Model Organisms

Question 1

A non-human species that is extensively studied to understand basic biological phenomena, with the expectation that discoveries made in the model organism can be extrapolated to other species, including humans.

Answer 1

Model organism

Question 2

Small adult size.

Answer 2

Model organism

Question 3

Rapid development with short life cycles.

Answer 3

Model organism

Question 4

Can be breed in large numbers.

Answer 4

Model organism

Question 5

Readily available and inexpensive maintenance.

Answer 5

Model organism

Question 6

Similar genes or similar-sized genomes to humans.

Answer 6

Model organism

Question 7

Tractability to experimental methodology.

Answer 7

Model organism

Question 8

8 types of Model Orgasim

Answer 8

1. Bacteria
2. Yeast
3. Arabidopsis thaliana
4. Caenorhabditid elegans
5. Drosophila melanogaster
6. Danio rerio
7. Chick embryo
8. Mouse

Question 9

The foundations of molecular biology were based on studies of this model organism.

[model organism]

Answer 9

Bacteria

Question 10

Antibiotics

[model organism]

Answer 10

Bacteria

Question 11

Recombinant DNA technologies

[model organism]

Answer 11

Bacteria

Question 12

Eukaryotic system

[model organism]

Answer 12

Yeast

Question 13

Signaling molecules and cell cycle are nearly similar.

[model organism]

Answer 13

Yeast

Question 14

Good model system to understand many human diseases including cancer.

[model organism]

Answer 14

Yeast

Question 15

Ease of genetic manipulation allows its use for analyzing and functionally dissecting gene products from other eukaryotes.

[model organism]

Answer 15

Yeast

Question 16

Last decade four Nobel prizes were awarded for discoveries involving yeast.

[model organism]

Answer 16

Yeast

Question 17

One of the best characterized multicellular animal at the level of genomics, genetics, embryology.

[model organism]

Answer 17

Caenorhabditis elegans

Question 18

Its genome is fully sequenced.

[model organism]

Answer 18

Caenorhabditis elegans

Question 19

It is unique in that it can be grown and genetically manipulated with the speed and ease of a microorganism while offering the features of a real animal.

[model organism]

Answer 19

Caenorhabditis elegans

Question 20

Has a full set of organ systems, has complex sensory systems, shows coordinated behavior, and it is possible to trace the lineage of everyone of its approximately 1000 constituent cells.

[model organism]

Answer 20

Caenorhabditis elegans

Question 21

C. elegans Life Cycle and Research [4]

Answer 21

1. Developmental and Cell
2. Neurobiology
3. Aging
4. Human disease studies

Question 22

A versatile model organism that has been used extensively for biomedical research.

[model organism]

Answer 22

Fruit fly (Drosophila)

Question 23

Easy-to-manipulate genetic system and can be used to study development, physiology and behavior.

[model organism]

Answer 23

Fruit fly (Drosophila)

Question 24

Biological complexity comparable to that of a mammal.

[model organism]

Answer 24

Fruit fly (Drosophila)

Question 25

Many organ systems in mammals have well conserved homologous in Drosophila. [model organism]

Answer 25

Fruit fly (Drosophila)

Question 26

Has provided new insights into forms of cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, behavior, immunity, aging, multigenic inheritance, and development. [model organism]

Answer 26

Fruit fly (Drosophila)

Question 27

Small size, short life cycle, ease of culture, and ability to readily produce mutations relevant to human health and disease. [model organism]

Answer 27

Danio rerio

Question 28

The embryonic development can be seen through its transparent egg and closely resembles that of higher vertebrates. [model organism]

Answer 28

Danio rerio

Question 29

Other shared features with humans include blood, kidney, and optical systems. [model organism]

Answer 29

Danio rerio

Question 30

In addition, its genome is half the size of the mouse and human genomes, which is valuable in identification of key vertebrate genes. [model organism]

Answer 30

Danio rerio

Question 31

Development in ex vivo. [model organism]

Answer 31

Danio rerio

Question 32

Entire initial development is transparent. [model organism]

Answer 32

Danio rerio

Question 33

48hrs is enough for the development of most of the organ systems. [model organism]

Answer 33

Danio rerio

Question 34

The chick embryo provides an excellent model system for studying the development of higher vertebrates wherein growth accompanies morphogenesis. [model organism]

Answer 34

Chick embryo

Question 35

Closest mammalian model organism to humans. [model organism]

Answer 35

Mus musculus (mouse)

Question 36

Genes that code for proteins responsible for carrying out vital biological processes in both the human and the mouse share a high degree of similarity. [model organism]

Answer 36

Mus musculus (mouse)

Question 37

A great system for studying and understanding human disease, as well as a mechanism for investigating new treatment strategies in ways that cannot be done in humans. [model organism]

Answer 37

Mus musculus (mouse)

Question 38

Small flowering plant. [model organism]

Answer 38

Arabidopsis Thaliana (thale cress)

Question 39

Has a small genome relative to other plants and is easily grown under laboratory conditions. [model organism]

Answer 39

Arabidopsis Thaliana (thale cress)

Question 40

Amenable to some genetics particularly generation of transgenics. [model organism]

Answer 40

Arabidopsis thaliana (thale cress)

Question 41

Allows insight into numerous features of plant biology, including those of significant value to agriculture, energy, environment, and human health. [model organism]

Answer 41

Arabidopsis thaliana (thale cress)

Question 42

Colon cancer and other concerns.

Answer 42

E.coli

Question 43

Cancer, Werner syndrome

Answer 43

S. cerevisiae

Question 44

Disorders of the nervous system, cancer

Answer 44

D. melanogaster

Question 45

Diabetes

Answer 45

C. elegans

Question 46

Cardiovascular disease

Answer 46

D. rerio

Question 47

Lesch-Nyhan disease, cystic fibrosis, fragile-X syndrome, and many other disease

Answer 47

M. musculus