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Dermatology > Misc > Flashcards

Misc Flashcards

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Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

What is erythropoietic protoporphyria?

A

Discomfort, itch or tingling in sunlight. Most commonly in young children.

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2
Q

What causes erythropoietic protoporphyria?

A

A build up of protoporphyrin IX due to a lack of ferrochelatase enzyme

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3
Q

What is porphyria cutanea tarda?

A

Blistering, scarring and milia formation of dorsal arms and forearms and hypertrichosis ( excess hair growth).

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4
Q

What causes porphyria cutanea tarda?

A

Can be associated with alcoholics.

More commonly a deficiency of of uroporphyrinogen enzyme

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5
Q

What is a first degree burn?

A

reaches the epidermis

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6
Q

What is a second degree burn?

A

A burn which reaches the epidermis and the dermis

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7
Q

What is a third degree burn?

A

reaches beyond the dermis

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8
Q

Give examples of drugs which can flare psoriasis

A

Lithium and beta blockers

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9
Q

What other parts of the body can psoriasis affect?

A

Joints, nails, skin, mucosal surfaces

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10
Q

True or False?

Anxiety, depression and alcoholism has a link with psoriasis.

A

True

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11
Q

What is onycholysis?

A

separation of nail from nail bed

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12
Q

What is the difference in an erythema and a purpura?

A

Erythema will blanchE

Purpura will not.

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13
Q

What is a macule?

A

Flat. 1cm then a patch

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14
Q

What is a papule?

A

0.5cm then a nodule

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15
Q

What is a vesicle?

A
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16
Q

What is crusting?

A

Dried exudate

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17
Q

What is an ulcer?

A

Deep break into the dermis

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18
Q

What is a plaque?

A

raised edge and a flat surface

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19
Q

What is the name given to a birth mark?

A

Congenital nevus

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20
Q

What does a “pearly rim” suggest?

A

Basal cell carcinoma

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21
Q

What can a basal cell papilloma be confused with?

A

A malignant melanoma

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22
Q

What are the different types of configuration of skin lesions?

A

Discrete, grouped, confluent, annular

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23
Q

What would you give to treat shingles?

A

Aciclovir and abx lotion

24
Q

What are umbilicated papules?

A

Depressed in the centre

25
Q

How are steroids prescribed?

A

Very potent then on sliding scale downwards

26
Q

Give an example of a very potent steroid

A

Dermovate

27
Q

What is a potent steroid?

A

Betnovate

28
Q

What is a macule?

A

Flat. 1cm then a patch

29
Q

What is a papule?

A

0.5cm then a nodule

30
Q

What is a vesicle?

A

Fluid filled then a bulla

31
Q

What is crusting?

A

Dried exudate

32
Q

What is an ulcer?

A

Deep break into the dermis

33
Q

What is a plaque?

A

raised edge and a flat surface

34
Q

What is the name given to a birth mark?

A

Congenital nevus

35
Q

What does a “pearly rim” suggest?

A

Basal cell carcinoma

36
Q

What can a basal cell papilloma be confused with?

A

A malignant melanoma

37
Q

What are the different types of configuration?

A

Discrete, grouped, confluent, annular

38
Q

What would you give to treat shingles?

A

Aciclovir and abx lotion

39
Q

What are umbilicated papules?

A

Depressed in the centre

40
Q

How are steroids prescribed?

A

Very potent then on sliding scale downwards

41
Q

Give an example of a very potent steroid

A

Dermovate

42
Q

What is a potent steroid?

A

Betnovate

43
Q

What is trimovate?

A

A moderately potent combination which includes an antibacterial

44
Q

What is the maximum length of time a potent steroid be used for?

A

Maximum 14 days

45
Q

How long should be left between applying an emollient and a steroid?

A

20 minutes

46
Q

What are some side effects of topical steroids?

A 
Thinning of the skin (atrophy) 
Bruising (ecchymosis) 
Stretch marks (striae distensae) 
Glaucoma 
Acne
47
Q

What does indurated mean?

A

Hardened

48
Q

What is the definition of cellulitis?

A

Infection associated with deeper layer of the dermis. Not associated with necrosis.

49
Q

What can patients put in their bath to dry weeping skin?

A

Potassium permanganate

50
Q

When would you use a Woods light?

A

Some organisms which cause scalp ringworm produce green fluorescence.
Some pigmentary disorders are more clearly visible in the light espec. tuberous sclerosis and the café-au-lait marks of neurofibromatosis.

51
Q

What chemical is added to scrapings in order to see cells more clearly?

A

Potassium Hydroxide

52
Q

What is the difference in erysipelas and cellulitis?

A

Erysipelas is an infection contained superficially while cellulitis stretches to the dermis

53
Q

What bacteria is cellulitis commonly caused by?

A

Strep pyogenes

54
Q

What bacteria causes cellulitis is children?

A

H influenza

55
Q

What antibiotic would you prescribe for normal cellulitis?

A

Penicillin or erythromycin if allergic

56
Q

What is the 1st line treatment for rosacea?

A

Metronidazole gel

Dermatology (19 decks)

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