Mendelian Genetics I

Question 1

Father of Genetics

Answer 1

Gregor Johann Mendel (1866)

Question 2

Major postulates of transmission genetics.

Answer 2

Mendelian Genetics

Question 3

garden pea (Pisum sativum)

Answer 3

Mendelian Genetics

Question 4

Discrete units of inheritance (gene) exist and predicted their behavior during the formation of gametes (elementen).

Answer 4

Mendelian Genetics

Question 5

units of inheritance.

Answer 5

Gene

Question 6

Exist and predicted their behavior during the formation of gametes.

Answer 6

Elementen

Question 7

Mendel’s postulates were accepted as the basis for the study of what is known as?

Answer 7

transmission of genetics

Question 8

easy to grow and hybridize artificially.

Answer 8

Garden pea

Question 9

self-fertilizing in nature.

Answer 9

Garden pea

Question 10

Seven visible features (unit characters), each represented by two contrasting forms, or traits

Answer 10

Garden pea

Question 11

Character: stem height: traits:tall and dwarf.

Answer 11

Garden pea

Question 12

He selected six other visibly contrasting pairs of traits involving seed shape and color, pod shape and color, and pod and flower arrangement.

Answer 12

Garden pea

Question 13

The genetic constitution of an individual (PP, Pp, pp)

Answer 13

Genotype

Question 14

The outward appearance of an individual (purple, white).

Answer 14

Phenotype

Question 15

The phenotype seen when two alternative alleles are present together (Pp: purple).

Answer 15

Dominant phenotype

Question 16

The form of the gene that is expressed when two alternative alleles are present together.

Answer 16

Dominant allele

Question 17

The phenotype that is only seen when two identical alleles are found together (pp: white)

Answer 17

Recessive phenotype

Question 18

The form of the gene that is not expressed when two alternative alleles are present together.

Answer 18

Recessive allele

Question 19

Having two identical alleles (PPor pp)

Answer 19

Homozygous

Question 20

Having two different alleles (Pp)

Answer 20

Heterozygous

Question 21

Mendel’s first three postulates. [3]

Answer 21

1. Unit factor in pairs
2. Dominance/ Recessiveness
3. Segregation

Question 22

Genetic Characters are controlled by unit factors that exist in pairs in individual organisms.

Answer 22

Unit factors in pairs

Question 23

Because the factors occur in pairs, three combinations are possible: two factors fortall, two factors for dwarf,or one factor for each trait.

Answer 23

Unit factors in pairs

Question 24

When two unlike unit factors responsible for a single character are present in a single individual, one unit factor is dominant to the other, which is said to be recessive.

Answer 24

Dominance/Recessiveness

Question 25

The trait expressed in the F1 generation is controlled by the dominant unit factor.

Answer 25

Dominance/Recessiveness

Question 26

The trait not expressed is controlled by the recessive unit factor.

Answer 26

Dominance/Recessiveness

Question 27

Pertains only when unlike unit factors are present in pairs.

Answer 27

Dominance/Recessiveness

Question 28

During the formation of gametes, the paired unit factors separate or segregate randomly so that each gamete receives one or the other with equal likelihood.

Answer 28

Segregation

Question 29

the trait expressed in the F1 generation is controlled by the?

Answer 29

Dominant unit factor

Question 30

The trait not expressed is controlled by the?

Answer 30

Recessive unit factor

Question 31

Mendel’s unit factors represent units of inheritance called?

Answer 31

Genes by modern geneticists

Question 32

The phenotype is determined by alternative forms of a single gene called?

Answer 32

Alleles

Question 33

When alleles are written in pairs to represent the two unit factors (DD, Dd, or dd), these symbols are called the?

Answer 33

Genotype

Question 34

When both alleles are the same (DD or dd), the individual is?

Answer 34

homozygous or homozygote

Question 35

When the alleles are different (Dd), we use the term?

Answer 35

Heterozygous or Heterozygote

Question 36

Punnett square, named after

Answer 36

Reginald C. Punnett

Question 37

The vertical column represents those of the female parent, and the horizontal row represents those of the male parent.

Answer 37

Punnett Squares

Question 38

This process thus lists all possible random fertilization events.

Answer 38

Punnett Squares

Question 39

The genotypes and phenotypes of all potential offspring are ascertained?

Answer 39

Punnett Squares

Question 40

To distinguish the genotype, Mendel devised what?

Answer 40

Testcross method

Question 41

The organism expressing the dominant phenotype, but of unknown genotype, is crossed to a known homozygous recessive individual.

Answer 41

Testcross method

Question 42

Mendel’s simplest crosses involved only ___ pair of contrasting traits.

Answer 42

one

Question 43

When Mendel crossed tall plants with dwarf plants, the resulting F1generation consisted only of ____.

Answer 43

tall plants (gibberellin)

Question 44

[2] pease arise from the R gene.

Answer 44

“round” and “wrinkled”

Question 45

A test cross resulting in all dominant offspring indicates that the parent is?

Answer 45

Homozygous dominant

Question 46

A test cross resulting in a 1:1 ration of yellow to green offspring indicates that the parent is?

Answer 46

Heterozygous