MIL Flashcards
PMINT
PHIBRON-MEU Integration Traiing
ARGMEUEX
Amphibious Readiness Group - Marine Expeditionary Unit Exercise
COMPTUEX
Composite Training Unit Exercise
MEU Cycle Workup
Amphib Ops,
Mechanized & Helicopter Raids
NEO
Humanitarian
Urban
3 iterations of training workup MEU Cycle
3 iterations of
-MEUEX/RUT
MINT
ARGMEUEX
COMPTUEX
MEUEX/RUT
Marine Expeditionary Unit Field Exercise/Realistic Urban Training
R2P2
Rapid Response Planning Process
Phase One of MEU Predployment Workup
“Initial Collective Training Phase”
- R2P2
- individual/small unit traiing
Phase Two of MEU Predeployment Workup
“Intermediate Traiing Phase”
- PHIBRON-MEU Intergration Exercise
- Company-level skills, C2
- ARG/MEU Exercise
Phase Three of MEU Predeployment Workup
“Final Training Phase”
- battalion-level, MEU-combined arms integration
- composite training unit exercise
missions of MEU on deployment
Amphibious Assault
· Amphibious Raid
· Maritime Interception Operations
· Enabling Operations
· Noncombatant Evacuation Operations
· Foreign Humanitarian Assistance
· Airfield and Port Seizure
· Tactical Recovery of Aircraft and Personnel
· Theater Security Cooperation Activities
· Expeditionary Strike
· Embassy Reinforcement
· Aviation Operations from expeditionary shore-based sites
· Integrate and Operate with Joint, Interagency, Intergovernmental, and Multinational Organizations
SPMAGTF
Special Purpose Maine Air-Ground Task Force
RHIB
Rigid-hulled inflatable boats
where do you find forward deployed MEUs
forward deployed MEUs embark aboard ARGS operating for Geographic combatant commander and president
how do MEUS serve
MEUs serve as a forward-deployed, flexible sea-based MAGTF, capable of conducting amphibious operations to respond to crisis, conduct limited contingency operations, introduce follow-on forces, and support designated special operations forces. MEUs are characterized by their sea-based forward presence, expeditionary nature, ability to plan for and respond to crises, combined arms integration, and their interoperability with joint, combined and special operations forces.
what does a MEF consist of
MEF HQ
Marine Division
Marine Air WQing
Marine Logitics Group
MIG
Marine Informatoin Grup
what is a MEB
t is constructed around a reinforced infantry regiment, a composite Marine aircraft group, and a brigade service support group
aka GCE
Ground Combat Element
-Battalion Landing Team (BLT)
- infantry, artillery, reconnaissance, armor, light armor, assault amphib, engineer…
JIPOE
analytical process used by joint intel to produce intelligence assessments, estimates, and other intel products in support of the JFC’s decision making process
- helps the JFC stay inside the adversary’s decison making cycle by
- ID COG, focusing intell collection at the right time and place, and analyzign the impac tof hte OE on military ops in order to retreat cfaster and make better decisoins thant eh enemy
4 steps of JIPOE
define OE
describe the impact of hte OE
eval the adversary
determine and describe adversary COA
how to describe the dissemination of information
“push and pull”
- pull info up the chain of command and push down
role of intel and spreading information
intel organizations must get intel where it is needed (end user) not just make it available
8 catagories of intelligence products
warnign intel
current intel
target intel
general military intel
science and technology
counterintel
estimative intel
identity intel
what does MEDINT look at
MEDINT looks at health threats and foreign medical capability
levels of war
strategic, operational, tactical
understanding levels of war
- assists commanders in visualizing a logistical future of operations,
what must a JFC be capable of doing
coordinating the actions of people/organizatinos/resources across great distances,. identities, allias, NGO, sttates, local, gov agencies…
what must intel be synched with
synch intel with plans and ops in order to provide answers to meet requirements in time to influence the deicsions they intend to support
most common error when synching intel with plans and ops
failure to build sufficient lead time for intel products and operational decision makign
what do OPLAN and OPORD dictate
OPLAN/OPORD dictates timign and sequencing of intel operations
intelligence is imperfect
not everything can be known. analysis is vulnerable to deception. info is open to alternative interpretation w/o collaboration w/other analyses.
- predicted analysis is both difficulty and risky
BUT
successful perofmrance of predictive analysis is invaluable to the commander and staff
cogntive biases and the intel community
cognitive biases withint eh intel analysis views the world through their own lens colored by their own experince
- they are tempte to fit information into preexisting beleifs and dissuade info that doesn’t fit
agility (intelligence)
ability to shift focus instantaneously and bring to bear the skill sets necessary to attribute the new problem at hand while simultaneously continuing critical…
what does DOD intelligence fall under
USD(I): Undersecrary of defense for intelligence
advises on military related intelligence
DIA = Director of Defense Intelligence
DIA
director of defense intelligence analysis
- advises on military related intelligence
- principle DOD intelligence representative in teh national foreign intelligenc eprocess
MASINT
measurement and signals intelligence
what type of intelligence does NSA do
sSIGINT. to ensure systems protections
what type of intelligence does National Geospatial Intel Agency (NGA) do
GEOINT and IMINT
IMINT
imagry intelligence
NCIS
naval criminal investigative service
non-DOD intelligence agencies
CIA
DOS
INR
DOE
FBI
UISCG
TREAS
DHS
DEA
responsibel for HUMINT
CIA
role of CIA in intelligence
HUMINT
all source analyusis
production of political, economic, and biographical intel
what type of research does the FBI do
counterrerrorism
what type of intel does the DEA do
drug production, smuggling, and traffickign
NJOIC
National Joint Ops and INtelligence Center
- integrated Jouint J2/4 plans intelligence to provide the CJCS and SecDef DOD planning and crisis response plannign
SLOA
standard line of activity
LOA
line of activity
distinguish things that need to be done versus things that…
what fact must intelligence be sensitive to
J2 must be the fact tht they are being decived too by the enemy
CSA
combat supprot agency
JSCP
joint strategic capabilities plan
unity of effort
coalition and cooperation towards common objectives
what diminishes unity of effort
stovepiping
cross-driven planning
different core missions
divergent org processes
mutually combine
synergy
NIMS
national incident management system
FEMA
federal emergency management agency
DOT
department of transportation
lack of situational awarness
a handicap
key considerations for itneragency coordination
- nature of the coordination
- build COP
- unified ODD positins
- estblish unifying goals
- mutual needs to itnerdependence
_ long/short term objectives
moral capital
value that can create profits physically or mentally through moral emlements
- moral phyilsophy, rules, values, orientation, customs, and behavior
Latin first expression
prima facie = based on first impression
how often are national planning scenarios updated
every 2 years
PPD-8
Presidential Policy Directive
HSPD-5
Homeland Security Presidential Directive
capabilities-based planning
plan for emergencies that occur under uncertainity in order to provide capabilities suited to a wide range of challenges and circumstances while working within an economic framework that necessitates priorities
goal of NIMS
national incident management system
- apply to any sized incident
- applied to keep all organizations responses on teh same page
NIMS is NOT
response plan
static
what is NIMS based on
NIMS is basd on a promise that using a common incident managemnt framework gives responders a flexible but standardized response
what must states do in order to be eligible for federal preparedness fundign
all state/local must comply with NIMS
steps of resources
order/requirements
mobilize
track and report
store
recover
demobilize
reimburse
inventory
characteristics of the Incident Management System
common terms,
modular,
manage by objectives,
incident action plan,
management span fo control,
incident facilities local
comprehensive resource managemebnt,
integrated communication,
establish/transfer command,
unityh of control/chain of command,
unified command accoutnability
dispatch/deploy
info/intel management
IAP
incident action plan
what does the National Response Framework
identifies who, what, when, how
benefits of using NGO
NGOs are in an area prior to an insident and after the federal/military leaders leave
VOAD
natinoal voluntary organizationactive in disaster
SDO/DAT
senior defense official/defense attache
enabler of surprise
deception
*deception is teh central tool of secrecary, protection, and evasion
what is as old as history
“deception is as old as history”
no enterprise is more likely to succeed….
no enterprise is more likely to succeed than one concealed from teh enemy until it is ripe for execution. when teh enemy knows you design, you must…”
D&D
denial and deception
- deny access to information/create misleading information
- trick individuals/adersaries/sensor systems/C4 systems, small units, corporation, national govs
withdraw troops/spies from an surreptitiously. especially from a dangerous area
exfiltrate
exfiltrate
withdraw troops/spies surreptitiously. especially from a dangerous area
synonym for secretly. ina way that doesn’t draw attention
surreptitiously
skilled in ruses/trickery. outwitting
strategem
stratagem
trick in way for deceiving and outwitting the enemy.
a cleverly contrived trick or scheme for gaining an end
what does deception require if it is meant to succeed
deception requires denial if it is meant ot succeed
- denial might sometimes need deception to
- so denial and deception is sym,biotic
role of intelligence
to penetrate the secrets of an adversary the process of counterdeception is at its core - not a niche
what is intelligence
knowledge/foreknowledge oaround us. precluded to decision and world action by US policymakers
what does “On War” say about deception
deceit in common language is a branch of word by lying to the target by as a strategem, deceiver does not make an ascertation of truth and the target commits an error of misunderstanding by being ledastry. not by direct lying but by teh skillful manipulation of a situation
written by Carl von Clausewitz
On War
how long has denial & Deception been performed
as old as conflict and competition
NCW
network centric warfare
how does the US get a competitive advantage
US gets a competitive advantage from timely and accurate. but adversaries want to
delay
deny
distort
disrupt the flow of information to US
- low technology deception likes to hide weapons system sin vegetation, disguise military equipment in commercial vehicles, bury facilities undergrounds
cornerstone of Joint Vision 2020
information superiority to enable decision supremacy
IO
information operations
SIO
special information operations
what are IO
information operations
- actions taken to affect adversaries and influence over decision making processes, info, information supremacy
while protecting others
Rumsfeld Commission
1998
Report of the Commission to Assess the ballistic Missile Threat to the USA
role of coutnerdeception
supports defensive information operations by negating, neutralizing, or diminishing effects of and gain advantages form a foreign deception operation
what is C3D2
“Cover, Concealment, Camoflage, Denial + Deception”
- operations to hide key activities
capabilities = mobilization/attack per WMD, treaty noncompliance, advance weapons system
problem with asymmetric warfare forms
challenges military superiority
denial
hinder/deny the enemy the knowledge of an object by hiding it
distortion
misleading the enemy by manipulation, falsification to induce them to retreat in a manner prejudicial to their interests
goal of deception
make adversaries more vulnerable to the effects of weapons, maneuver, and operations
technical deception
radiation, reradiation, alteration, adoption, reflection of energy, emission of chemicals/bio odors, and emission/suppression of nuclear particles
channels of deception
information paths by which deception means are conveyed to their targets
methods of coutnerdeception
information paths by which deception means are conveyed to their targets
methods of counterdeception
propaganda, staged evgents, forgeries, feed matter, decoy signals/objects, ruse, medical coverage, forge documents to leak and dupe
how to add further credibility to decoys
pass forged materials through agent chennels to add further credibility to decoys
4 types of military deception operations
ruse
demonstration
display
feint
ruse (a military deception operation)
deliberate exposure of false information
demonstration (military deception operation)
show of force on a front where a decision is not sought
display (military deception operation)
static portraryal of an activity, force or equipment.
feint (military deception operation)
offensive action conducted involves ops contact w/the adversary conducted for the purpose of deceiving the adversary as to the location/time of the actual main offensive action
PSYOP
influence emotions, motives, objective, reasoning, behavior of gov/org/group
- induce or reinforce foreign attitudes and behavior favorable to the originators
semantics
meaning of language
white versus black propaganda
White: targets general population and openly acknowledges the source
Black: targets general population and hides the true source
what must you consider when looking at deception
consider the levels at which deception effects are produced and the domains in which they are implemented
tactical deception examples
engagment/battle level
- decoy
optical signature suppression
electric jamming
document forging
computer attack
propaganda
overall operation name for D-Day
Normandy = Operation Overload
Naval component operation name for D Day
Operation Neptune
deception operation code name for D Day
Operation Fortitudfe
date of D Day landign
June 6 1944
US policy about PSYOPs and public affairs
by US policy, PSYOP and public affairs officers don’t try to deceive
- PSYOP techniques ar are used to plan/execute trouth projection activities intended to inform foreign grups and populations perusing
public affairs officials and propaganda
US policy to not have PA’s deceive
- PA do objective reporting w/o propaganda intent
disseminate international information
- PA maintains credibility by protecting against slanting or manipulating PA channels
The Hague Convention
targeting & weapons
The Geneva Conventino
protects people caught up in combat
addresses rights of people caught up in combat
Geneva Convention
TP
technical publication
pylon
towers or gateways that support a strucgure (bridge or highway overpass)
how does the US/DOD perceive the Geneva Convention treaties
Geneva Convention is teh DOD policy that the US will comply w/international law
declaration of war
explicit affirmation of existance of a state of war between beligerents
writing by Nom Chonskyu about propaganda
“Manufacturing Consent: Political Economy of the Mass Media
propaganda mode
concept model in political economy to explain how propaganda and systemic biases function in corporate mass media
- posits the way corporate needs are structured creates an inherent conflict of interest so propaganda from anti-democratic elements
bane
great distress or annoyance
firehose of falsehood
large number of messages a broadcast rapidly, repetitive, and continuously w/o regard for truth or consistency
pseudologia fantastica
“fantastic pseudology”
= chronic tendency to lie
definining characteristics of a pathlogical liar
- internal motivation for behavior cannot be readily discerned clinically (example: long lasting extortion/spousal battery might cause a person to lie repeatedly BUT there is no pathological lie)
- stories are presented in a way that portrays the lie favorably. “decorates their own person” by telling stories that present them as the hero or victim
cartographic propaganda
map created with the goal of achieving a result similar to traditional propaganda
- influence perceptions and emphasize certain things eiand make misleading.
- european rulers often tried to intimidate visinting envoys by displaying maps of their maters’ lands and forts w/the implication that the maps were the first step towards conquest
Big LIE
gross distortion/misrepresentation of the truth
- coined by Mein Kampf
- use of a lie so collossal that no one would believe someone
“could have the imprudence to distort the truth so infamously”
agitprop
agitation propaganda
- originated in Soviet Union/R\ussian rREvolution
- intentional vigorous promulgatin of ideas often using popular media
- influence pople through intentional urgent disseminatino in ideas
power Congress has
power of the purse
what funding plays an important role in Defense Funding
emergency supplements
how long are traditional appropriations bills good for
1 fiscal year
when does Congress receive the President’s budget
FEB
Codel
Congress Delegation
- trips Congressmen take in groups.
- fact finding missions to inform legislature or policy decisions
- typically organized and funded by the relevant committees in Congress like Foreign Affairs Committee or Armed Services Committee
AEOO
AE Operations Officer
AEOT
AE Ops Team
DAFI
DAFI
Dept of Air Force
patient movement record
he attending provider will sign the AF Form 3899; consultation with the TPMRCW TVFS has been completed-the patient condition, is stable and cleared for Flight.”
NAR
normal and routine
what classification does CUI have
controlled unclassified information - unclassified but has info that mut be handled using safeguarding/dissemination controls
- PII or protected health infomration, payroll information, financial information…
DISO
Deception in support of operations security
warfare
applying power to force someone to conform to our objectives
JAWS
joint advanced warfighting school
JCWS
Joint & Combined Warfighting School
like a JPME 2
what does studying history and challenges show us
study fo hx shows the challenges we are facing in military aren’t new
why do we need to be comfortable in a multinational environment
America will continue to lead and participate in coalitions so we need to be comfortable operating in a multinational environment
importance of JPME
joint leaders understand the national security enviornment, contribution of all sourcess, joint/coaltiion/multinational/interagency culture and organizational understanding, tools/responsibilities involved in design/execution, campaign, introduction to key references/guides
- install cognitive capacity to udnerstand/receive/clearly express intent, take decisive initiative w/intent, accept prudent risk build trust
JOPP
joint operational planning process
which General famously penned white papers
General Dempsy
JQO
joint qualified officer
- must be well grounded in joint knowledge, skills, abilities in order to be greater creativity and critical thinking in tomorrow’s enviornment of complexity, ambiguity, and uncertainty
perception of professional military education
professional military education is a force multiplier
JPME guidelines
ability to understand the security envirtonment/contributions of all elements of national power,
ability to deal with surprise/uncetainty,
anticipate/recognize change and lead transitioning,
operate on an intent through trust, empowerment,uncertainty
GOARN
global outbreak alert and response network
- network of technical/public health instit8itions, laboratories, NGO, and other orgs
General Martin Dempsy
Chairman of Joint Chefs (ARmy) - 3022-3025
CG of Army Training and Doctrinal Command,
CENTCOM
CG Multi-National Security Transition-Iraq,
Duke Professor & chairman of USA Basketball
what type of critical thinking should we prepare our service members to have
adaptive
innovative
to make them prepared to operate in complex and unstructured environment
how do process information
ability to process information into knowledge, share it, act on it
DLA
Desired leader Attributes
purpose of developing jointness/multinational
go beyond culture and physical differences. extends to espoused values and basic assumptions
why does the military have civilian control
Constitution ensures civilian control of the military,
Congress declares wars, supports army, provides/maintains Navy, and makes rules for the government/regulation of land an naval forces,
prez appoints military leaders w/advise/consent of Senate
Admiral of Lake Champlain campaign of the War of 1812
Admiral McDonough navgal ops
1949 National Security Act
gave DOD its authority and recognized it as a single executive department
Goldboro-Nichols Act
1986
DOD reorganization that clarified SecDef as the operational CofC and Prez/secdef-CCMDS
statuatory function
a function that is determined by law or rule
- job/duty that can obly be performed by peopel who are eligible and nominated by the operator of their site
- often r/t public fucntions (regulating industries or protecting environment)
- may include legal powers like suing, holding property, and entering contracts
National Security COuncil
principle forum to consider national security decisions that require a presidential decisin
HSA
Homeland security Advisor
members of the National Security Council
Prez, VP, SecEnergy, SecDef, SofS
- Sec traesury, attoeny general, rep of US to UN, prez chief of staff, sec homeland security, National Security Advisor
when was the SecEnergy added to the National Security Council
2007
role of the National Security Advisor
determines appropriate agenda for the National Security Council, ensures necessary papers are prepared, records council actions/prez decisions
SecDef
principle policy advisor
(formulate and execute)
how many DOD agencies
17
how many DOD field offices
10
functions of DOD
support/defend constitution against all enemies foreign and domestic,
ensure the security of the US, its possessions, and areas of vital interest,
uphold/advance national policies/interests
role of Military Departments
recruit, organize, supply, train, equipping (including R&D), servicing, mob/demob, equip construction/outfitting, repair,
infrastruction construction/maintence/repair,
acquire natural resources,
acquire/manage/dispose property and natural resources
which non states have military reserve units
DC, Puerto Rico, Virgin Islands
why is the National Guard different
b/c it has federal and state missions
commands the National Guard
the governor unless they are called into federal srvices
pay/benefits for the National Guard
state covers pay/benefits of Guard under state active duty but federal does uner Titel 32 and Title 10
National Guard and Posse Commitus restrictions
National Guard has Posse Commitus restructions under Title 10 but not under Titel 32/State Active Duty
acts that govern National Guard command authority
Governor: per Title 32 & State Active Duty
Federal/Prez: per TItle 10
authority under which all Active Duty serve
Title 10
Coast guard and authority under which they serve
Cost guard can do AD Navy missions udner OCONUS Title 10 (maritime security)
when are the Air/Army national guard deployable
Army/Air National Guard are only OCONUS deployable in Titel 10 status to comply with established SOFA
Title of USC that the Coast Guard falls under
Normally under Title 14
normal operating authority for the National Guard (such as weekend drills/training periods)
Title 32
Title 32
only for National Guard operating in CONUS,
= normal operating authority for National Guard in CONUS including weekend drills and training periods
national guard and posse commitus
guard in Title 32 states are exempt from Posse Commitus Act (Title 18) which prohibit military use for civilian law enformcement
- DODD 3025.21 for Navy/MC prohibit
advantage for National Guard under Title 32
missions that span multiple states and involves civilian law enforcement since it eliminates individual state compensation rates and maintains state govermennt command of Guard Forces
SAD
state active duty
- C2 and funding by the state
- Posse Commitus Act doesn’t apply
end state and budget of Reserves
end strength is 1.1M in Ready Reserves and annual budget is $50B
= 43% of total DOD manpower and 10% of DOD budget
3 manpower catagories in Reserves
Ready, Standby, Retired
Ready: SELRES, IRR/ING
when does Standby and Retired Reserves get activated
if war is declard
most accessible type of Reserve
Ready Reserve. active drilling and training
NATO and military
NATO has a military committee
SHAPE
Supreme HQ Allied Powers Europe
NATO HQ
Brussels, Belgium
NORAD
binational US and canada to defend North Merica
aerospace warning and control, maritime warning
JDAMIS
joint duty assignment manage information systems
JDAL
joint duty assignment list
why do we take JPME
fulfills teh educational requirement of the 1986 Goldwaqter Nichols Act
- required by law for officers but noyt enlisted
JSPS
joint strategic planning sysetm
- method by which teh CJCS fulfills its Title 10 duties
dynamicity
quality of being dynamic…constantly changing and evolving
5 strategic thinking compentencies
critical and creative thinking
systems theory
thinking in time
ethical thinking
abductive reasoning
logical inference starting w/an observation and seeking the simpliest/mot likely explaination
systems thinking
holistic anology
focuses on how compoenent parts relate over time,
thinking about how each part = whole
thinking in time
decision insightful to identify past situations that seem similar but list similar/differnces
strategy
determine proper balance of ends, ways, means, and risk to strategic objectives
-sequence of actions (ways) and create favorable conditions can’t be completed w/o identification of resources (means) necessary to accomplish desired ends
what does operational art link
operational art links tactical action to strategic purpose
strategic outcomes behind the results of the Tet Offense
Tet Offence =
US tactical victory
strategic outcome exploited the weakness of the American popular support for the war
what is the first step of unified action
unified action begins with clear strategic direction
unified action
synchronize, coordinate, integrate
- begins w/clear strategic direction
achieving unit of effort among international partners
- shared understanding ofthe OE accommodate national caveats, appreciate culture perspectives,
ccordination consensus building, cooeprate, collobrate, compromise, consultation, deconflict
ICRC
international Red Cross
what (on a fundamental level) is strategy
strategy is fundamentally a choice reflecting a preference for a future state or condition in teh strategic enviornment
strategy model for ends, ways, means, and risk
Arthur Lykke strategy model
developed a tool for foreign policy development
Dr Donald Nuechterien theory of defining national interests and detemrining interest intensity as a tool for foreign policy development
coup d’oeil
Clausewitz
- “stroke ofhte eye”
- ability to rapidly discern at one glance the tactical advanteages and disasvantages of teh terrain
