Midterm Flashcards
The levels of organization from most simple to most complex are
organelle → cell → tissue → organ → system
Which abdominal region is located lateral to the umbilical region?
Lumbar
The body section that divides the right ear from the left ear is a _____ section.
sagittal
In which abdominal region the sigmoid colon is found?
Left Iliac
Bonds that usually dissociate (separate) in water to form electrolytes are _____ bonds.
ionic
The heart is an example of a
organ
Alkaline have
a pH more than 7
the lower part of the ventral body cavity
abdominopelvic cavity
part of the dorsal cavity that contains the brain
cranial cavity
divides the body into front and rear parts
frontal plane
cavity that is subdivided into pleural cavities
thoracic cavity
divides the body into right and left sides
sagittal plane
a muscular sheet dividing the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities
diaphragm
In which abdominal region is the stomach located
Epigastrium
The body section that divides the nose from the back of the head is a _____ section.
frontal
The level of organization directly below the organ level is the _____ level.
tissue
A coronal plane or section is another term for a _____ plane.
frontal
A group of cells that act together to perform a function is called a
tissue
The abdominal cavity and the pelvic cavity are separated by a muscle called the diaphragm.
false
The human body tries to maintain hydration. This is an example of
homeostasis
In which abdominal region is the liver located?
Right hypochondriac
Which word is defined as the study of the function of living organisms and their parts?
physiology
Cells
are the smallest living units of structure and function in the body
Which term means toward the head?
superior
Which abdominal region is located below the umbilical region?
Hypogastric
Which region is located superior to the hypogastrium?
Umbilical
The part of the feedback loop that detects a change in the regulated condition is called
the sensor
Which abdominal region houses the majority of the descending colon?
Left Flank
In which abdominal region is the spleen located?
Left hypochondriac
Acids have
a pH less than 7
The diaphysis is the
shaft of a long bone.
The hypodermis
is also called the subcutaneous layer.
Cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, and coccygeal refer to
vertebrae.
Which of the following is not part of the thoracic cage?
Pelvic bones
The Haversian system (osteon) is
the functional unit of the bone.
Which of the following describes exfoliation and desquamation?
The sloughing off by the stratum corneum of dead cells
The zygomatic bone
is called the cheekbone.
What is the term that refers to the replacement of cartilage by bone?
Ossification
Which of the following is located at the ends of a long bone?
Epiphysis
What is the name of the “soft spots” in a baby’s skull?
Fontanels
Cancellous refers to a
spongy bone
Which of the following bones is not located in the lower limbs?
Ulna
C1 to C7 refer to
vertebrae
Which bone is found in the skull but is not a facial bone?
Occipital
The occipital bone
contains the foramen magnum.
Fontanels are
areas found in the infant skull that are membranous.
Which word(s) best reflect(s) the function of the epiphyseal disc (Aka. Growth cartilage) ?
Longitudinal growth
The __________ is synthesized (produced) by the skin and is necessary for calcium absorption from the digestive tract.
Vitamin D
Which of the options describes below correspond to a function of the Osteoclasts
raises blood calcium levels.
Which of the following substances makes the skin water resistant?
Keratin
Which structure refers to the shaft of a long bone?
Diaphysis
Which of the following is true of the following terms: osteoblast, osteoclast, osteocyte, and osseous tissue?
All refer to bone
Which bone is found in the skull but not in the cranium?
Mandible
What is the result of the contraction of the arrector pili muscles?
Goosebumps
What is the outer lining of connective tissue that surrounds the diaphysis of a long bone ?
Periosteum
What is the function of the masseter muscle?
Chews food
The corpus callosum
connects the right and left hemispheres.
Which of the following is an event that occurs within the neuromuscular junction?
Binding of the acetylcholine to the cholinergic receptor on the muscle membrane
Which of the following muscles is described as striated and involuntary?
Cardiac
Acetylcholine is released from the neuron’s membrane in response to the
nerve impulse.
A tendon
attaches muscle to bone.
What makes white matter “white”?
Myelin
There are four major areas of the brain: the cerebrum, diencephalon, brain stem, and
cerebellum
The medulla oblongata is
-located in brain stem
- infratentorial structure
-sensitive to the effects of opiods
Which of the following is not descriptive of the medulla oblongata?
Thermostat center
The frontal, temporal, occipital, and parietal lobes form the
cerebrum
What is true of the diencephalon?
Contains the thalamus and hypothalamus
Which cranial nerve is responsible for eye movements?
Cranial Nerve 2
The orbicularis oris muscle
surrounds the mouth.
What is the fatty insulating material that surrounds the axons of the white matter nerve cells?
Myelin
The medulla oblongata descends as the
spinal cord.
The cerebral spinal fluid
cushions the brain (Protection) , delivers nutrients to the brain, and removes wastes.
The midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata are referred to as the
brain stem.
Which cranial nerve is responsible for controlling the muscles of facial expression?
Cranial Nerve Vll
The orbicularis oculi
encircles the eye.
What is the name of the cord of connective tissue that connects muscle to bone?
Tendon
Which muscle separates the thoracic and abdominal cavities and is also the chief breathing muscle?
Diaphragm
Which muscles are located between the ribs and help move the rib cage during breathing?
Intercostal muscles
The Achilles tendon attaches the soleus and which muscle to the calcaneus?
Gastrocnemius
Which of the following is located within the subarachnoid space?
Cerebrospinal fluid
Parkinson disease is treated by trying to get more dopamine into the brain.
True
Sympathetic nerve stimulation causes relaxation of the breathing passages (bronchodilation). Which of the following achieves this effect?
Beta2-adrenergic
The sympathetic nervous system is responsible for the “fight-or-flight” response.
True
An adrenergic receptor is stimulated by
Epinephrin
A beta1 receptor
increases heart rate.
The autonomic nervous system is considered a subdivision of the central nervous system.
False
The somatic nervous system controls actions of:
Skeletal Muscles
A neurotransmitter that causes the heart to beat stronger and faster is called
Adrenergic
The Synaptic area are compose by the pre-synaptic, post- synaptic and the synaptic gap
True
The autonomic nervous system consists of neurons that conduct impulses from the PNS to:
-Glandular tissue (salivary glands)
-Smooth muscle
-Cardiac muscle
The two principal divisions that make up the nervous system are the:
Central and peripheral nervous system
Muscarinic receptors are
activated by ACh.
What term is used to describe the electrical signal that travels down the axon of a neuron?
Action potential
Alpha and beta receptors are
associated with the sympathetic nervous system
Which of the following types of muscle is stimulated by the Somatic Nervous System?
Skeletal muscle
Stimulation of Beta 2 receptors stimulate the
Lungs
Which of the following is most characteristic of the parasympathetic nervous system?
Rest-and-Digest system
Stimulation of Beta 1 receptors stimulate the
Heart
Which neurotransmitter is secreted by a cholinergic nerves?
Acetylcholine
Norepinephrine and acetylcholine both belong to a group of compounds called catecholamines.
False
Which of the following is least related to the sympathetic nervous system?
Cholinergic effect
_____________are part of the peripheral nervous system and is stimulated by Acetylcholine.
Somatic and the Parasympathetic system
Stimulation of Alpha 1 receptors produce
Vasoconstriction
Increased heart rate, increased blood pressure, bronchodilation, diaphoresis, and pupillary dilation (mydriasis) are consequences of
activation of the adrenergic receptors.
