Immunology and biochemistry Flashcards
What are the cells called in the keratin layer?
corneocytes from keratinocytes
Which proteins are found in the keratin layer?
Filaggrin
involucrin
keratin
What activates keratinocytes?
UV light and sensitisers like allergic contact dermatitis
What are AMPs?
Anti-microbial peptides which kill pathogens directly
True or False.
Keratinocytes produce cytokines and chemokines.
True
What is a Langerhans cell?
A dendritic cell which are antigen presenting cells
What kind of T cells are found in the epidermis?
mainly CD8+ cells
Where are CD4+ cells found?
The dermis
What kind of T helper cells are associated with psoriasis?
TH1
What cells are Birbeck granules found in?
Langerhans cell
What kind of T helper cells are involved in atopic dermatitis?
TH2
Psoriasis and atopic dermatitis have which T helper cells in common?
TH17
Where are T cells produced?
Bone marrow
Where do T cells mature?
thymus
What is an MHC?
major histocompatibility complex
What do CD8+ cells do?
Kill infected cells directly and so protect against viruses and cancers
What do neutrophils do in the dermis?
they are circulating leukocytes attracted to tissue by chemokines
What do mast cells do in the dermis?
Found in the barrier membranes.
Effectors of IgE mediated allergy.
Where are class I MHC’s found?
almost all cells and they present antigens to cytotoxic T cells.
Where are class II MHCs found?
Found on antigen presenting cells and present to T helper cells.
Where can psoriasis affect?
Skin, nails, joints.
What are the trigger factors for psoriasis?
mild skin trauma
HIV infection
psychological stress
certain medications e.g. beta blockers or lithium
What is the immunopathogenesis of psoriasis?
When keratanocytes are under stress they stimulate the dendritic cells to produce interferon alpha.
The dendritic cells activate T cells when they migrate to the lymph node of the skin.
What T helper cells are involved in the immunopathogenesis of psoriasis?
TH1 and TH17
