Midterm #3 - Psychosis Flashcards
1
Q
delusions
A
- irrational unrealistic beliefs
- bizarre and not shared by those in the same culture
- part of psychosis
2
Q
hallucinations
A
- sensory experiences that others don’t have
- absence of external events
- part of psychosis
3
Q
schizophrenia
A
- 2+ symptoms for a 1 month period: delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, gross disorganization/catatonic behaviour, negative symptoms (need one of the first 3)
- disturbance for at least 6 months
- low level of functioning
4
Q
residual
A
- after a full blown psychotic episode
- left over behaviours that don’t meet the clinical threshold
5
Q
prodromal
A
- some symptoms, but not full blown
- can be in this period for a long time
6
Q
positive symptoms
A
- add something
- active manifesters of abnormal behaviour
- delusions and hallucinations
6
Q
delusions of grandeur
A
- positive symptom
- belief of being famous or powerful
- inflated sense of self
6
Q
delusions of persecution
A
- positive symptom
- other people are out to get you
- paranoia
7
Q
delusions of jealousy
A
- positive symptom
- significant feelings of envy
- usually about romantic relationships
8
Q
Cotard’s sydrome
A
- positive symptom
- belief that part of the body has been changed in an impossible way
9
Q
Capgras syndrome
A
- positive symptom
- belief that someone in their life has been replaced by some sort of double or impersonator
10
Q
negative symptoms
A
- absence or insufficiency of normal behaviour
- take something away
- 5 As: avolition, alogia, anhedonia, asociality, affective flattening
11
Q
avolition
A
- negative symptom
- inability to initiate/persist in activities
- can’t start things
12
Q
alogia
A
- negative symptom
- absence of speech
- brief replies
13
Q
anhedonia
A
- negative symptom
- lack of pleasure experienced
- can be caused by meds
14
Q
asociality
A
- negative symptom
- lack of interest in social interactions
- can be a significant change in functioning
15
Q
affective flattening
A
- negative symptom
- no open reaction to emotional situations
- vacant stares
- lacking expression
16
Q
disorganized symptoms
A
- erratic behaviours affecting speech
- motor behaviour
- emotional reactions
- don’t fit with positive or negative
17
Q
disorganized speech
A
- disorganized symptom
- communication problems
- going on tangents
- loose associations and meaningless words
18
Q
inappropriate affect and disorganized behaviour
A
- disorganized symptom
- laughing or crying at inappropriate times
- hoarding/collecting things with no use
19
Q
catatonic immobility
A
- disorganized symptom
- keeping body and limbs in the position they are put in by someone else
- body stays in one position for long periods
20
Q
schizophreniform disorder
A
- schizophrenia symptoms between 1 month and 6 months
- meets diagnostic criteria for schizophrenia after 6 months
- can usually function normally
- FORMS into schizophrenia
21
Q
schizoaffective disorder
A
- schizophrenia criterion A met along with a mood episode
- delusions and hallucinations
22
Q
delusional disorder
A
- persistent belief contrary to reality, lasts for a long time
- no other characteristics of schizophrenia
- erotomania
- grandiose
- somatic
23
Q
brief psychotic disorder
A
- 1+ positive symptoms lasting less than one month
24
Q
schizotypal personality disorder
A
- less severe schizophrenia symptoms
- might not have same degree of impairment
25
Q
ideas of reference
A
- think that insignificant events relate directly to the self
- can become problematic
26
Q
genetic influences
A
- multiple gene variances combine to produce vulnerability
- 48% if identical twin has disorder
- 17% with fraternal twin
27
Q
gene-environment interactions
A
- genes may act as vulnerability factors
- interact with specific environmental pathogens at crucial developmental stages
28
Q
sociogenic hypothesis
A
- tendency for people with schizophrenia to be found in lower classes
- lower socioeconomic status can be stressful
29
Q
social selection hypothesis
A
- individuals experience downward social drift into lower social classes
- have a hard time maintaining life aspects
30
Q
biological treatments
A
- neuroleptics: help people think clearly, dopamine antagonist, side effects
- newer antipsychotics: fewer side effects, reduce positive and negative symptoms
31
Q
behavioural family therapy
A
- help family to support individual
- must be ongoing for benefit
- reduce stigma
32
Q
CBT
A
- for symptoms of delusions and depression
- regaining social skills and routines
- holistic support
- treat effects of what happened during a psychotic episode
33
Q
motivational view of delusions
A
- beliefs as attempts to deal with and relieve anxiety and stress
34
Q
deficit view of delusions
A
- beliefs as resulting from brain dysfunction that creates these disordered cognitions
