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Anatomy and Physiology > lecture 4 > Flashcards

lecture 4 Flashcards

1
Q

what is the orbicularis oculi

A

encircles eyelids

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2
Q

which flat muscle covers the forehead and raises the eyebrows (for a surprised look)

A

frontails

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3
Q

schwann cells and oligodendrocytes

A

synthesize myelin sheath of neurons in the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves

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4
Q

This muscle lies along the posterior surface of the upper am; it extends the forearm and is used to bear weight in crutch walking

A

triceps brachii

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5
Q

The gastrocnemius and the soleus are commonly called the

A

Toe dancers muscles

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6
Q

which of the following is the type of nervous tissue that conducts a nerve impulse

A

neuron

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7
Q

Which is true of both the occipital and temporal lobes? Both

A

are cerebral lobes

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8
Q

csf circulates through all of the following structures except the

A

foramen magnum

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9
Q

Which of the following is true of the chewing muscles

A

must be attached to the mandible

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10
Q

Which of the following forms cross-bridges with actin

A

myosin

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11
Q

With regard to the action potential,

A

the efflux of K+ causes repolarization.

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12
Q

which group of muscles moves the arm. at the shoulder

A

rotator cuff muscles

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13
Q

this muscle flattens the cheek and positions the food between the teeth

A

buccinator

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14
Q

which of the following describes actin and myosin

A

all of the above

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15
Q

Which of the following is responsible for muscle relaxation

A

Calcium is pumped back into the sarcoplasmic reticulum

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16
Q

This structure is part of the diencephalon; it regulates the anterior pituitary gland, water balance, appetite, body temperature, and the autonomic nervous system.

A

hypothalamus

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17
Q

Which of the following is located within the subarachnoid space?

A

cerebrospinal fluid

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18
Q

The quadriceps femoris group and the hamstrings

A

Lie along the thigh

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19
Q

The medulla oblongata descends into the vertebral cavity through the

A

foramen magnum.

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20
Q

The rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, and vastus intermedius

A

Are the muscles of the quadriceps femoris

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21
Q

With which of the following is the parietal lobe most associated?

A

Somatosensory area

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22
Q

what best describes a sphincter muscle

A

encircle

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23
Q

the somatic motor neuron

A

causes release of ACh into the NMJ

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24
Q

The medulla oblongata is

A

all of the above

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25
Q

Which of the following “muscle words” refers to the chest

A

Pectoralis

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26
Q

The inside of the unstimulated neuron is negative; this electrical charge is caused by the outward leak of potassium and is called

A

the resting membrane potential.

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27
Q

What is the fatty insulating material that surrounds the axons?

A

Myelin

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28
Q

which of the following does not refer to the thin filament

A

myosin

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29
Q

Which of the following contains cerebrospinal fluid?

A

Subarachnoid space

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30
Q

What is the name of the first phase of the action potential that is caused by the inward movement of sodium?

A

Depolarization

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31
Q

the calf muscle (gastrocnemius) attaches to the calcaneus by the

A

achilles tendon

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32
Q

actin is

A

thin filament

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33
Q

The corpus callosum

A

connects the right and left hemispheres.

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34
Q

Which of the following is true of the diencephalon?

A

Contains the thalamus and hypothalamus

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35
Q

the purpose of myoglobin is to

A

store oxygen

36
Q

The orbicularis oris muscle

A

Surrounds the mouth

37
Q

Which of the following is not descriptive of the medulla oblongata?

A

“Executive” function

38
Q

which of the following words means muscle weakness

A

myasthenia

39
Q

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)

A

all of the above

40
Q

Neurotransmitters

A

All of the above are true.

41
Q

Which type of muscle requires stimulation by a somatic motor neuron

A

skeletal

42
Q

which contractile protein does calcium bind

A

Troponin

43
Q

With regard to an action potential, the rapid efflux of K+

A

restores the internal negativity of the neuron.

44
Q

What is the name of the cord of connective tissue that connects muscles to bone

A

Tendon

45
Q

Which of the following is true of the occipital lobe?

A

Contains the primary visual cortex

46
Q

Which muscle is located on the posterior area of the body

A

Latissimus dorsi

47
Q

The depression between the convolutions of the cerebrum is called a

A

sulcus.

48
Q

The biceps femoris, semitendinosus, and semimembranosus

A

Are the hamstrings

49
Q

Which group of muscles is located on the posterior thigh

A

Hamstrings

50
Q

the “maters” are

A

meninges

51
Q

the pituitary gland sits beneath the

A

hypothalamus.

52
Q

The smiling muscle is the

A

Zygomaticus

53
Q

Contraction of the right sternocleidomastoid muscle

A

Rotates the head to the left

54
Q

The levator palpebrae superioris

A

raises eyelids

55
Q

The rectus, transversal, internal oblique and the external oblique refer to

A

Abdominal muscles

56
Q

site of calcium storage in a relaxed skeletal muscle

A

sarcoplasmic reticulum

57
Q

acetylcholine is released from the neuron’s membrane in response to the

A

nerve impulse

58
Q

The cerebral spinal fluid

A

cushions the brain, delivers nutrients to the brain, and removes wastes.

59
Q

Which muscle separates the thoracic and abdominal cavities and is also the chief breathing muscle

A

diaphram

60
Q

clinically, an elevated. blood level of creatine phosphate is indicative of

A

muscle damage

61
Q

Which of the following is the middle layer of the meninges and looks like a spiderweb?

A

Arachnoid mater

62
Q

The midbrain, pons, and referred to as the

A

brain stem

63
Q

what is the stimulus for the release of ach from the prejunctional membrane

A

nerve action potential

64
Q

The brachialis and brachioradialis

A

Flex the forearm at the elbow

65
Q

a tendon is

A

attaches muscle to bone

66
Q

What is the function of the masseter muscle

A

chews food

67
Q

the muscle of mastication must insert on the

A

mandible

68
Q

the frontal temporal occipital and parietal lobes form the

A

cerebrum

69
Q

The occipital lobe

A

contains the primary visual cortex

70
Q

which muscle if described as striated and involuntary

A

cardiac

71
Q

the choroid plexus

A

is the site where cerebrospinal fluid is formed

72
Q

The medulla oblongata descends as the

A

spinal cord

73
Q

Which muscle are you using as you turn your head to the left then to the right

A

Sternocleidomastoid

74
Q

Which of the following is not a facial muscle

A

Sternocleidomastoid

75
Q

Which of the following best describes the arachnoid mater?

A

Meninges

76
Q

There are four major areas of the brain: the cerebrum, diencephalon, brain stem, and

A

cerebellum.

77
Q

Which muscles are located between the ribs and help move the rib cage during breathing

A

Intercostal muscles

78
Q

The surface of the cerebrum is folded into elevations that resemble speed bumps; these speed bumps are called

A

convolutions, or gyri.

79
Q

Myelination of the axon

A

increases the speed of the nerve impulse along the axon.

80
Q

Which structure plays a key role in personality development and emotional and behavioral expression and carries out the “executive” functions?

A

Frontal lobe

81
Q

What makes white matter “white”?

A

myelin

82
Q

Which muscle is located in the lower extremities

A

Peroneus longus

83
Q

Which of the following is true of myelination?

A

Increases the speed of the action potential along the axon

84
Q

As the electrical signal travels trough the T tubules, I️t causes the

A

Release of calcium from the sarcoplasmic reticulum

85
Q

Injury to the occipital lobe is most likely to cause

A

loss of vision

86
Q

The temporal lobe

A

contains the primary auditory cortex

87
Q

The pituitary gland is connected to

A

the hypothalamus.

Anatomy and Physiology (17 decks)

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