Mod 9- Drugs Affecting GI Motility

Question 1

T/F children can have more severe electrolyte imbalances if given antidiarrheal agents

Answer 1

TRUE- monitor more closely

Question 2

What is cathartic dependence?

Answer 2

When you rely on an outside stimulation to poop

Question 3

These laxatives Chemically irritate the lining of the GI tract

Answer 3

Chemical stimulants

Question 4

These laxatives Cause the fecal matter to increase in bulk

Answer 4

bulk stimulants

Question 5

These laxatives Help the intestinal contents move more smoothly

Answer 5

lubricants

Question 6

These are examples of chemical stimulants

Answer 6

Bisacodyl
Castor Oil
Senna

Question 7

These laxatives work by irritating the nerve plexus

Answer 7

Chemical stimulants
Bisacodyl
Castor Oil
Senna

Question 8

These laxatives can precipitate early labor for someone who is pregnant

Answer 8

chemical stimulants

Question 9

This is an ADE of the chemical stimulant castor oil

Answer 9

blocks absorption of fats and fat-soluble vitamins- nutritional deficiency

Question 10

These are examples of bulk stimulants

Answer 10

Methylcellulose
Polycarbophil
Psyllium- best choice for older adults

Question 11

These can cause pre-term labor

Answer 11

bulk stimulants

Question 12

When should we give bulk stimulants in relation to other drugs

Answer 12

30 min. apart at least depending on medication

Question 13

How do osmotic laxatives work?

Answer 13

Draw more water into GI tract and stimulate increased GI motility

Question 14

Magnesium
Lactulose 
Polyethylene glycol
Sodium picosulfate with magnesium oxide
Are examples of what type of laxatives

Answer 14

Osmotic laxatives

Question 15

Contraindications of osmotic laxative- lactulose

Answer 15

appendicitis, acute surgical abdomen, fecal impaction, intestinal obstruction- pulling fluid won’t clear impaction

Question 16

Lactulose, osmotic laxatives, should be used in caution for people with

Answer 16

diabetes

Question 17

Magnesium, an osmotic laxative, should be used in caution for people with

Answer 17

Renal insufficiency- can have build up of magnesium

Question 18

Polyethylene glycol, an osmotic laxative, should be used with caution for a pt with

Answer 18

seizures

Question 19

Prototype for osmotic laxatives

Answer 19

Magnesium citrate

Question 20

These are examples of lubricant laxatives

Answer 20

Docusate- Has a detergent action on the surface of the intestinal bolus, making a softer stool
Glycerin- Hyperosmolar laxative used to gently evacuate the rectum without systemic effects higher in the GI tract- suppository for children & young infant
Mineral Oil- Forms a slippery coat on the contents of the intestinal tract

Question 21

Use caution for these people if giving them lubricant laxatives

Answer 21

Heart block, CAD, debilitation

Pregnancy and lactation

Question 22

Almost all laxatives cause these ADE

Answer 22

CNS: dizziness, headache, weakness

Sweating, palpitations, flushing, fainting

Question 23

The lubricant, mineral oil, can have this drug/ drug interaction

Answer 23

Frequent use of mineral oil can interfere with absorption of the fat-soluble vitamins A, D, E, and K

Question 24

T/F Laxatives should NOT be chewed and swallowed with a full glass of water

Answer 24

TRUE

Question 25

Why wouldn't we give a laxative to someone with acute abdominal pain, nausea or vomiting

Answer 25

We need to find out first what is the underlying cause

Question 26

This drug is a gastrointestinal stimulant

Answer 26

metoclopramide

Question 27

How do gastrointestinal stimulants work?

Answer 27

Stimulate parasympathetic activity within the GI tract | Increase GI secretions and motility

Question 28

When would a gastrointestinal stimulant be indicated?

Answer 28

Rapid movement of GI contents is desirable | Diabetic gastroparesis- delayed digestion

Question 29

Why are gastrointestinal stimulants contraindicated for a GI obstruction?

Answer 29

Something is obstructing the bowels and impacting more against it will make it worse

Question 30

What effect do gastrointestinal stimulants have on the CV system?

Answer 30

decreased blood pressure and heart rate | Weakness and fatigue

Question 31

Drug/ Drug interactions of GI Stimulants

Answer 31

Digoxin Cyclosporine Alcohol

Question 32

When would we administer GI Stimulants

Answer 32

Administer at least 15 minutes before each meal and at bedtime

Question 33

Why do we monitor diabetics given GI Stimulants?

Answer 33

bc it can effect absorption of things

Question 34

How do antidiarrheal drugs work?

Answer 34

Slow the motility of the GI tract through direct action on the lining of the GI tract

Question 35

What are some antidiarrheal drugs?

Answer 35

Bismuth Subsalicylate Loperamide Opium Derivatives

Question 36

When are antidiarrheal drugs indicated?

Answer 36

Relief of symptoms of acute or chronic diarrhea Reduction of volume of discharge from ileostomies Prevention and treatment of traveler’s diarrhea

Question 37

ADE of antidiarrheal drugs

Answer 37

``` Constipation Abdominal distension Abdominal discomfort Nausea Dry mouth Toxic megacolon Fatigue Weakness Dizziness ```