Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy and Physiology > lecture 6 > Flashcards

lecture 6 Flashcards

1
Q

Iodine is

A

Used by the adenohypophysis to synthesis TSH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

The adrenal cortex

A

secretes catecholamines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what gland secretes melatonin and is concerned with our biological rhythms?

A

pineal gland

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Which gland is associated with “sugar, salt, and sex”?

A

adrenal cortex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

which gland secretes two hormones, one that elevates blood glucose levels and another that decreases blood glucose levels?

A

pancreas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

a deficiency of insulin causes

A

hyperglycemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is most likely the effect of a deficiency of aldosterone?

A

low blood volume and hypotension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

calcitonin and parathyroid hormone

A

control plasma levels of calcium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

oxytocin

A

is a neurohypophyseal hormone that stimulates the uterine muscle to contract, thereby assisting in labor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what condition caused by impaired drainage of aqueous humor through the canal of schlemm that increases intraocular pressure

A

glaucoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Which structure connects the hypothalamus and the adenohypophysis?

A

portal capillaries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

which cerebral lobe is concerned primarily with vision

A

occipital lobe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

ketosis and acidosis are

A

characteristic of diabetes insipidus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

cushing syndrome and addison’s disease are

A

forms of chronic adrenal cortical hypofunction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

which of the following is least characteristic of the function of insulin

A

increases the generation of ketone bodies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

cretinism, myxedema, and Graves’ disease are

A

disorders of thyroid gland function

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

the secretion of cortisol by the adrenal gland suppresses further secretion of ACTH by the anterior pituitary gland. What is this interaction called?

A

negative feedback control

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

aqueous humor

A

is drained though the canal of Schlemm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What best describes the function of insulin

A

stimulates cells to make glucose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

PTH

A

lowers plasma calcium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Iodine-containing hormones

A

Regulate the metabolic rate.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

adenohypophysis

A

refers to the anterior pituitary gland

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

the beta cella of the islets of langerhans

A

are insulin-secreting pancreatic cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

The islets of Langerhans

A

Secrete insulin and glucagon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

epinephrine increases blood glucose by

A

increasing transport of glucose into the cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

a hormone that suppresses gluconeogenesis

A

prevents hyperglycemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Identify the glands associated with these hormones: gonadotropins, aldosterone, and epinephrine.

A

Anterior pituitary, adrenal cortex, Adrenal medulla

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

The anterior pituitary gland

A

Is connected to the hypothalamus by the portal capillaries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What is true of the hypothalamus

A

connected to the neurohypophysis by the portal capillaries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Insulin, cortisol, thyroxine, and oxytocin

A

are hormones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

The adrenal cortex

A

is the target gland of ACTH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

thyroxine

A

is TSH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Which of the following is descriptive of prolactin?

A

Also called lactogenic hormone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Abrupt, sudden, withdrawal of prednisone is most likely to cause

A

cushing syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

This cone-shaped gland is located in the head and is called the “biological clock.”

A

Pineal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Posterior pituitary hormones causes the kidney to decrease its excretion of urine

A

ADH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Excess insulin is most apt to cause

A

hypoglycemia.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

Which of the following is the most important effect of somatotropic hormone?

A

Growth of the musculoskeletal system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

Which of the following steroids is an androgen?

A

Testosterone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

rhodopsin

A

is necessary for the refraction of light by the lens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

Which structure is attached to the lens, causing its shape to be changed?

A

Suspensory ligaments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

The optic nerve

A

receives sensory information from the retina.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

A cataract is a

A

cloudy lens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

Is located in the posterior cavity of the eyeball

A

vitreous humor.

45
Q

what is least related to the optic nerve

A

innervates the extrinsic eye muscles

46
Q

the occipital lobe

A

receives information from cranial nerve lll

47
Q

the ciliary muscle

A

change the shape of the lens

48
Q

Rods

A

are concerned with night vision

49
Q

Hyperglycemia, glucosuria, polyuria, and acidosis are

A

most apt to be caused by a deficiency of insulin.

50
Q

Cretinism, myxedema, and Graves’ disease are all

A

disorders of thyroid gland function.

51
Q

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) and oxytocin

A

are secreted by the neurohypophysis.

52
Q

The “melting of flesh into urine” is most descriptive if untreated

A

diabetes mellitus

53
Q

virilization is characterized by

A

excess facial hair

54
Q

“Sugar, salt, and sex” is descriptive of

A

cortisol, aldosterone, and testosterone.

55
Q

the pancreas

A

secrete hormones that affect blood glucose levels

56
Q

Which of the following is not controlled by a hypothalamic-releasing hormone?

A

ADH

57
Q

As plasma levels of calcium decrease

A

the parathyroid glands secrete an osteoclastic hormone.

58
Q

ACTH stimulates the

A

adrenal cortex to secrete cortisol.

59
Q

Estrogen, progesterone, and testosterone

A

are secreted by the gonads.

60
Q

vitreous humor

A

found in the anterior cavity of the eyeball

61
Q

The hypersecretion of which hormone is least likely to cause hyperglycemia?

A

insulin

62
Q

not a function of insulin

A

promoting protein synthesis

63
Q

Enlargement of the thyroid gland

A

is called a goiter.

64
Q

the fovea centrails and macula lutea

A

are primarily responsible for night vision

65
Q

Glucagon, growth hormone, cortisol, and epinephrine

A

raise blood glucose levels.

66
Q

Diminished drainage of aqueous humor through the canal of Schlemm

A

paralyzes the muscles of accommodation

67
Q

ACTH, TSH, and gonadotropins

A

hypothalamic-releasing hormones

68
Q

Which of the following hormones exerts negative feedback control on the secretion of ACTH?

A

cortisol

69
Q

A deficiency of dietary iodine

A

causes a goiter.

70
Q

Which of the following is a function of parathyroid hormone?

A

It increases plasma levels of calcium.

71
Q

This hormone stimulates osteoclastic activity, causing bone resorption.

A

PTH

72
Q

Identify the hormones that are secreted by these glands: adrenal cortex, pancreas, and adenohypophysis.

A

Cortisol, insulin, growth hormone

73
Q

glucagon

A

is secreted in response to a decrease in blood glucose.

74
Q

Which of the following is not under the direct control of the pituitary gland?

A

Parathyroid secretion of PTH

75
Q

Insulin

A

is secreted by the beta cells of the islets of Langerhans.

76
Q

Which of the following is the response to low plasma levels of calcium?

A

secretion of PTH

77
Q

Which of the following are concerned with “sugar, salt, and sex”?

A

Glucocorticoid, mineralocorticoid, and androgen

78
Q

Steroids

A

include the glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids, and androgens.

79
Q

The only hormone that lowers blood glucose levels is

A

insulin.

80
Q

Testosterone is best described as

A

virilizing.

81
Q

The neurohypophysis

A

is the posterior pituitary gland.

82
Q

Which of the following is true of both prolactin and oxytocin? Both

A

are concerned with lactation.

83
Q

Hypocalcemic tetany

A

develops in response to a deficiency of parathyroid activity.

84
Q

Catecholamines

A

include epinephrine (adrenalin) and norepinephrine.

85
Q

Which of the following is least associated with the adrenal medulla?

A

Sugar, salt, and sex

86
Q

mydriasis

A

refers to pupillary dialation

87
Q

What is the stimulus for the release of insulin?

A

High plasma levels of glucose

88
Q

T3, T4, and calcitonin are

A

secreted by the thyroid gland.

89
Q

Identify the glands that secrete these hormones: glucagon, PTH, and TSH.

A

Pancreas, parathyroid, anterior pituitary

90
Q

A deficiency of ADH most likely

A

induces polyuria.

91
Q

The bones, kidneys, and intestine are target organs of this calcium-regulator hormone.

A

PTH

92
Q

PTH

A

Is secreted by the adenohypophysis

93
Q

Which of the following structures is located outside the eye?

A

conjunctiva

94
Q

Hypocalcemic tetany

A

may be caused by a deficiency of PTH.

95
Q

Excessive eating despite plenty of glucose in the blood is called

A

polyphagia

96
Q

Which gland secretes TSH, ACTH, and growth hormone?

A

Anterior pituitary gland

97
Q

The adrenal medulla

A

secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine.

98
Q

The person with _____ is most likely to receive insulin therapy.

A

hyperglycemia

99
Q

The adrenal medulla

A

is associated with the fight-or-flight response.

100
Q

TSH

A

is secreted by the anterior pituitary gland

101
Q

rods and cones are

A

visual receptors

102
Q

The gel like substance that gently pushes the retina against the choroid and maintains the shape of the eyeball is

A

vitreous humor.

103
Q

Which of the following is most likely to cause the secretion of calcitonin?

A

Elevated plasma calcium level

104
Q

Aldosterone

A

is a mineralocorticoid secreted by the adrenal cortex.

105
Q

Cushing syndrome

A

may be caused by steroid (prednisone) therapy.

106
Q

an anticholinegic drug such as atropine

A

causes the circular muscles to contract

107
Q

This adrenal cortical mineralocorticoid helps regulate salt and water balance

A

Aldosterone

108
Q

Which layer of the eyeball supplies blood to the retina?

A

choroid

Anatomy and Physiology (17 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions