nervous
- Skeletal

44
Q

11 Organ systems 2/3

A

(CRUD)
- Cardiovascular
- Respiratory
- Urinary
- Digestive

45
Q

11 Organ systems 3/3

A

(RIM)
- Reproductive
- Integumentary
- Muscular

46
Q

What does the Endocrine system do / responsible for?

A
  • Hormone production
  • Comm long distance through the body
47
Q

What does the Cardiovascular system do / responsible for?

A

Key transportation for nutrients, hormones, oxygen

48
Q

What does the Reproductive system do / responsible for?

A

Production of hormones and gametes

49
Q

What does the Lymphatic system do / responsible for?

A

Return tissue fluid to the blood, defend against infection

50
Q

What does the Digestive system do / responsible for?

A

Physical and chemical break down of nutrients

51
Q

What does the Respiratory system do / responsible for?

A

Gas exchange

52
Q

What does the Urinary system do / responsible for?

A

Removal of nitrogenous waste, solute and iron balance

53
Q

What does the Skeletal system do / responsible for?

A

Framework, protection, movement, stores calcium ions, blood production

54
Q

What does the Muscular system do / responsible for?

A

Movement, posture, body heat

55
Q

What does the Nervous system do / responsible for?

A

Comm throughout the body, reacts to changes inside/outside of body

56
Q

What is Anatomy

A

Describes the structure of the body
- what and where

57
Q

What is Physiology

A

The function and the parts
- how

58
Q

Structural organization that make up the body

A

Atom - molecule - macromolecule - organelle - cell - tissue - organ - organ system - organism

59
Q

Structural organization that make up the body (body parts example)

A

Hydrogen atom - amino acid - protein - mitochondria - cardiac muscle cell - heart - cardiovascular system - human

60
Q

What portion includes the head, neck, and torso

A

Axial

61
Q

Which portion includes the limbs

A

Appendicular

62
Q

What are the 2 major cavities of the axial portion

A

Dorsal cavity and Ventral cavity

63
Q

What 2 cavities make up the ventral cavity

A

Thoracic and Abdominopelvic

64
Q

Serous membrane that lines the wall of the abdominal cavity

A

Parietal peritoneum

65
Q

The membrane that covers the surface of the abdominopelvic organs is the

A

Visceral peritoneum

66
Q

Lines compartments of the thoracic cavity

A

Parietal pleura

67
Q

Covers the lungs

A

Visceral pleura

68
Q

Lines the pericardial cavity

A

Parietal pericardium

69
Q

Covers the heart

A

Visceral pericardium

70
Q

Lines the abdominal cavity

A

Parietal peritoneum

71
Q

Word to describe what lines a compartment/cavity

A

Parietal

72
Q

Word to describe what covers an organ

A

Visceral

73
Q

Word to describe thoracic cavity / lungs

A

Pleura

74
Q

Word to describe pericardial cavity / heart

A

Pericardium

75
Q

Which homeostatic regulation mechanism is most common

A

Negative feedback

76
Q

Regulation of blood glucose levels is a primary function of a component of which system

A

Endocrine

77
Q

Regarding homeostatic mechanism, the human brain functions as which component

A

Control center

78
Q

Which of the following are examples of positive feedback in action

A

Parturition, blood clotting

79
Q

Regarding thermoregulation, which of the following are the most important generators of body heat

A

Skeletal muscles

80
Q

If the liver is sectioned into equal anterior and posterior portions, what sectional plane was used to divide it

A

Frontal

81
Q

Where is the spleen located

A

LUQ

82
Q

What term is used to describe two or more tissue types working together to perform complex functions

A

Organ

83
Q

Which system is most involved with the transport of cells and dissolved materials throughout the body

A

Cardiovascular

84
Q

Which organ system includes the hair and nails

A

Integumentary

85
Q

Which part of a homeostatic mechanism senses an environmental stimulus

A

Receptor

86
Q

Which word root means “without”

A

A-

87
Q

Which word root means “under”

A

Hypo-

88
Q

What does the word root “inter” mean

A

Between

89
Q

What is the “crevicis” region

A

Neck

90
Q

Which of the following is found on the body’s anterior surface

A

Antecubital

91
Q

Which of the following parts is found on the upper limb

A

Carpus

92
Q

What is the acromion part of

A

Shoulder

Anatomy & Physiology (12 decks)

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