Drug eruptions Flashcards
What kind of reactions are immunologically mediated reactions?
urticaria in type I
pemphigus and pemphigoid in type II
purpura in type III
erythema in type IV
What kind of reactions are non immunologically mediated?
ezcema, alopecia, phototoxicity, psoriasis, pigmentation
What is xerosis?
Very dry skin
What is the relationship between dosage and reaction?
In immunologically mediated reactions the dosage has no effect i.e. even a small amount of the drug can cause a reaction.
The opposite is true for non-immunologically mediated reactions.
Who is more likely to get a drug eruption?
Male or females?
Females
Who is more likely to get a drug eruption?
Teens or infants/elderly?
Teens
What are the risk factors for drug eruptions?
the biochemistry- NSAIDs common, high molecular weight
the route????
the half life- the shorter the half like the less likely.
What is the most common type of drug reaction?
Exanthematous drug eruptions.
It is usually mild and self-limiting with pruritus, mild fever and spared mucous membranes.
what is the onset for exanthematous drug eruptions?
4-21 days
What are the indicators of a potential severe reaction?
involvement of mucous membranes, fever >38.5, blisters, lymphadenopathy, facial oedema.
What kind of drugs have been linked with exanthematous drug eruptions?
Penicillins. Erythromycin/ streptomycin Anti-epileptics NSAIDs Phenytoin
What kind of drugs can cause urticaria on first exposure?
Aspirin, opiates, NSAIDs, vancomycin, quinolones.
What is a common dermatological side effect of steroids?
Acne
