Mod 9- Antiemetic Agents

Question 1

T/F it is advised not to bother poison control and instead administer an emetic if a child has ingested poison

Answer 1

FALSE-
New guidelines suggest that potential ingestion with poison should prompt an immediate call to the local poison control center and then follow their directions. It is true that the medication should be discarded, but the nurse should follow up by describing the alternative action that is now recommended.

Question 2

These are examples of centrally acting antiemetics (work on the brain receptors)

Answer 2

Phenothiazines
Nonphenothiazines
Serotonin (5-HT3) Receptor Blockers
Substance P/Neurokinin 1 Receptor Antagonists
Miscellaneous Group

Question 3

These antiemetic drugs end in “-azine”

Answer 3

phenothiazines
Prochlorperazine
Chlorpromazine
Perphenazine

Question 4

These antiemetics Depress various areas of the central nervous system (CNS)

Answer 4

phenothiazines

Question 5

These drugs can cause photophobia

Answer 5

phenothiazines

Question 6

Do not use these drugs with other CNS depressants including alcohol

Answer 6

phenothiazines

Question 7

ADE of phenothiazines

Answer 7

CNS: Drowsiness, dizziness, weakness, tremor, headache
CV: Hypotension, hypertension, cardiac arrhythmias
GU: Menstrual disorders, galactorrhea, and gynecomastia

Question 8

Prototype of Phenothiazines

Answer 8

prochlorperazine

Question 9

Metoclopramide is is what category of medication?

Answer 9

Nonphenothiazine

Question 10

What is the action of nonphenothiazines?

Answer 10

Reduces the responsiveness of the nerve cells in the CTZ to circulating chemicals that induce vomit

Question 11

ADE of nonpehnothiazines

Answer 11

CNS- drowsiness, fatigue, restlessness

Extrapyramidal symptoms: dystonia (muscle spasms), akathisia, dyskinesias, parkinsonism

Question 12

What classification of medications end in “-setron”

Answer 12

5-HT3 Receptor Blockers
Granisetron
ondansetron
palonosetron

Question 13

When are 5-HT3 receptor blockers indicated?

Answer 13

postoperative nausea & vomiting; control of severe nausea and vomiting associated with antineoplastic chemotherapy and radiation therapy

Question 14

T/F Caution should be used in pregnancy and lactation for pts taking 5-HT3 receptor blockers?

Answer 14

TRUE

Question 15

ADE of 5HT3 receptor blockers

Answer 15

HA, dizziness, myalgia, constipation

Question 16

5-HT3 Receptor blocker Prototype

Answer 16

Ondansetron

Question 17

What classification of drugs end in “-pitant”

Answer 17

Substance P/Neurokinin 1 Receptor Antagonists

Question 18

How do Substance P/Neurokinin 1 Receptor Antagonists work?

Answer 18

Act directly in the CNS to block receptors associated w/ N/V

Question 19

When are Substance P/Neurokinin 1 Receptor Antagonists indicated?

Answer 19

w/ other agents to control nausea/ vomiting

Question 20

Aprepitant and Rolapitant are examples of what drug?

Answer 20

Substance P/Neurokinin 1 Receptor Antagonists

Question 21

What are the ADE of Substance P/Neurokinin 1 Receptor Antagonists?

Answer 21

Anorexia, fatigue, constipation, diarrhea, liver enzyme elevation, dehydration

Question 22

Drug/ Drug interactions with Substance P/Neurokinin 1 Receptor Antagonists

Answer 22

warfarin, hormonal contraceptives causes decrease of both

Question 23

Substance P/Neurokinin 1 Receptor Antagonists Prototype

Answer 23

Aprepitant

Question 24

Why would a nurse encourage a patient taking aprepitant to drink water?

Answer 24

ADE is dehydration

Question 25

These miscellaneous agents contain the active ingredients of cannabis

Answer 25

Dronabinol and nabilone

Question 26

This drug may suppress cortical areas of the CNS

Answer 26

Hydroxyzine

Question 27

This miscellaneous agent is not associated w/ as much sedation and CNS suppression as other agents

Answer 27

Tribethobenzamide