jko_20230129232054 Flashcards
DSCA
Defense Support of Civil Authorities
NIMS
National Incident Management System
RDD
Radiological Dispersal Device
aka dirty bomb
RDD = radiological dispersal device
scenarios of high consequence to help preparedness activities
National Plannign Scenarios: developed by a working group coordinated by HSC & DSS*CBRNE, natural disasters…
Joint Intelligence Process
Planning & Direction
Processing & Exploiting
Analysis & Production
Dissemination & Integration
Evaluation & Feedback
what is JIPOE
“Joint INtelligence PReparation of the Operational Environment*analytical process used by joint intelligence orgas to produce intelligence estimates and other intelligence products in support of the commander’s decision making process
J2 as a key actor
J2 is a key actor ibn leveraging intelligence capabilities from strategic to tactical level
*those in J2 must understand how to provide appropriate support across the battle rhythm
primary role of J2
Intelligence
*provide information and assessments to provide information/assistance to facilitate mission accompolishment
JP
Joint Publications
purpose of CCIR
support the Commander in focusing activities to better support their decision making process across current & future operations
information requirement identified by commanders as beign critical to facilitating timely decision making
3 major activities supported by CCIR
understand complex environments
commander decision making
prioritize limited decision making
information requirement identified by commanders as being critical to facilitating timely decision making
CCIR
process by which organizations develop international influence or start operating on an international scale
globalization
intelligence broader security inplications beyond the military
open economic system on the global marketreadily accessible communicationubiquitous media presence
present everywhere
ubiquitous
`changes created by the Information Revolution
unprescedented ability to transmit/receive data
critical information can be hidden by volume
2 components to CCIR
PIR & FFIRPIR = priority intelligence requestFFIR = friendly force information requirements
PIR
priority intelligence report| CCIR component that focuses on adversaries & the OE
CCIR component that focuses on adversaries
PIR = PRiority Intelligence Report
FFIR
Friendly Force Info Requirement| *friendly forces & supporting capacities
CCIR component that focuses on friends
FFIR
ad hoc
when necessary or needed
when necessary or when needed
ad hoc
how can you empower subordinates
decentralize CCIR
what specifics does the CCIR process lay out
CCIR process lays out specific responsibilities for
*development
validation
dissemination
monitoring
reporting
maintence
who develops PIR & FFIR
J2 does PIR| J5 does FFIR
how are most operational level decisions made
most operational level decisions aren’t “snap” decisions focused at the tactical level but rather require detailed analysis and assessment of th broader enviornment tied med to desired effect and stated objectives
PMESII conditions
political,
military,
economic,
social,
information, infrastructure, physical environment, time**battlefield is more than just a battlefield”
PESTLE
framework to assess key factors influencing an orgnization from outside*political, economic, socialolgical, technological, legal, environment
how to think about the external factors impacting yoru organization
PESTLE = political, economic, sociological, technological, legal, environmtn
QUEST
Quick ENvironmental Scanning Technique Analysis
*environmental scanning technique designed to assist w/organizational strategies by keeping adherents to change and its implications
3 tools to evaluate external factors on your organization
SWOTPESTLEQUEST
SIR
Serious Incident REport
SIGACT
significant activities
Decision Support Matrix
tool to help maintain situational awareness of hte various CCIR criteria that the staff and stakeholders are monitoring
how to ensure the right people are aware of developing CCIR
Notification Criteria Matrices
what drives design & planning
understanding the environmental & assessment
Q’s to ask when thinking about CCIR
why
So what
what if
what next
stovepipe information
transmit information directly through levels of a hierachy
effects of CCIR on operations
Shift main effort
change in priority
refocus information operations & public affairsr
distribution of forcescommand relationships & task org
changes
force rotation/withdrawl
change phasing
what happens when you close a SIGEVENT
archive for record purposes and to assist the intelligence &* assessment functiongn
result of a SIGEVENT
might not require a decision but report to HQ/press
COS
chief of staff
definition of CONOPS
clear & concise explaination the joint force intends to accomplish and how to do w/available resources
defense coordinatoing officer
DOD signle POC for domestic emergencies and forward mission requests through proper channels
DOD single POC for domestic emergencies. forwards mission requests through proper channels
defense coordinating officer
HQ of JOint FOrce Commander
HQ established to plan, monitor, guide the execution of commander’s decisions = Joint Operations Center
military operations intended to help deicsion makers anticipate change, mitigate risk and help shape outcomes
ISR = Intelligence, Surveillance, & Reconnaissance
3 things the OE considers
conditions
circumstancesin
description of MOE
indicator of hte current state as changes over time
JMESI
Joint Medical Executive Skills Institute
Materials Managemnet
Systematic conbtrol of flow of supplies fromt point of identification of need to acquision to point of receipt by the customer”right thing @ right place@right tie @place
% of hospital budget that goest to materials managemtn
23%| *order/procure, move, store, use, & staff to support function
how does material management get a product
procure products via contracting & acquisytion
how does materials management decide to continue to purchase a product
utilization study
FAR
Federal Acqusition REgulation
5 major functions of materials management
acqusition
warehousing
inventorymanagement
distribution/transportation
processing
MIlitary & contracts
militaryt purchase goods/services from private contractors over 1 trillion
medical services military medicine contracts
Providers
consultants
training
laundry
housekeeping
special tools
medical waste
labs
DFARS
defense federal acqusition regulation supplement
govermnent purchasing agent for most supplies & services
General Services Administraiton
FAR
rules and regulations for government buys and private vendoirsq
how does DOD make large purchases
via either negotiation or solicitation of bids
how does the DOD make large purchases via solititation of bids
Purchasing Officer sends bid invitations to firms listed| *members on teh solicitations list show they ahve been able to fill contracts for items int eh past
what is on the “Invitation for Bids” sent out via the solititation of bids method when tgeh DOD intends to make a large purchoase
solititation of bids is a way the DOD makes large purchases*specificationsinstructiosn to prepare bidsconditions to purchse, deliver, pay
how does the DOD make large purchases via the negotiation method
send request for proposals to offors who are on the solititation mailing list
cost plus fixed fee
CPFF = provides payment of a fixed fee to the contractors in addition to any allowable costs
pay a fixed fee + allowable costs
cost plus fixed fee contract
cost plus incentive fee
pay contractor but adjust based on measurable levels of performance (meets deadline, complete early…)
pay contractor but adjust based on measurable levels of performancer
cost plus incentive fee
most important rule of contracting
contract local contracting officer for guidence first
DO NOT DO when contracting
no obligation to pay money you don’t have accept gift
simply you WILL buy
waste that can cause disease if not treated properly
Regulated Medical Waste
what takes away waste from MTF hospitals
Regulated Medical Waste is removed by a waste disposal contractor
who regulates medical waste
state governmetbs
Angelina Jolie kids
w/Brad Pittmaddoxpaxzahahashilohtwins = knox and vivienne
LEADS
leadership, education, analysis, development, sustainment
protocol
written detailed [lan by which a clinical investigatyion is conducted
written detailed plan by which a clinical investigation is conducted
protocol
who creates the protocol for a reseach project and is responsible for throughout
Prinmary Investigator
who has the power to end a clinical investigation at a MTF
CO
aka nonmaleficience
primum non nocere
grant
legal instrument to enter a relationshiop[ in order to transfer a thing of value
role of the Principle Investigator
reserach design
submit protocols
asssess data
present
protect human subjects
5 things that should be on the Protocol submitted by the Primary Investigator when submitting a research proposal
background
rationale
objective
design
methods
military officer responsible for ensuring human subjects in military research are protected
Medical Monitor: military healthcar provider qualified by trianing and experience to monitor human subjects during clinical investigations
Medical Monitor
military healthcare p rovier qualified by training and experiebce to monitor human subjects during clincial investigations
boards that agree to clinical investigations
IRB = air forceHUU (?)- ARmyIRB/IRO for Navy
HRO
High Reliability ORganization
What is a HRO
organization wher the entire workforce shares a single minded fcus on identifying potelntial problems and increase risk situations before they liead to an aderse event
ultimate aim of the Military Health System
Quadruple Aim
better care
better health
lower costs
readiness
JMESI
joint medical executive skills institute
OFRP
Optimized Fleet Response Plan
prolonged strike group deployment example
Lincoln strike Group deployed for 11 months in 2019 after Truman has an electrical problem that prevented them from being relieved
problem of the USN “can do” attitude
barrier to succes
cost of deploying a strike group
$5M per day
sending out the same ship for close interval deployments
double pumped
put a lid on a campaign
try to starve story as long as possibel untikl you are put in a situation where you have to be forfed to answer
supreprescendent
so ingrained that it isn’t debated anyorebrown vs board of edumarbury v madison
a court case so ingrained that it isn’t debated anymore
superprescedent
nominal group technique
method to get all ideas out of hte group| *silent brainstorm then present in round robin
role of the facilitator
responsibel for group progreess| *keep the meeting on track, manage conflict, ensure participation, synchronize ideas
benefit of effective questioning
- lets you get at root causes
- test assumptions
- invite participation
- gather information
- probe for hidden points
testing assumptions
bring assumptions of peopel out into the open so they can be clearly understood by all(e.g. John, on what basis are you saying that Deb’s ideas are too narrow in focus?)
benefit of summarizing ideas
summarize ideas to proviede concise/timely
key to having a successful meeting
preparation by using the 5W’s* Why: are we meeting/goals & purposes/what tasks are planned* WHo: is invited, are the right people present, how does attendence affection completion of goals, do participants know each other, do I need to coordiante issues w/participants prior to the meeting (grease the skids)* when: time, neeed lunch/breaks? how long total? how long per agenda item* where: what type/size/capabilities of hte space? do I need to give directions? can/should we rearrange the room?* what: what group dynbamic issues mgiht occur?what tools do I need to use (voting procedures…)
prior to meeting shceduling
agenda setting| beneficial to send ahead to participatnts can prepare fo the meeting so more time can be devoted to problem osolving
fish bowel technique
last resport technique to break an impass or to ventilate hot topics* 1. 10 minute tine out. each side picks one member to represent their ideas2. st up room so that one chair for each perspective plus the facilitator iare in teh middle plus one empty chair. the rest of the charis are aroudn the inner cicile3. say the representatives will reach a consensus in 20 minutes. no inner or outder circle communication. open chari can be anyone who wants to talk and they get 1 minute
what must happen in order for consensus to exist
all participants must provide input, ciriical/thorough evaluation, all members can live with the final decision
what don’t people believe about planning but should
planning isn’t seen as the easiest and quickest way to solve problems
what do changing conditions need
changing conditions often requires reversal or revision of previous decisions
only 2 sailors in my experience never ran aground…
“only 2 sailors in my experience never ran aground. one never left port and the other was an atrocious liar”
1916 court marshall for not taking care of ship
1916: a commander was convicted/court marshalled for not taking care of his ship when an earthquate and tsunami and moved his ship ont a beach. back then they dind’t know how to recognize tsunamis
qualities of a watch officer
forehandednessvigiliancecommon senseleadershiptech knowledgeexperienceknows relative importance of responsibilities
who has responsibility for the safety of a ship
Nimitz said the safety of ship is always the primary responsibility of hte CO
died in the Cole attack
17 died in 2000
what is navigation
the art of approximation and is about reducing uncertainty and error
what is propulsion for ship
propulsion for shipos is a search for endurance and reliability*oar, sail (wind/current), steam, coal, oil, turbines, diesel, gas)
other warfare hare kari effort by WW2 era japan
suicide boats but they wern’t effective b/c too slow
what is paramount on ships
safety b/c you live in your house
what did Nimitz say to Spruance
“You will be governed by the principles of calculated risk
proved antarctica is a continent
Charles Wilkes
Charles WIlkes
proved Antarctica is a continent| collections for the smithsonian
what do navies do
establish control of the sea dn exploit/extend control fromthe sea to land
control of seas
early potent step in establishing control over opponentsgrants strategic/operational freedom of movmentsecurity for lines of operations
what is the ocean
the ocean is a body of water occupying about 2/3 of a world made for men who have no gills
characteristics of the Naval operatating environment
vast and increased distances3D = air, surface, underwaterhistorically outside claims of nation statesharsh on personnel and equipmenttrackless = greatest of all fighways
what do youi need to know about a body of water
climateweathertidesgeography/topographysoundproperty of water
9 Methods to Test for Consensus
- thumbs up/down (good initial check)- finger count (use 1-10 fingers to show level of support for a measure)- assign a devil’s advocate to ward off groupthink- all say 1 think they like & dislike- “it seems the group has reached a consensus. am I right?”- go around the room and ask for input. lets you expllore the resaons for disagreement- looks like we have reached a consensus. on a scale of 1-5, what is your level of agreement- before we implement this decion, what reservations do we have- when you return to your office, what will you say about the decision we have made today (ultimate test of consensus)
ultimate test of consensus post decisions made during a meeting
“When you return to your office, what will you say about hte decision we have made today?
what is usually the cause of lack of consensus
lack of consensus is usually from a lack of understanding
what is often cruial to an effective interaction
the right wording1. nonjudgemental describe what you see2. state impact - tell member how their actions affect the group/process3. ask for suggests/tell what to do. what can be done to make sure ti doesn’t happen again and
3 steps for creating a process improvement statement with regards to a staff member’s actions
- describe what you are seeing2. make an impact statement3. redirect the member’s behavior-action step
tool to ensure all tasks get done
use a responsibility matrix
clinical pathway
map of the optimal sequencing/timing of interventions by med staff for a particular dx/procedure/conditin*designed to minimize treatment delays, maximize quality of care, reduce length of stay
6 levels of care within the integrated healthcare system
preventativeprimary = preventative/wellness/treatment of common illnessessecondary = referral from PCM/same day surgery/urgent caretertiary = specialtyrestorative = rehabcontinuing care = long-term care, hospice,
HMO
health maintenance organization* type of health insurance that limits coverage to care from doctors within the network. generally won’t cover out of network unless emergency* may need to live/work in a certain place to be eligible* provides integrated care and wellness/preventin
PPO
preferred provider organization* health plan that contracts with providers/doctors to create a network.* pay less if you use the network and more if you go outside the network
CAM
complementary and alternative medicine
TeamSTEPPS
Team Strategies & Tools to Enhance Performance & Pt Safety| *evidence based communication
CRMT
crew resource management training
Tricare regions
CONUS = Tricare West & EastOCONUS= Latin America & Canada, Eurasia & Africa, Pacific
MILCON
military construction
environment of care
variety o0f key elements/features that contribute to the way a healthcare space feels and functions for pt/family/visitor/staff
role of facilitator managers -6
- coordiante all facility management matters- identify what is not within compliance with standards/codes and inform the command- guide submission of work orders & funding- keep leaders informed on progress of renovations/key products- facility work groups dealing w/ renovations- monitor status of work orders
preventative management
ensures the readines (it works when you need it) & operating efficiency of hte item. goal is to save money in the long run
HVAC
heating, ventilator, and air conditoin ing systems
FAR
Federal Acquision Regulations
frequent violation of FAR
Federal Acquisition Regulations| *breaking a single project into smaller pieces in order for funding approval can be obtained at the local level
balances to consider when deciding to submit for removation/new construction
construction costs
time constraints
pt care needs
architectural designs
staff preferences
what must seniors leaders assure construction contractors have achieved
“complete useable facility”aka…gov got what it paid for. a fully functional facility that has passed all tests for hte usability of ther space/equpment/HVAC/utility
facilities projects under $2,500
Credit card or purchase order (PO)| approval level: local (healthcare organization commander or director of public works)
facilities projects $2,500 to $25K
Credit Card (depending on approval limit( or Purchase order w/three possible vendors or pre-negotiated contract vehicleapproval level: local health care org or director of public works)
facilities projects $25K to $300K
approval by the regional medical command
facilities projects $300K to $2M
approval by the medical command
cost of projects that need congressional approval
over $500,000 (falls under the MILCON “military construction” program)
cost of projects that need congressional approval
over $500,000 (falls under the MILCON “military construction” program)
life-cycle management
considers the expected lifespan of equipment with the target to replace it before that date so there is not interruption in service r/t in operatability
accrediting organizations in healthcare
Joint ComissionAAAHC: Accreditation Association for Ambulatory Health CareCAP = college of American PathologistsNCQA= National Comittee oin Quality Assurance
AAAHC
accreditation association for ambulatory health care
NCQA
national committee on quality assurance
accreditation
objective performance review
is Joint Commission mandatory
voluntary
2 nonprofit affilation orgs associated w/Joint Comission
Joint Commission Center for Transforming Healthcare = solve the most critical safety and quality problemsJoint Commission Resources = consulting services, education services, and publicatins
webside for medicare and medicaid
cms.gov
annual self-assessment hospitals can do to ensure they are within Joint Commission standsards
FSA = Focused Standards Assessment
what happens if the Focused Standards Assessment identified noncompliance
must identify a plan of action
RFIS
requirements for improvements
EP (as part of the Joint Commission scoring process)
EP = Elements of Performance*statements taht detail the specific performance expectations and/or structures/processes that must be in place for an organization to provide high quality treatment and services
SAFER Matrix
part of joint commisssion preparation*Survey Analysis for Evaluating Risk likelihood of harm = high, moderate, lowscope = limited, patterned, widespread
decisions of joint commission
limited/tempoary accreditation (survey prior to opening. then full survey in 6 months)accreditationaccreditation w/follow up surveypreliminary denial of accreditationdenial of accreditation
what does it mean to be accredited by Joint Comission
either complies w/all requirements at the time of first survey OR successfully addresses all RFI in an Evidence of Standard Complicance
where is Khandahar
SE Afghanistan
P2KG
providences in Afghanistan that include: Pakita, Paktya, Ghazini, Khosa* one of hte msot ho0tly contested areas of Afghanistan
border of P2KG
P2KG are 4 hotly contested providences of Afghanistan that share a 450 border w/Afahanistan
border between Afghanistan & Pakistan
Durand Line| *often not recognized by tribesmen on either side of hte border
Durand Line
border between Afghanistan & Pakistan| often not recognized by tribesmen on either side
Afghanistan gov
GIORA
Haqqani Netork
independent insurgent grup in Afghanistan *& Pakistan closely aligned w/Taliban
connects all major points in Afghanistan
Ring Road
importantce of P2KG
location of P2KG makes them the crossroad for goods/people| *Ring Road & Highway 75
Ring Road
connects all major points in Afhhanistan
connects Khandahar to Quetta, Pakistan
Highway 75
Khost, Afghanistan
city famous for being beseiged by Soviets for 8 years
city that was beseiged by Soviets for 8 years
Khost, Afghanistan
ratline
system of escape routes that lead to safe havens (Nazi, Afghanistan…)
system of escape routes that lead to safe havens
ratlines
Afghanistan’s first Muslim dynasty
Ghaznavid dynasty (977-1189)
when was the Durand Line established
1893
Ghanzi providence
site of the first Afghan Muslim dynasty (977-1189)| Mongols got it in 1221
power of the Khost province
2nd most power province in Afghan’s communist government 1979-1992)
invasion of Afghanistan
by Soviets in 1979| local/tribal leaders rose to prominence and showed they were capable of fighting against the Sovients
mujahedin
muslim fighters
smuggling in the P2KG provinces
timber smuggling| *provides tax revenue for provincial government but smugglers to pakistan to avoid local
Pashtun
largest and most politically powerful ethnic group in Afghanistan
largest and most politically powerful ethnic group in Afghanistan
Pashtun
Hazara
3rd largtest ethnic group in Afghanistan, Shiite. gets repressed and victamized. they were massacred by Taliban in 1996
historical homeland of hte Pashtun
P2KGclimate is semi0arad and irrigation rather than rainfall for cropsmost hosehould water from aquifiers and psrings poor wind/hydro resources for electricity. jmajority rely on private electricity systems if they have electricity at all
Pashtunwali
“way of the Pashtun”| tribal code of the Pashtun in Afghanistan
Melmastia
Pashtunwali “way of the pashtun” for we provide hospitality for all visitors and profound respect of all visitors regardless of race/religon/national affiliations w/o any hope of repayment or favor
Nang
Pashtunwali “way of the pashtun”| personal honor. self respect, dignity each person needs to ensrue that his and the the honor of his family is upheld
Nanawati
Pashtunwali “way of the pashtun” for we provide asylum and acceptance of enemy surrender, protecting those who seek protection
Badal
Pashtunwali “way of the pashtun” for we provide justice and revenge agaisnt wrongdosers. justice may be sought over time wtheter it was yesterday or 100s of years ago
Imandari
Pashtunwali “way of hte pashtun” for we stand for righteous and doing good deeds”
Isteqamat
Pashtunwali “way of the pashtun” for we have faith and trust in god”
Namus
Pashtunwali “way of tehe pashtun” for we defend the honor of pashtun women at all costs. we protect them from verbal and physical harm
Tureh
Pashtunwali “way of the pashtun” for bravery and defense of land and property
Pashtunwli concepts -8
"way fo the Pashtun"MelmastiaNangNanwatiBadalImandariIsteqamatNamusTUreh
languages in Afghanistan
Pashto
Dari
Uzbeki
what is Pashtubwali
strictly observed moral code that is the heart of community relations and behaviors in tbhe P2KG providences of Afghanistan
primary recruiting ground for the Taliban in Afghanistan
P2KG providences
key challenges of P2KG provinces/gov/politics
corruptionexclusion of some tribal groups from politicscorruption is systemic anx affects all aid projects in the regionhistorical tribal rivarlies lead to political/economic advantages to some tribestribes who have been marginalized have increased sympathy for the taliban insurgency
what drives the economy of P2KG provinces
economies of the provincess is driven mostly by their geographic location* Ghazni derives much of their commerce from being at the crossroads of 2 major highways* the other 3 provinces get their commerce form their location along the international boarder w/Pakistan
key activities taht will ddevelop economic development in P2GK
infrastrucctur buildingrural electricityirrigationupdate famring equipment
presence of poppy plants in Afghanistan
P2GK has been poppy free since 2007
Loya Paktya
historical region of Afghanistan comprising of modern Afghan provinces of Paktya
Haqqani Network
network of political and insurgent forces based inPakistan that has a lot of influence in the SE border region of Afghanistan
HQ of hte Haqqani Network
Miran Shah runs a parallel administration that includes courts, recruiting centers, tax centers, and security forces for Loya Paktya. hosts alQ training and runs Madrassas
who does the contractors/district elders pay in teh Loya Paktya
contractors/district elders int eh Loya Paktya pay protection $ to Haqqani NEtwork
where does the Haqqani Network get its money
from Loya Paktya development projects (sometimes 1/2 the cost of deveopment projects) and from criminal enterprises like timber/chromite smuggling
strategies of Haqqani
force departure of coalition via sustained attacks to create atmosphere of instabilityconsolidate control in teh region by reestablishing traditional presence in the province. w/o them, it is unlikely that the Taliban could have sustained an effectrive nationwide resistance movemebtt network
why did the AlQ take refuge in Pakistan
takes reguge in Pakistan b/c P2KG is on teh border
why make friends w/logals
b/c need local guides/facilitators, transport, weapons, supplies, and shelter
whom does the Haqqani network have a relationship w?
alQ and Pakistan
military in Afghanistan
Afghanistan National Army (ally w/coalition. better money)vsAfghan National Police (corruption, poor equipment, weak leaders
first caliph
Abu Bakr
Abu Bakr
first rightly guided caliph
Ali
4th caliph| ifirst Shi’ite
Babur
1483-1531sMuslim conquorer in central asia who ended up in India and started Mughal DYnasty*direct descendent of Timur via father and ghengis khan descendent via mother
started the Mughal Dynasty
Babur`
Muhammad successors
calipphs
official language in Afghanistan
Dari
calander month to go on jajj
Dhul Hijjah
end of Rhamadam
Ed ul Fitr| “feast of breaking the fast
catalogue of world languages
ethnology
obligatory acts for Muslims according to Shariah law
fard
5 rules for Muslims
5 pillars
Afghanistan government
GIORA
permissive action/food/objects via shariah law
halal
halal
permissible per MShariah law
Haqqani Network is
independent insurgent gruop in Afghanistan
river between afghanistan and iran
Helmad River
Helmad River
between Afghanistan and Iran
acts/food/objects prohibited for islam via shariah law
Haram
Haram
prohibited acts/food/lobjects via Shariah law
permitted versus prohibited per Shariah law
halal = okharam = never
Hindu Kush
NE-SW Mts in Afghanistan.
state of having identical values
homeogenicity
Islam is…
peace via submission to god
Jalalabad
Afganistan city 1/2 to kabul
jihad
struggle /moral
jinn
not human or angle . rebellious to teh will of god and are demotic spirits
jizya
tax nonmuslims had to pay to muslim empire as a social welfare countaerptart ot tithing already by islam
congregational pray Friday afternoon in Islam
jummah
jummah
congreagational pray friday afternoon
capital of Afghanistan
Kabul
Khandahar
2nd largest city in Afghanistan
road connecting afghanistan and pakistan
Khyber pass
Kuchi
Afgan Pashtun NOmads
Loyan Paktya
historical region of Afghanistan composing of paktya, paktika, khost
Madrassa
arabic word for any education
Malik system
traditional government in Afghan
muslim belief in angels
Malaika
Makruh
acts that are disproved for islam but no specific punishmen per islamic law
caliph who started the Ummayads
Muawiya
Muawiya
lcaliph who started Umayyads
Muslim fighter
mujahidein
largest and most politically powerful in Afghnnistan
pashtun
who speaks Pashto
the Pashtun. largest and most politically powerful tribe in Afghanistan
legal/moral code in Afghanistan that determines social order and responsibilities
Pashtunwali
zakat
2.5% of disposable income to give as alms to purify
muslim tax to give as alms
zakat
Uzbeks
eethnic group in Afghanistan
first 4 caliphs
Abu BakrUmarUthmanAli
way of prophet as revealed via the hadith
Sunna
Sunna
way of the prophet as revealed vai the hadith
muslim law that covers all aspects of life
Sharia
Sharia
islam law to cover all aspects of life
first muslim pillar that says there is no god/prophet other than…
Shahada
muslim pillar that says fast uring ramadam
sawm
ritual muslim prayer x2 day
salat
salat
2nd pillar of islam. ritual prayer x5/day
how many times does a muslim pray per day
x5/day b/c second pillar of islam “salat”
spread aerosol/spray chem agent & cause problems
beware of low flying airplanes b/c to deliver an erosol/spray of a chem agents lcose enough to cause casualties, aircraft must fly low
UAV
unmanned aerial vehicle
problem of a cruise missile or long-range UVA & chem spread
a cruise missle or lon-rane UVA w/a spray tank could lay down a lineal spray cloud as a chem weapon so beware
ECM
electronic countermeasures
terrain of chem weapons
chem agens act liek fog/mist and tavel w/windconsistent in smooth terrain but windy in roug/urban*high winds decrrease agent persistency
temperature and chem weapon
colder temps, teh more persistent the agent
UV light & chem weapon persistency
UV light doesn’t affect persistency
sunlight & chem weapon persistency
sunlight decrease persistensy
temperature gradient & chem weapons
lapse condition- warmer near surface so teh rising warm air takes the chem agent out ofhte area
LIDAR
light detection and ranging
thermal dissemination
pyrotecnic to aerosolize. sensitivity to increased temps and can deteriroate if expsure
why did Germany turn to chem weapons in WWI
germany turned to chem weapons in WWI partly b/c the british blockade imported nitrites from CHili
famous use of chem weapons in modern day warfare
WWI at Ypres
problem of mustard gas
skin
what do WMD programs reflect
WMD programs reflect the motivations and intention of hte governments taht produce them and are affected by regime changes or regime change in POWV
aka anthrax
bacillius anthrasis
aka smallbox
variola major
variola major
smallpox
aka plague
yersinia pestis
source of ricin
castor bean seeds
cator bean seeds
ricin
aka botulism
clostriduium botulinin
examples of toxins
ricin| botulism
comparision of bo weapons than thermal
pound for pound, bio wapons ar more lethal than thermo *100kg of anthrax or could kill up to 3 M but 1 megaton warhead only 1.9M
organism by which the bio agent is transported
vector
cutaneous versus inhalex anthrax lethality
cutaneous anthrax is only up to 20% lethal but abx are effective. if inhaled, dead in 3-5 days
famous middle ages plague
bubonic plage spread by flea bites
how is anthrax sprad
anthrax isn’t transmitted person to person but is persistent in environments for weeks slo needs contamination
Spanish flu
- killed 50M otherwise healthy
famous ricin assassination
- Georgi Markov (Bulgarian didssident who incurred the wrath of the KGB) unbrella deposited ricin ball
killed via an umbrella
1978 Georgi MarkovBulgarian dissident who incurred the wrath of the KGBricin
October 2001 attack
anthrax in letterscleanup costs were more than teh WTC cleanuupattacked Leahy
received October 2001 anthrax letters
Leahy
Iraqui and bio warfare
it took Iraq 5 yrs to go from no capability to a world calss bo warfare. bought the capability on the world market
USA promise regarding bio weapons
1971- USA fulfilled its promise to destory its stockpiles of chem weapons*we do reserve the right to maintain a small amount for reserach
has ICBM
NK, INdia, Pakistan, Iran, Russia, CHina
aka dirty bomb
RDD.radioloactive material spread by a conventional explosive
example of an RDD attack
Kyrgstn . strotium powder into a water tank then sprayedthe water around the town and 10 died
4 potential threats from RDD
blastradiationfear and paniclong-term economic costs
RED
radiation exposure device| ubobtrusive object that is emitting dangerous radiiation but people don’t know it is there
unobtrusive object that is emitting dangerous radiation w/o public knowledge
RED = radiation exposure device
3 basic types of RDD
spray radioactive liquid/powderexplosive w/radioactivity sourceRED
most of the injuries from the RDD
blast injuries
grounds maintence crews as suspecious activity
grounds maintence crews sprayign radioactive powder could be undetected terrorists
3 common RDD liquids
strontium podwertechnetiumcesium
how do nuclear weapons get their explosive force
nuclear fission (split causing a chain reaction)fusion (lighter elements become heavier
elements used in fission
uranium 233, 235plutonium 239*splits causing a chain reaction
elements used in nuclear fusion
deuteriumtritiumlight elements combine to form an heavier element . need extremely hgih temps to initiate
TNT from complete fission of 1lb of uranium/plutonium
16K ton TNT
type of atomic bomb used in Japan
fission
when were hydrogen bombs created
1950| used for testing purposes. used fusion
power of complete fusion of 1 1b deuterium
= 26K tons TNT. more powerful than the atomic bomb of Japan
nuclear fallout
dispersal of nuclear material in the targeted area and downwind*alpha, beta, and gamma radiationb
ionizing radiation
xraygamma rays highely penetrating. hurting peopel and interfering w/equipment
EMP
ionization of air and speed in all directions. equipment power failure
surface burst
indicates the firball of detonation touched the surface of hte earth.
subsurface burst
detonation occurred underground w/o breakthrough of hte fireball above the elve of hte eartyh
air burst
fireball doesn’t touch the surface of hte earth
bomb didn’t touch the surface
air burst
underground explosion w/o breaking the surface
subsurfface burst
HEMP
high altitude electromagnetic pulse* occurs outsid eof the earth’s atmosphere* can disrupt satellite signlasls so affects communication and position locating
effect of a HEMP
high altitude electromagnetic pusle| *explodes high oiutside ofhte earth’s atmpsphere
nuke that explodes outside of the earth’s atmosphere
HEMP = high altitude electromagnetic pulse
what happens when a nuclear blast occurs
the superheated gas in the form of a flireball rises atmpshpere and sucks up atoms from anything in the immediate areas*cloud rises to a height based on yield (size) of the burst and hight at which ti exploded
3 zones od damage in a nuclear blast
severmoderatelight
when is strotium the most dangerous
strotium is the msot dangerous when it enters the food chain and is ingested
REM
roentgen equivalent in man
roentgen
unit of xray| named after the discoveror of xray
discovered the xray
Roentgen| unit of exray
taking apart a bomb
dismantle
when have nukes been used in warfrare
only the Japanese a-bomb. otherwise deterance and treaties
countries who have nuclear warhead capability
USUKFranceISraelpakistanindiarussiachinaNKorea
US stance on nucelar weapons
US has deliberate ambugity in terms of nuke capability. US involved in nuke discussions to decrease stockpile worldwide but maintains nucealr capability. no release on nuclear policy to create uncertainty in tehminds of adversaries. US capability is a significant deterrancre to adversaries
problem of long-range delivery systems
means can attack beyond their geographical region
home of the Boston Marathon Bombers
Chechnea
EPA on US hazadarous material
US EPA says 13,500 manufacutring sites owned by 900 companies produce hazardous mateials and 111 chem plants are close enoguht to high populations to cause significant harm in accident/sabotage. companies say their safeguarding makes this unklikely
main suppliers of CBRN/missle related capabilities to states of concern
Russia & China
where does Iran get most of their nuclear tech
Russia
who are state sponsors of terror
SofS designates to have repeatedly provided support for acts of international terrorism. inclusion on the least leads to strict sanctionsstarted 1979
A.Q. Khan
Pakistanexample of supply & deman economics driving nuclear proliferationfather of pakistan’s nuclear waepon porgramsays he acted w/o authorization to sell nuclear technology to Iran, Libya, and NK using a legit computer business as an afontprincipally sold centrifuge purify nuclear material and plans*renounced WMD after caught
fatwa
islam religious ruling issued by a recognized islamic authority
islam religous ruling issued by a recognized islamic authority
fatwa
how long has teh techniques of genetic engineering existed
since 1980s
dual use enigma of bio weapons
first step is isolating/culturing(when you attenuate/clinacl trial to vaccine**difference between legit vaccine, uincrease virulence, increase quality, weapons tiesting*diverges of good versus bad use wat teh stage where you eithe rstrengthen or weak it
Why was the spanish flu unique
b/c it impacte the yojngest and healthiest. not young/old. caused the person’s immunie system to overreact so the person protected themsel to death
when was the Spanish Influenza genome published
in 2005 by sequencing bodies of native americans int eh alakan permafrost
effects of wapons
disrupt US/coalition forcesdeter US interventionachieve regional leverageintimidation
CBRNE Threat Asessment Framework
WHO- type of adversary possessions, CBRNEWHY- broad objectives for CBRNEWHEN - timeing for use inconflitWHERE-thypes/llocation of threatWHAT_thype of CBRNEHOW-concept for CBRNE cemployemnt
WHY broad objectives for CBRNE
regional leverage/intimidationdeter US interventiondefeat US/revengedisrupt US multinational foceprevennt defeat
who is more likely to act w/o regards for boundaries of established state activity
nonstate actors
SOF
SPecial Ops forces
source for CBRN
Joint Publication 3-11: Operation in CBRNE environments
didn’t sign the nonproliferation treaty
India & Pakistan didn’t sign the =nonproliferation treateies so conflict between the two could actually elad to the exchange of nucrlear weapons
CBW
chemial and biological weapons
last time nuclear weapons were used
Japan 1945
recent example of chemical wapons
Iraw used chemical weapns agaisn Iran in 1980s
salad bar bio weapon
Rajneeshees put salmonella into an ORegon salad bar that sickened 750 but no deaths
who probably did the October 2001 anthrax letters
Bruice Ivins. 5 died
Tokyo subway attack
Aum Shinrikyo did sarin in 1994
Syrian and chem weapons
villege of Ghoota in 20131500 died, UN .Human RIghts Watch and UN implicate dthe syran regimeUS/France threatened military retaliation but the K parliament voted against military action
3 most important Syran supporters
HezbollahIranRUssia*to their credit, did tell Syria to staop usign chemical weapons against their people
tensions between N and S KOrea
NK has weapons weapons at Seoul/S.K
yrs of hte Arb=Israeli war
67, 73
China’s stance on nuclear weapon use
China espouses a “not first nuclear” doctrine so they would only use as a retaliation
real benefit of nuclear weapons
nuclear weapons are primarily for deterrance and prestigue| *no staetes possessing nuclrear weapons has ever had a major invasion
China’s intervention into the Korean war
…was under protection of nuclear armed Soviet USSR
2 countries who use nuclear weapons for prestigue
Iran wants to be a great power| North Korea wants to be taken seriously as a great power
3 primary uses for nuclear weapons
prestiguedeterarnceretaliatin
reaons not to use CBRN eapons
fear of reprisalgeopolitical climate in way unfavorable to possessor, international responseweapons might not accomplish the desired objectivrecountermeasures moral consideraitons
major challenge for RDD
avoid lethal exposure during production so they aren’t
UN Security Resolution 1540
obligates all states to act to preclude non-state actors from acquiring/using weapons
Nuclear Terrorism COnvention
requrest state sto protect radiological materials, facilitt eh investigation/persecution of cfrimes including acts
OSINT
open sourced intelligence
IAEA
international atomic energy
perspective on WMD
WMD isn’t an adversary. it is a capability that an adversay may use to inflict casualties, degrate equipment, counter coalition
foundation for all other US strategies
National Security Strategy
stance of CBRNE via the National Security Strategy
shows CBRNE and WMD are clear and present danger otr US and its way of life*US possesses an unprescedented/unequal strength and influence in thw orld. faith in principles of liberty and vlue of a free society, it comes w/unparrelled rsponsibilities, obligations, and opportunities
prioritizes top strategic risks to US
attack on US/critical infrastrucurerthreat US citizens abroad and alliesglobal economic crisismanagery energy market disruptionglobal disease boutbreakssecurity consequences r/t faile dstates like MARO/regional organized crime
4 pillars of the 2017 National Security Strategy
protect the American people, homeland, and american way of lifedefend against wmdcombat biothreats/pandemicpursue threats to
leading state sponsor of terorism
Iran
Joint Chief of Staff National Military Strategy 2018 stance on where/when WMD attacks will happen
we dont’ know when/wre/under what conditions WMD attacks will happen so we should maintain a boxer’s stance (agility, strength, endurance, awareness, flexibility, resilliance)
Boxer’s tance characteristics-6
agilitystrengthenduranceawarenessflexibiliytResilliance
START
stragegic arms reduction treaty
yr of new START
2011
A2AD
antiaccess threats/area denial threats
partners used to deter CBRNE/WMD
internationalNGOprivateacademicsindustry
federal government mission in a bio attack
save livesdecrease human suffering[rotect property/environmentcontrol disease spreadovercome physica;/eotional/envornmental
USSOCOM
us special ops command
MCM
meddial countermeasures
abbreviation for combatant ommand
COCOM
FCP
functional campain plan
WMD pathways
WMD pathways consist of network linsk to enable actors to conceptualize, develop. possess, and proliferate WMD capabilities*pathways lower barriers so beware
CWMD
countering weapons of mass destruction
primary objectives are derived from…
primary objectives are derived from end states and take into account general trends in the strategic envirobnmebt
DOD CWMD primary objectives
combating WMDdeny teh effects of current/emerging WMDt threats via layered and integraed defensesdecrease incentives to persue/possess/employ WMDincrease barriers to acqusition/proliferation/usemanage WMD risk emerging from hostile
3 LOE to decrease WMD
Lines of Effortprevent acqusitionocntain/decrease threatsrespond to crisis
LOE
lines of effort
METOC operaionts
meterological and oceanogrpahic operations
what do control activities require the ability to do
isolate, intercept, divert, seize, and secure WMD
fundamental threat…
locateidentifycharacterizeassess, predict
who are not meeting international guidelines for nonproliferation
iran| NK
DTRA
defense threat reduction agency
appreviation for combatant commander
CCDR
TCP
theatre campaign plan
CTR program
cooperative gthreat program
FDO
flexible deterrant option
stages of phasing
0= shaping1= deterseize the initiativedominatestabilizeenable civil authoriteis
examples of FDO
Flexible Deterrant options| DIME = diplomatic, international military economic
CBRN-R
R= response| actiosn that take place when these events happen to prepare for, respond to, receove from effects
JP 3-41
minimizing effects of CBRNE /WMD
LFA
lead federal agent
DOD Directive 3025.18
DOD officials/president have the authority too provide immediate resources to minimize the effect of disasters*requests must come for civil authorities *conditions msut be serious enoubht to hat have time for proper forml aid request
DSCA support w/o proper chain of command authorization
civil authority makes the request and the condition is so serious that there is not enough time for proper formal aid request b/c life,suffering, property damagecommanders in foreign coutnries can only do lifesaving
General Matthis’s perspective on transitional planning
said traditional plannign served us well but generals use it mechanically w/ a focus on procedure/detail that obscures importance of udnerlyign creative processes
(critical thinking, creativity, foresight, adaptibility_
“design does not replace planning but planning is incomplete w/o design”
“design helps teh CDR provide enough structure to an ill-structured problem so planning can lead to effective action towards strategic objectives
JAWS
joint advanced warfare schools at the Joint Warfare Staff College
military stance on handbooks
handbooks are not approved doctrine but should be consistent with it
Unified Quest
Chief of Staff ARmy future study program designed to ID issues and explore solutions critical to current/future force devleopment
operational design
conception and construction of the framework that underpins a campaign or major operational plan and its subsequent exeuction
JOPP
jorderly analytical process that consists of a logical set of steps to analyze a mission selected best COA, produce in operational plan/order
initial focus of operational design
helps JFC visualize the OE, udnerstand the problem that must be solved, develop a broad operational approach to create desired end state
what does JOPP do
converts broad approach to a detiled solution via OPLAN/OPORD
value added by JOPP
increased emphasis on role of CDr
- deeper understanding of OE
- enhanced CDR to staff dialogue
- better understand problem/root cauuses
- better guide to detailed planning
- shared visualization of the flow of operation
0 expanded role fo the assessment process
0 enhanced adaptivity to chanes in envirobment/problem
what does joint operational planning balance
art and science
operational art
cognitive approach by CDR/staff supported by skill, knowledge, crativity, judgment to develop strategies, campaigns, opeatios, and org/employ mil forces
intuition
unquantifiable tale3nt for applying a level of insight that underpins the CDR decisions or all aspects of joint operaions
operational design elemetns
objectives
end state
difference in information the JFC has in comparision to staff
JFC typically has borader info not available to staff and a broader basis of experience, judgment, and intution to guide decisino making
operational environment is a composition of…
conditions, circumstances, inferences that affect the employment capabilities and bear ont he decisions of the CDR
use of OE
visualize an approach that can achiev eobjectives/accomplish teh mission. the JFC must describe botht ebeginning state of the OE and the decisive end
the OE provides context
set of circusmtances within which teh JFC will operate
what do you need to udnerstand in order to udnerstand the OE
how the systems behave and interat
- think through cause and effect
opeational approach
CDR description of the broad actions the force must take in order to achieve desired end state
“is the joint force doing things right” and “doing the right thing”
MOP/MOE
reframing indicators
focus on changes in the OE or problems that coudl cause the JFC to beign a desesign effect
officers and military theory
often O’s ignore/don’t fully understand and downplay teh importance of military theory
- real purpose of military is links to practice
“first a new theory is attack as absurd. then admitted to be true but obvious/insignificant. finally it seems so important taht adversaries claim to jhave devleoped it
way to think about operational development
OD is a journey of discovery not a destiination
thinking left to itself is…
biased
distorted
partial
uninformed
prejudiced
costly
critical thinking
cognitive strategies that increase probability of a desired outcome
- describes thinking that is purposefully reasoned and goal oriented
strive for critical thinking in operational development
CDR should be better at it in comparision to subordinates basd on training, edu, experience, and enhanced by intiuition and superior judgment
- so CDR invovlement/participation early
Socratic method
quest to find reason and wisdom
- ability to logically assess the quality of one’s thinkking and think of others to consstently arriva at greater understanding and achieve wise judgments
system
functionally, fphysicallyt, behaviorally related group of regional interactions or independent elements forming a unified whole
PMESII
one way of thiking about the OE
Bloom’s Taxonomy of Learning
Evaluation
Synthesis
Analysis
Application
Comprehension
Knowledgw
Bloom’s Taxonomy of Learning (evaluation)
- judgement based on evidence
- appraise, conclude, justify, value
Bloom’s Taxonomy of Learning (synthesis)
- synthesis. rearrange ideas into new whole
- c raete, assemble, compose, design
Bloom’s Taxonomy of Learning (analysis)
break down objects to similar parts to analize, compare/c ontrast, distinguish
Bloom’s Taxonomy of Learning (application)
apaply, choose, demonstrate, produce, use….all to real situations
Bloom’s Taxonomy of Learning (comprehension)
grasp meaning. define, dsicuss, explain
homeland of Clauseqwiz
On War = Prussian
culmination point (offense)
point in time/space where the attacker’s combat power no longer exceeds that of the attacker
what happens at the culmination of stability ops
declin popular support erodes, national willl, question sconcerning restraint/legitimacy, lapses in protection leads to excessive casulaties
dialectics
method of arguemtn that systematically weights contradictory facts/ideas with a view to the resolution of their real/apparent contridiction a subject but wish to estblish truth via reaoned argumetn
- intellectual exchange of ideas to reach conclusions via reasoned argumetns
- two peop*le hodldiff///////////////////////n
