lecture 11

Question 1

digestion

Answer 1

breakdown

Question 2

accessory organs

Answer 2

teeth, tongue, salivary glands
liver
gallbladder
pancreas

Question 3

upper gastro intestinal tract

Answer 3

oropharynx
esophagus
stomach

Question 4

lower gastro intestinal tract

Answer 4

small intestine
-duodenum
-jejunum
-ileon

large intestine
-ascending colon
-transverse colon
-descending colon
-sigmoid colon
-rectum

Question 5

where does digestion begin

Answer 5

oropharynx

Question 6

Salivary Glands

Answer 6

1. sub mandibular (2) - throat
2. sub lingual (2) - under tongue
3. parotid gland (2) - by cheeks

Question 7

bolus

Answer 7

food entering the mouth

Question 8

chyme

Answer 8

food dropping to stomach

Question 9

how long does food stay in stomach for

Answer 9

30 min - 2 hrs

Question 10

where does food go after the stomach

Answer 10

duodenum

Question 11

how long does it take for food to be excreted

Answer 11

1- 2 days ( makes sure nutrients are properly absorbed )

Question 12

peristalsis

Answer 12

contraction & relaxation of stomach

Question 13

what is responsible for peristalsis

Answer 13

smooth muscle

Question 14

absorption

Answer 14

small intestine : absorb nutrients
large intestine : absorb water

Question 15

pH of chyme

Answer 15

2

Question 16

metabolism

Answer 16

liver

Question 17

4 functions of the liver

Answer 17

-albumin
-bile/bilirubin
-coagulation
-detoxification

Question 18

2 sphincters of the stomach

Answer 18

gastoesophageal sphincter, cardiac
pyloric sphincter

Question 19

largest gland

Answer 19

parotid gland

Question 20

cholecystokinin

Answer 20

causes gall bladder to contract

Question 21

enzymes released from the pancreas

Answer 21

lipase
protease
amylase
(bicarbonate)

Question 22

pancreatic juice

Answer 22

neutralizes acidic chyme from the stomach

Question 23

purpose of gallbladder

Answer 23

stores and concentrates bile produced by the liver, which is released into the small intestine to emulsify fats

Question 24

digestion step-by-step

Answer 24

-starts in the mouth by chewing and mixing food with saliva
- in stomach, food is broken down by gastric juice and enzymes to form chyme
-in small intestine, chyme mixes with bile, pancreatic juice, and intestinal enzymes for absorption of nutrients

Question 25

functions of kidney
( fresh red )

Answer 25

filtration
reabsorption
excretion
secretion
hormones
- renin
- erythropoietin
-vitamin d