Mod 15,16,17

Question 0

Classical Conditioning

Answer 0

Type of learning where stimulus gains power to cause a response because it predicts another stimulus that already produces the response

Question 1

Learning

Answer 1

Org ament change in behavior due to experience

Touching stove and getting burned and not touching it again

Question 2

Stimulus

Answer 2

Anything in the environment that one can respond to

The hot stove

Question 3

Response

Answer 3

Any behavior or action

Jumping back from stove because you were surprised after you got burned

Question 4

Behaviorism

Answer 4

View that psychology should restrict its efforts to studying observable behaviors

Only studying how people react

Question 5

John Watson

Answer 5

Founder of behaviorism.

How people act and why

Question 6

Cognition

Answer 6

All of the mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, and remembering

Remembering your birthday

Question 7

Unconditional stimulus

Answer 7

In classical conditioning, a stimulus that triggers a response automatically and reflexively

Being burned by stove

Question 8

Unconditioned response

Answer 8

In classical conditioning, the automatic response to the unconditioned stimulus

Jumping back from the stove

Question 9

Conditioned stimulus

Answer 9

In classical conditioning, a previous neural stimulus that has gained the power to produce a conditioned response

Answering a certain question after memorizing the answer easily

Question 10

Acquisition

Answer 10

In classical conditioning the process ofo developing a learned response

Slowly remembering parts of the answer to the question from notecards

Question 11

Extinction

Answer 11

In classical conditioning, the diminishing of a learned response

Forgetting the answer to the question after not being asked about it for a year

Question 12

Spontaneous recovery

Answer 12

The reappearance of an extinguished conditioned response

Suddenly remembering the answer after the year

Question 13

Ivan Pavlov

Answer 13

Learning theorist famous for the discovery of classical conditioning

Dog saliva

Question 14

Generalization

Answer 14

A process in which organism produces the same response to two similar stimuli

Dogs responding to the bell and clang

Question 15

Discrimination

Answer 15

A process in which an organism produces different responses to two similar stimuli
Dogs responding to clang but not bell

Question 16

Rosalie rayner

Answer 16

Graduate student of John Watson co researcher for little Albert expirement

Kid learning to respond with fear to loud noises

Question 17

John Garcia

Answer 17

Identified the taste aversion which classical conditioning was influenced by biological predispositions

That dogs salivaited sooner and sooner after learning what was going to happen

Question 18

Robert rescorla

Answer 18

Developed theory that emphasized the importance of cognitive processes in classical conditioning

Question 19

Operant conditioning

Answer 19

A type of learning in which the frequency of a behavior depends on the consequence that follows that behavior

Positive encourages the dolphin to repeat while punishment makes the dolphin scared

Question 20

Edward Thorndike

Answer 20

Author of the law of effect, the principle that forms the basis of operant conditioning

Question 21

B F Skinner

Answer 21

Developed the fundamental principles and techniques of operant conditioning

Question 22

Reinforcement

Answer 22

Any consequence that increases the likelihood of a behaviour

Dolphin jumping then getting a fish, or pet , or not jumping and being ignored

Question 23

Punishment

Answer 23

Any consequence that decreases the likelihood of a behavior

Ignoring the dolphin after it doesn’t jump

Question 24

Positive reinforcement

Answer 24

In operant conditioning, anything that increases the likelihood of a behavior by following it with a desirable event of state

Giving the dolphin a smelt

Question 25

Negative reinforcement

Answer 25

In operant conditioning, amything that increases the likelihood of a behavior by following it with the removal of an undesirable event or state

Spanking the dog for tearing the carpet

Question 26

Primary reinforcement

Answer 26

Something that is naturally reinforcing such as food, warmth, and water

Giving the dolphin a herring for jumping.

Question 27

Secondary reinforcement

Answer 27

Something that you have learned to value, such as money

The babysitter gets money

Question 28

Shaping

Answer 28

Reinforcement of behaviors that are more and more similar to the one you want to occur.

Getting paid more and more for babysitting

Question 29

Discrimination

Answer 29

The ability to distinguish between two comparison signals or stimuli

Dolphin responding to one signal by jumping and another by waving

Question 30

Continuos reinforcement

Answer 30

In operant conditioning a schedule of reinforcement in which a reward follows every correct response

The dolphin getting a reward after every jump

Question 31

Partial reinforcement schedule

Answer 31

In operant conditioning a schedule of reinforcement in which a reward follows only some correct responses

A dolphin gets a reward sometimes it jumps

Question 32

Fixed interval schedule

Answer 32

In operant conditioning a partial reinforcement schedule that rewards only the first correct response after some defined period of time

Potty training

Question 33

Variable interval schedule

Answer 33

In operant conditioning a partial reinforcement schedule that rewards the first correct response after an unpredictable amount of time

Putting away dishes

Question 34

Fixed ration schedule

Answer 34

In operant conditioning rewards a response only after some defined number of correct responses

Learning notecards

Question 35

Variable ratio schedule

Answer 35

In operant conditioning rewards an unpredictable number of correct responses

Putting laundry away

Question 36

Latent learning

Answer 36

Learning that occurs but is not apparent until the learner has an incentive to demonstrate it

Math test

Question 37

Cognitive map

Answer 37

A mental representation of a place

Remembering a place

Question 38

Over justification effect

Answer 38

The effect of promising a reward for doing what one already likes to do. The reward may replace the persons original and natural motivation, so that the behavior stops if the reward is eliminated.

Loving working with horses but only working to be paid

Question 39

Observational learning

Answer 39

Learning by observing others

Dolphin learning by watching another dolphin

Question 40

Model

Answer 40

The person observed in observational learning

The dolphin

Question 41

Modeling

Answer 41

The process of observing and imitating a specific behavior

The dolphin watching then jumping when the signal is given

Question 42

Albert bandura

Answer 42

Major figure in study of observational learning and other important topics

Question 43

Antisocial behavior

Answer 43

Negative, destructive, unhelpful behavior

Dolphin biting

Question 44

Pro social behavior

Answer 44

Positive, constructive, helpful behaviors

Dolphin playing