Midterm #2 - Eating Disorders

Question 1

bulimia nervosa

Answer 1

• binge eating: abnormally large portions, lack of control
• compensatory behaviours to prevent weight gain (purging)
• at least once/week for 3 months

Question 2

medical consequences of bulimia

Answer 2

• enlargement of salivary gland
• erosion of dental enamel
• disrupted heartbeat
• kidney failure

Question 3

anorexia nervosa

Answer 3

• restriction of energy intake, leading to significantly low body weight
• intense fear of gaining weight, persistent behaviours to prevent weight gain
• 2 subtypes: restricting types, binge eating/purging type

Question 4

medical consequences of anorexia

Answer 4

• cessation of menstruation
• dry skin, brittle hair or nails
• lanugo: downy hair on limbs and cheeks

Question 5

_______ has the highest morbidity and suicide rate out of all of the disorders in the DSM-5

Answer 5

• anorexia nervosa

Question 6

binge eating disorder

Answer 6

• recurrent episodes of binge eating, larger portions than most would eat, lack of control
• no compensatory behaviours
• associated with 3 of: eating more rapidly, being uncomfortably full, large amounts of food even when not hungry, eating alone (embarrassed), feeling disgusted with self

Question 7

age of onset for eating disorders

Answer 7

• 15-19yrs

Question 8

ARFID

Answer 8

• doesn’t involve concerns about appearance
• intense aversion and disgust
• leads to nutritional deficiencies

Question 9

social causes of eating disorders

Answer 9

• social media
• family pressures, especially from mother to daughter
• chronic dieting can lead to a preoccupation with food

Question 10

biological causes of eating disorders

Answer 10

• inherited vulnerability
• 4-5x greater likelihood to develop an ED from relatives
• perfectionist traits
• inherited impulsivity trait

Question 11

psychological causes of eating disorders

Answer 11

• diminished sense of personal control
• low self-esteem
• perfectionist attitudes
• distorted body image

Question 12

______ is key in treating eating disorders

Answer 12

• prevention

Question 13

drug treatments

Answer 13

• not useful for anorexia
• antidepressants for bulimia (Prozac)

Question 14

bulimia treatment

Answer 14

• CBT-E: alter dysfunctional thoughts, special focus on eating
• IPT: improve interpersonal functioning
• CBT: eating habits and attitudes about food, more broad
• behaviour therapy
• family therapy

Question 15

binge-eating treatment

Answer 15

• CBT: introduce new coping strategies
• weight-loss programs
• self-help procedures
• treatment directed towards bingeing

Question 16

anorexia treatment

Answer 16

• first step: hospitalization for weight gain
• CBT-E: work on maladaptive thoughts
• outpatient CBT: nutritional counselling, psychosocial treatment
• motivational enhancement techniques
• family therapy

Question 17

preventing eating disorders

Answer 17

• eliminating focus on body
• educating about food/eating
• promoting healthy body image
• countering effects of media

Question 18

comorbidity of all eating disorders

Answer 18

• anxiety and mood disorders
• suicide (anorexia)
• OCD
• substance use
• impulsivity