lecture 4 Flashcards
what is the orbicularis oculi
encircles eyelids
which flat muscle covers the forehead and raises the eyebrows (for a surprised look)
frontails
schwann cells and oligodendrocytes
synthesize myelin sheath of neurons in the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves
This muscle lies along the posterior surface of the upper am; it extends the forearm and is used to bear weight in crutch walking
triceps brachii
The gastrocnemius and the soleus are commonly called the
Toe dancers muscles
which of the following is the type of nervous tissue that conducts a nerve impulse
neuron
Which is true of both the occipital and temporal lobes? Both
are cerebral lobes
csf circulates through all of the following structures except the
foramen magnum
Which of the following is true of the chewing muscles
must be attached to the mandible
Which of the following forms cross-bridges with actin
myosin
With regard to the action potential,
the efflux of K+ causes repolarization.
which group of muscles moves the arm. at the shoulder
rotator cuff muscles
this muscle flattens the cheek and positions the food between the teeth
buccinator
which of the following describes actin and myosin
all of the above
Which of the following is responsible for muscle relaxation
Calcium is pumped back into the sarcoplasmic reticulum
This structure is part of the diencephalon; it regulates the anterior pituitary gland, water balance, appetite, body temperature, and the autonomic nervous system.
hypothalamus
Which of the following is located within the subarachnoid space?
cerebrospinal fluid
The quadriceps femoris group and the hamstrings
Lie along the thigh
The medulla oblongata descends into the vertebral cavity through the
foramen magnum.
The rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, and vastus intermedius
Are the muscles of the quadriceps femoris
With which of the following is the parietal lobe most associated?
Somatosensory area
what best describes a sphincter muscle
encircle
the somatic motor neuron
causes release of ACh into the NMJ
The medulla oblongata is
all of the above
Which of the following “muscle words” refers to the chest
Pectoralis
The inside of the unstimulated neuron is negative; this electrical charge is caused by the outward leak of potassium and is called
the resting membrane potential.
What is the fatty insulating material that surrounds the axons?
Myelin
which of the following does not refer to the thin filament
myosin
Which of the following contains cerebrospinal fluid?
Subarachnoid space
What is the name of the first phase of the action potential that is caused by the inward movement of sodium?
Depolarization
the calf muscle (gastrocnemius) attaches to the calcaneus by the
achilles tendon
actin is
thin filament
The corpus callosum
connects the right and left hemispheres.
Which of the following is true of the diencephalon?
Contains the thalamus and hypothalamus
the purpose of myoglobin is to
store oxygen
The orbicularis oris muscle
Surrounds the mouth
Which of the following is not descriptive of the medulla oblongata?
“Executive” function
which of the following words means muscle weakness
myasthenia
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
all of the above
Neurotransmitters
All of the above are true.
Which type of muscle requires stimulation by a somatic motor neuron
skeletal
which contractile protein does calcium bind
Troponin
With regard to an action potential, the rapid efflux of K+
restores the internal negativity of the neuron.
What is the name of the cord of connective tissue that connects muscles to bone
Tendon
Which of the following is true of the occipital lobe?
Contains the primary visual cortex
Which muscle is located on the posterior area of the body
Latissimus dorsi
The depression between the convolutions of the cerebrum is called a
sulcus.
The biceps femoris, semitendinosus, and semimembranosus
Are the hamstrings
Which group of muscles is located on the posterior thigh
Hamstrings
the “maters” are
meninges
the pituitary gland sits beneath the
hypothalamus.
The smiling muscle is the
Zygomaticus
Contraction of the right sternocleidomastoid muscle
Rotates the head to the left
The levator palpebrae superioris
raises eyelids
The rectus, transversal, internal oblique and the external oblique refer to
Abdominal muscles
site of calcium storage in a relaxed skeletal muscle
sarcoplasmic reticulum
acetylcholine is released from the neuron’s membrane in response to the
nerve impulse
The cerebral spinal fluid
cushions the brain, delivers nutrients to the brain, and removes wastes.
Which muscle separates the thoracic and abdominal cavities and is also the chief breathing muscle
diaphram
clinically, an elevated. blood level of creatine phosphate is indicative of
muscle damage
Which of the following is the middle layer of the meninges and looks like a spiderweb?
Arachnoid mater
The midbrain, pons, and referred to as the
brain stem
what is the stimulus for the release of ach from the prejunctional membrane
nerve action potential
The brachialis and brachioradialis
Flex the forearm at the elbow
a tendon is
attaches muscle to bone
What is the function of the masseter muscle
chews food
the muscle of mastication must insert on the
mandible
the frontal temporal occipital and parietal lobes form the
cerebrum
The occipital lobe
contains the primary visual cortex
which muscle if described as striated and involuntary
cardiac
the choroid plexus
is the site where cerebrospinal fluid is formed
The medulla oblongata descends as the
spinal cord
Which muscle are you using as you turn your head to the left then to the right
Sternocleidomastoid
Which of the following is not a facial muscle
Sternocleidomastoid
Which of the following best describes the arachnoid mater?
Meninges
There are four major areas of the brain: the cerebrum, diencephalon, brain stem, and
cerebellum.
Which muscles are located between the ribs and help move the rib cage during breathing
Intercostal muscles
The surface of the cerebrum is folded into elevations that resemble speed bumps; these speed bumps are called
convolutions, or gyri.
Myelination of the axon
increases the speed of the nerve impulse along the axon.
Which structure plays a key role in personality development and emotional and behavioral expression and carries out the “executive” functions?
Frontal lobe
What makes white matter “white”?
myelin
Which muscle is located in the lower extremities
Peroneus longus
Which of the following is true of myelination?
Increases the speed of the action potential along the axon
As the electrical signal travels trough the T tubules, I️t causes the
Release of calcium from the sarcoplasmic reticulum
Injury to the occipital lobe is most likely to cause
loss of vision
The temporal lobe
contains the primary auditory cortex
The pituitary gland is connected to
the hypothalamus.
