lecture 11 Flashcards
digestion
breakdown
accessory organs
teeth, tongue, salivary glands
liver
gallbladder
pancreas
upper gastro intestinal tract
oropharynx
esophagus
stomach
lower gastro intestinal tract
small intestine
-duodenum
-jejunum
-ileon
large intestine
-ascending colon
-transverse colon
-descending colon
-sigmoid colon
-rectum
where does digestion begin
oropharynx
Salivary Glands
- sub mandibular (2) - throat
- sub lingual (2) - under tongue
- parotid gland (2) - by cheeks
bolus
food entering the mouth
chyme
food dropping to stomach
how long does food stay in stomach for
30 min - 2 hrs
where does food go after the stomach
duodenum
how long does it take for food to be excreted
1- 2 days ( makes sure nutrients are properly absorbed )
peristalsis
contraction & relaxation of stomach
what is responsible for peristalsis
smooth muscle
absorption
small intestine : absorb nutrients
large intestine : absorb water
pH of chyme
2
metabolism
liver
4 functions of the liver
-albumin
-bile/bilirubin
-coagulation
-detoxification
2 sphincters of the stomach
gastoesophageal sphincter, cardiac
pyloric sphincter
largest gland
parotid gland
cholecystokinin
causes gall bladder to contract
enzymes released from the pancreas
lipase
protease
amylase
(bicarbonate)
pancreatic juice
neutralizes acidic chyme from the stomach
purpose of gallbladder
stores and concentrates bile produced by the liver, which is released into the small intestine to emulsify fats
digestion step-by-step
-starts in the mouth by chewing and mixing food with saliva
- in stomach, food is broken down by gastric juice and enzymes to form chyme
-in small intestine, chyme mixes with bile, pancreatic juice, and intestinal enzymes for absorption of nutrients
functions of kidney
( fresh red )
filtration
reabsorption
excretion
secretion
hormones
- renin
- erythropoietin
-vitamin d
