MMT: non-pharmacologic therapies for HF Flashcards
What are the surgical options for HF?
Open or closed heart surgeries
What is cardiopulmonary bypass?
A machine that takes over the job of heart and lungs so the heart can be emptied
What is catheterization?
A procedure performed by entering the heart via blood vessels, which allows us to avoid cracking the sternum and exposing the heart. Can use this to replace valves, close holes, and open holes
What are pacemakers?
Implanted devices that generate pulses of electricity to stimulate the heart
What can pacemakers treat?
Bradycardia, tachycardia, or dyssynchronous rhythm
Where are pacemaker leads usually placed?
In the right atrium close to the SA node and ventricular apex
What would a sharp spike before a wider QRS on EKG indicate?
The patient has a pacemaker
What factors can prevent a pacemaker from working?
Failure to capture, battery failure, lead dislodgement, exposure to magnetic fields, hypothyroidism
How is sinus node dysfunction paced?
Atrialy
How is AV node dysfunction paced?
It is sensed atrially but paced ventricularly
What can pacemakers help with in HF?
Synchronizing the ventricles
What is an ICD?
A small, implanted device that generates a pulse to shock someone out of vfib
What is ablation?
A procedure that removes a pathway creating abnormal rhythm
What arrhythmias can ablation be useful for?
Afib, accessory pathways, vtach
What are the methods of ablation?
Radiofrequency (more permanent) or cryoablation (less permanent). Both form non-conductive scar tissue in the area of interest.
