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Pharm Exams > Mod 8- Anti-inflammatory, Antiarthritis, and Related Agents > Flashcards

Mod 8- Anti-inflammatory, Antiarthritis, and Related Agents Flashcards

1
Q

These should NEVER be used in children for viral infection/ chicken pox… why?

A

Salicylates d/t risk of rye syndrome

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2
Q

What are the actions of salicylates?

A 
blocks inflammatory response 
antipyretic properties (fever blocking) 
analgesic properties (pain blocking)
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3
Q

Common salicylate medication

A

aspirin- treat inflammatory conditions, reduces CV complication b/c antiplatelet properties
Mesalamine- treats inflammation of the large intestine

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4
Q

Contraindications of Salicylates

A

known allergy, bleeding abnormalities, impaired renal function

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5
Q

ADE of Salicylates

A

effects on stomach, ulcers & bleeding, & clotting systems

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6
Q

Drug/ drug interactions of Salicylates

A

many other drugs by interfering w/ absorption; messes w/ liver

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7
Q

What would you assess for in a pt taking Salicylates

A

liver evaluation and monitor bowel sounds, check stool for GI bleeding

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8
Q

T/F maintaining hydration helps minimize the risk of Salicylate toxicity

A

TRUE

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9
Q

Salicylate prototype

A

Aspirin

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10
Q

Common NSAIDs

A

Propionic acids- ibuprofen, naproxen
Acetic acids- indomethacin, ketolorac
Osicam derivatives- meloxicam
Cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors- celecoxib (celebrex)

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11
Q

Action of NSAIDs

A

Block 2 enzymes COX-1 and COX-2

provides strong anti-inflammatory and analgesic; antipyretic effects too

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12
Q

Contraindications for NSAIDs

A

allergy to NSAIDs or salicylates
Celecoxib is contraindicated in allergies to sulfonamide
CV dysfunction or hypertension, peptic ulcer, GI bleeding, pregnancy, lactation

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13
Q

Cautions for NSAIDs

A

renal/ hepatic dysfunction

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14
Q

ADE of NSAIDs

A

nausea, dyspepsia, GI pain, constipation, diarrhea; GI bleed, somnolence, platelet inhibition, hypertension, bone marrow depression

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15
Q

Drug/ Drug interactions for NSAIDs

A

decreased diuretic effects when taken w/ loop diuretics
potential for antihypertensive effects when taken w/ beta-blockers
Lithium toxicity when combined w/ ibuprofen

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16
Q

What is the action of acetaminophen?

A

acts directly on the thermoregulatory cells of the hypothalamus; mechanism is unknown but related to analgesic effect
used to treat pain/ fever; pain associated w/ arthritis

17
Q

Contraindications for acetaminophen

A

known allergy, caution w/ pregnancy & lactation, hepatic dysfunction or chronic alcoholism, can be hard on liver w/ chronic use

18
Q

Drug/ drug interactions w/ acetaminophen

A

oral coagulants increase bleeding

hepatotoxicity w/ barbiturates, carbamazepine, hydantoins, rifampin

19
Q

What is the action of gold compounds?

A

they are absorbed by macrophages which results in inhibition of phagocytosis which means tissue destruction is decreased

20
Q

Contraindications for Gold Compounds

A

Diabetes, CHF, renal/hepatic impairment, blood dyscrasias (increases toxicity), pregnancy/ lactation

21
Q

ADE of gold compounds

A

stomatitis, glossitis, gingivitis, bone marrow depression, dermatitis, interstitial pneumonitis and anaphylactic shock

22
Q

Drug/ drug interactions of gold compounds

A

pencillamine, antimalarials, cytotoxic drugs, immunosuppressive agents

23
Q

Gold compound prototype

A

Auranofin

24
Q

When are Disease Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs (DMARDs) used?

A

Early in dx prior to joint damage b/c it aggressively effects inflammation
side effects can be life-threatening

25
Q

Common Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) Blockers

A

adalimumab- humira used for many autoimmune
etanercept
infliximab

26
Q

Action of TNF blockers

A

Block TNF, a locally released cytokine that can cause the death of tumor cells and stimulate a wide range of proinflammatory activities

27
Q

Contraindications for TNF blockers

A

have immunosupressive properties

no acute infection, cancer, sepsis, TB, hepatitis

28
Q

Cautions for TNF blockers

A

pregnancy, lactation, renal/ hepatic impairment

29
Q

ADE of TNF blockers

A

SERIOUS risk of fatal infections and lymphomas and other cancers

30
Q

Drug/ drug interactions of TNF blockers

A

immune suppressants and live vaccines

31
Q

TNF Blocker prototype

A

Etanercept

32
Q

What important screening needs to be done with DMARDs

A

cancer screenings/ TB test

33
Q

How are DMARDs administered?

A

Subcutaneous injections

Pharm Exams (25 decks)

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