Mitosis and Meiosis Flashcards
1 cell division:
2 daughter cells
Diploid = 2n
23 pairs of chromosomes = 46 Chromosomes
MITOSIS
2 cell divisions:
4 cells product
of meiosis
Haploid = n
23 chromosomes
MEIOSIS
Replication of DNA
Interphase
Same gene sequence
Same loci
Centromere location
Chromosomal length
Homologous chromosomes
chromosomes begin to condense and attain a compact structure.
Leptotene
Chromosomal synapsis - pairing of chromosomes.
Zygotene
A force that connects 2 chromosomes in zygotene
Synaptonemal complex.
It forms bivalent or tetrad form.
zygotene
crossing over of non-sister chromatids of homologous chromosomes.
Pachytene
Formation of chiasma
Pachytene
The dissolution of the synaptonemal complex and separation of the homologous chromosomes except at the sites of cross-over.
Diplotene
The X-shaped structures formed during separation are known in diplotene is
chiasmata
Termination of chiasmata
Diakinesis
assembly of the meiotic spindle to separate the homologous chromosomes, nucleolus disappears and the nuclear envelope breaks down.
Diakinesis
Random pairing of chromosomes in the middle
Metaphase I
tool used by scientists to identify, organize, and study human
chromosomes
Karyotyping
Removes chromosomal segment
deletion
repeats a segment
duplication
inverses segment within a chromosome
inversion
moves segment from one chromosome to another non chromatid
translocation
occurs when homologous chromosomes (meiosis I) or sister chromatids (meiosis II) fail to separate during meiosis.
Nondisjunction
state of having a chromosome number that is an exact multiple of a chromosome number
Euploidy
