Midterm #3 - Personality

Question 1

personality disorder

Answer 1

• persistent pattern of emotions, cognitions, behaviour resulting in enduring emotional distress for affected person and others
• characteristics have to be life-long for diagnosis
• impairment in functioning

Question 2

categorical understanding

Answer 2

• either have it or you don’t
• perspective in DSM-5

Question 3

continuum understanding

Answer 3

• we’re all on a continuum of all personality traits

Question 4

cluster A disorders

Answer 4

• paranoid, schizoid, schizotypal
• odd or eccentric

Question 5

cluster B disorders

Answer 5

• borderline, narcissistic, histrionic, antisocial
• dramatic, emotional, or erratic

Question 6

cluster C disorders

Answer 6

• dependent, avoidant, obsessive-compulsive
• anxious or fearful

Question 7

paranoid personality disorder

Answer 7

• suspicious/mistrustful of others without justification
• NOT delusions
• argumentative, may complain, quiet, hostile toward others, suicidal, sensitive to criticism
• don’t usually want treatment

Question 8

schizoid personality disorder

Answer 8

• detachment from social relationships, no desire to enjoy closeness with others
• extreme social indifference, no distress from isolation
• could look like schizophrenia, need to rule out psychotic features

Question 9

schizotypal personality disorder

Answer 9

• social deficits, psychotic-like symptoms, cognitive impairments
• similar to schizophrenia, less severe
• magical thinking, ideas of reference

Question 10

narcissistic personality disorders

Answer 10

• unreasonable sense of self-importance, grandiosity
• no compassion for others, form relationships for personal gain
• usually seek therapy for other areas of functioning

Question 11

antisocial personality disorder

Answer 11

• aggressive, lying, cheating, no remorse, violate social norms
• usually involved in criminal justice system
• overlap in psychopathy

Question 12

borderline personality disorder

Answer 12

• one of the most common and well-researched, stigmatized
• turbulent relationships, fear abandonment, emotional dysregulation, intense emotions
• engage in suicidal behaviours
• highly comorbid

Question 13

______ is a precursor for antisocial personality disorder

Answer 13

• conduct disorder

Question 14

2 disorders that often get misdiagnosed as each other

Answer 14

• bipolar disorder and borderline personality disorder

Question 15

causes of BPD

Answer 15

• genetics, related to mood disorders
• childhood abuse and trauma = invalidating
• higher in females because of greater experience of abuse

Question 16

BPD treatments

Answer 16

• antipsychotics and antidepressants
• dialectical behaviour therapy (DBT)

Question 17

dialectical behaviour therapy

Answer 17

• mindfulness
• distress tolerance
• interpersonal effectiveness: get needs met while also respecting others
• emotional regulation

Question 18

histrionic personality disorder

Answer 18

• dramatic, theatrical, self-centred, vain, seek constant reassurance
• high diagnosis in women due to Western stereotypes

Question 19

avoidant personality disorder

Answer 19

• interpersonally anxious, fear rejection/criticism, pessimistic about future
• fear of relationships, may have one relationship they cling to
• desire relationships but too fearful

Question 20

avoidant personality disorder treatment

Answer 20

• gradual CBT
• exposure
• changing maladaptive beliefs
• cognitive restructuring

Question 21

dependent personality disorder

Answer 21

• interpersonally dependent and anxious
• can’t function without person they’re attached to
• end up in harmful relationships
• need reassurance, feelings of inadequacy

Question 22

therapy for dependent personality disorder

Answer 22

• work on beliefs and build self-esteem
• try not to have client develop a dependent relationship on the therapist

Question 23

obsessive-compulsive personality disorder

Answer 23

• rigid inflexibility in thinking patterns and behaviours
• obsession with making list but can’t act, need everything to be perfect
• poor interpersonal relationships
• can’t ask for help

Question 24

magical thinking

Answer 24

• person believe they have special abilities
• belief that specific words, thoughts, emotions, or rituals can influence the external world