MOA - Antibiotics/Antifungals Flashcards
What is Amoxicillin?
a semisynthetic penicillin derivative that inhibits the biosynthesis of bacterial cell wall mucopeptide. Typically active against Streptococcus, Enterococcus, Staphylococcus, and Enterobacteriaceae.
What is the function of Clavulanate in Amoxicillin/Clavulanate?
a beta-lactamase inhibitor that protects antibiotic component from degradation by beta-lactamases.
What type of bacteria is Cefdinir active against?
a 3rd-generation cephalosporin with activity against a number of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria including β-lactamase-producing strains.
What is Cefuroxime?
a 2nd generation cephalosporin with activity against H. influenzae, including β-lactamase producing strains.
What is the activity of Cephalexin?
a 1st-generation cephalosporin that inhibits bacterial wall synthesis of actively dividing cells. It is active against most gram-positive bacteria and some gram-negative bacteria.
What is Chlorhexidine?
an antiseptic and antimicrobial drug with bactericidal activity against gram-positive and gram-negative organisms.
What is the mechanism of action of Ciprofloxacin?
inhibits bacterial DNA gyrase and is highly active against aerobic, gram-negative bacilli.
What is the role of Clarithromycin?
binds to the 50S ribosomal subunit of the 70S ribosome, inhibiting bacterial RNA-dependent protein synthesis.
What is Clindamycin Oral used for?
is active against most gram-positive organisms except enterococci and Clostridium difficile, inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis.
What is Doxycycline?
is a broad-spectrum bacteriostatic compound that inhibits protein synthesis at the 30S ribosomal subunit.
What is the mechanism of action of Erythromycin?
binds to the 50S ribosomal subunit and inhibits RNA-dependent protein synthesis.
What is Fidaxomicin used for?
acts locally in the GI tract on C. difficile via inhibition of RNA polymerases.
What is the function of Levofloxacin?
inhibits bacterial DNA gyrase and is highly active against aerobic, gram-negative bacilli.
What is Metronidazole effective against?
is active against T. vaginalis, E. histolytica, and G. lamblia; it is bactericidal against nearly all obligate anaerobic bacteria.
What is the activity of Minocycline?
is a broad-spectrum bacteriostatic compound that inhibits protein synthesis at the 30S ribosomal subunit.
What is Moxifloxacin used for?
inhibits bacterial topoisomerase II and IV and is effective for respiratory tract infections.
What is Mupirocin?
is an antibacterial agent active against a wide range of gram-positive bacteria, inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis.
What is Nitrofurantoin?
a synthetic nitrofuran that inactivates bacterial ribosomes and is bactericidal in urine.
What is the mechanism of action of Penicillin?
interfere with late stages of bacterial cell wall synthesis, active against most gram-positive organisms.
What does Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole do?
one component competitively inhibits the synthesis of dihydropteroic acid, while another inhibits the reduction of dihydrofolic acid.
What is Azithromycin?
macrolide antibiotic that binds to the 50S ribosomal subunit, interfering with microbial protein synthesis.
What is Gatifloxacin Ophthalmic used for?
inhibits bacterial DNA gyrase and is highly active against aerobic, gram-negative bacilli.
What is the function of Fluconazole?
inhibits biosynthesis of ergosterol, damaging the fungal cell wall membrane.
What is Ketoconazole Topical used for?
inhibits biosynthesis of ergosterol, damaging the fungal cell wall membrane.
