Modification of Mendelian Ratio

Question 1

Most frequently encountered allele in a population, arbitrarily considered as normal.

Answer 1

Wild-type allele

Question 2

Modification of genetic sequence.

Answer 2

Mutation

Question 3

Mutation that brought about diminished functionality of the gene.

Answer 3

Loss of function mutation

Question 4

Eventual loss of function of a gene due to mutation.

Answer 4

Null allele

Question 5

Increased activity of a gene due to mutation.

Answer 5

Gain of function mutation

Question 6

Mutation in a gene that does not necessarily altered its activity.

Answer 6

Neutral mutation

Question 7

Lowercase and italicized (dd)

Answer 7

Recessive allele

Question 8

Uppercase and italicized (DD)

Answer 8

Dominant allele

Question 9

Both alleles are DOMINANT thereby expressing 2 distinct gene products.

Answer 9

Heterozygotes

Question 10

In a population of organisms, the presence of three or more alleles of the same gene.

Answer 10

Multiple alleles

Question 11

Simplest case of multiple alleles is that which three alternative alleles of one gene exist.

Answer 11

The ABO Blood Group

Question 12

Discovered ABO Blood Group

Answer 12

Karl Landsteiner

Question 13

A antigen

Answer 13

A phenotype

Question 14

B antigen

Answer 14

B phenotype

Question 15

A and B antigen

Answer 15

AB phenotype

Question 16

neither antigen

Answer 16

O phenotype

Question 17

A rare variant of the ABO antigen system in which affected individuals do not have A or B antigens and thus appear to have blood type O, even though their genotype may carry unexpressed alleles for the A and/or B antigen.

Answer 17

The Bombay phenotype

Question 18

Genetic mutation which might lead to death.

Answer 18

Lethal Alleles

Question 19

Genes function primarily for the expression/production of substances essential to life.

Answer 19

Lethal Alleles

Question 20

[3] Mutations in genes that do such may be lethal:

Answer 20

1. Heterozygous recessive lethal allele
2. Homozygous recessive lethal allele
3. Dominant lethal allele

Question 21

It is defined as the tendency for alleles close together on the same chromosome to be transmitted together as an intact unit through meiosis.

Answer 21

Genetic linkage

Question 22

The nonreciprocal interaction between nonallelic genes such that one gene influences or interferes with the expression of another gene, leading to a specific phenotype.

Answer 22

Epistasis

Question 23

Other cases of gene interaction yield novel, or new, phenotypes in the F2 generation, in addition to producing modified dihybrid ratios.

Answer 23

Novel Phenotypes

Question 24

The lethal mutation is present (mutation that leads to total non-functionality of the gene) but there is another allele that may compensate.

Answer 24

Heterozygous recessive lethal allele

Question 25

lethal indeed.

Answer 25

Homozygous recessive lethal allele

Question 26

Inheritance of even just one copy is lethal.

Answer 26

Dominant lethal allele